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north american species of cactus(臼胆鷲繁嫺)-及5何蛍
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axils of the last tubercles of the preceding year�察 �while the later ones
develop from the axils of the first tubercles of the same season。The
specimen growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard�察�in 1893 had 3 central spines�察�one or
two being hooked。
19。 Cactus grahami ��Engelm。�� Kuntze�察�Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 ��1891��。
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North American Species of Cactus
Mamillaria grahamiEngelm。 Syn。 Cact。 262 ��1856��。
Globose or at length ovate�察 �2。5 to 7。5 cm。 high�察 �simple or branched
from the base and even cespitose�此�tubercles ovate�察�6 mm。 long�察�dilated at
base ��corky and persistent when old���察�with naked axils�此�radial spines 15 to
30 in a single series�察�white�察�often dusky´tipped�察�slender but rigid�察�naked or
puberulent�察�6 to 12 mm。 long�察�the shorter ones uppermost�察�the longer ones
lateral�察�central spines 1 to 3�察�blackish from a paler base�察�the lower ��often
the only�� one stouter and longer ��6 to 18 mm。���察�hooked upward�察�the one or
two upper ones ��when present�� shorter and slenderer�察�divergent�此�flowers 2
to 2。5 cm。 long�察�rose´colored�此�fruit 2 to 2。5 cm。 long�此�seeds 0。8 to 1 mm。
long�察�black and pitted。��Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 6。 figs。 1´8��Type�察�Wright
of 1852 and Bigelow of 1852 in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
In rocky places�察 �from the mountains of extreme southwestern Texas
��west of the Pecos�� to southern Utah�察�southern California ��common along
the Colorado���察�and Sonora。Fl。 June´August。
Specimens examined�此�Texas ��Wright of 1852�察�Newberry of 1858�察�G。 R。
Vasey of 1881�察�Miller of 1881�察�Briggs of 1892���此�New Mexico ��Evans of
1891���此�Arizona ��Bigelow of 1852�察�Schott of 1858�察�Cous of 1865�察�Palmer
of 1869�察�1870�察�Engelmann of 1880�察�Pringle of 1884���此�Utah ��Parry of 1874���此�
Sonora ��Schott of 1853���此�also specimens cultivated in the Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
in 1881。
In all references to the fruit of this species it is described as ;oval and
green�察─ �except in Ives Report�察 �where Dr。 Engelmann describes its real
character as the ordinary fruit of Eumamillaria。The immature fruit is ;oval
and green�察─ �but with maturity it becomes clavate and scarlet。The Utah
specimens of Parry show an exceptional character in their 30 to 33
scabrous radial spines�察�but otherwise they are quite normal。M。 microcarpa
Engelm。�察�Emory's Rep。 156。 f。 3�察�should be dropped as a synonym of this
species�察�at least as to figure and description。 In all probability C。grahami is
one of the forms of the Mexican C。 schelhasii ��Pfeiff。��。Except that in C。
grahami the radial spines are apt to be more numerous and longer�察�and the
centrals much darker�察�and in C。 schelhasii the 3 centrals seem to be always
present and sometimes all hooked�察 �the descriptions suggest no
difference。In the absence of authentic specimens of the latter species�察�
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North American Species of Cactus
however�察�and with its fruit and seed entirely unknown�察�such a reference of
C。 grahami must be deferred。
20。 Cactus bocasanus ��Poselger��。
Mamillaria bocasanaPoselger�察�Gart。 Zeit。 94 ��1853��。
Depressed´globose�察�2 to 3 cm。 high�此�tubercles 8 mm。 long�察�with long
axillary wool�此 �radial spines 25 to 30�察 �white and capillary�察 �10 to 25 mm。
long�察�central spines 2 to 4�察�slender and naked ��or slightly puberulent���察�the
most central one hooked ��usually upwards���察�15 to 25 mm。 long�察�the upper
1 to 3 shorter and straight�察�all yellow with red tips�察�the hooked one often
brownish´red nearly to the base�此 �flowers unknown�此 �fruit green�察 �about 4
mm。 long�此 �seeds cinnamon´brown�察 �oblique�察 �broadly obovate�察 �with
narrowly ovate basal hilum。Type unknown。
San Luis Potosi�察�so far as known。Poselger says�察 �Texas�察�auf der Seira
de Bocas�察�among rocks�察─�which station we have been unable to locate。
Specimens examined�此 �San Luis Potosi ��Eschanzier of 1891���此 �also
specimens cultivated in Hort。 Pfersdorff in 1869�察 �in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 in
1891�察�also growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。
The capillary radials give the plant a white´woolly appearance。The
younger spines at the vertex are erect and tufted。It resembles C。 grahami�察�
but the tubercles are much more slender and not thickened at base�察�all the
spines are more slender�察�the central hooked one is more reddish�察�and the
fruit is much shorter。
21。 Cactus eschanzieri�察�sp。 nov。
Depressed´globose�察 �3 cm。 in diameter�察 �simple�此 �tubercles broader at
base�察�6 to 8 mm。 long�察�with naked axils�此�spines all pubescent�察�radials 15 to
20�察 �with dusky tips�察 �the lateral 10 to 12 mm。 long�察 �the lower weaker�察�
shorter and curved�察 �the upper shorter�察 �solitary central spine reddish�察�
slender�察�somewhat twisted�察�usually hooked upwards�察�15 to 25 mm。 long�此�
flowers red �┌殖��此�fruit reddish �┌殖��察�ovate�察�about 10 mm�察�long�此�seeds reddish�察�
oblique´obovate�察�1。2 mm。 long�察�pitted�察�with subventral hilum。Type in Herb。
Coulter。
San Luis Potosi。
Specimens examined�此�San Luis Potosi ��Eschanzier of 1891��。
Resembles C。 grahami�察 �but with fewer and more slender pubescent
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North American Species of Cactus
spines�察�longer and less rigid central�察�more exserted fruit�察�and much larger
reddish and strongly pitted seeds with subventral hilum。
22。 Cactus tetrancistrus ��Engelm。��。
Mamillaria tetrancistraEngelm。 Am。 Jour。 Sci。 II。 xiv。 337 ��1852���察 �in
part。Mamillaria phellospermaEngelm。 Syn。 Cact。 262 ��1856��。Cactus
pellospermusKuntze�察�Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 ��1891��。
Ovate or ovate´cylindrical�察�5 to 25 cm。 high�察�3。5 to 7。5 cm。 in diameter�察�
simple or rarely branching at base�此�tubercles ovate´cylindrical�察�8 to 14 mm。
long�察�with axillary bristle´bearing wool�察�at length naked�此�radial spines 30
to 60�察�in two series�察�the exterior bristle´like�察�shorter and white�察�the interior
stouter�察�longer and dusky´tipped or purplish�察�central spines 3 or 4�察�stouter�察�
longer�察�brown or blackish from a paler base�察�the upper 2 or 3 ��10 to 14 mm。
long�� straight�察 �or one or two or even all hooked�察 �the lower stouter and
longer ��12 to 18 mm。���察�hooked upwards�此�flowers about 2。5 cm。 long�此�fruit
1 to 2。5 cm。 long�此�seeds large ��1。2 to 1。5 mm。 in diameter���察�globose and
wrinkled�察�partly immersed in a brown spongy or corky cup´shaped 3´lobed
appendage。 ��Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 7��Type�察�Parry of 1850�察�but modified
by Le Conte 14 and Bigelow of 1854�察�all in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。
Gravelly soil and sandy stream´banks�察�from the eastern slopes of the
mountains of southern California�察 �throughout western Arizona and
southern Nevada to southern Utah�察 �referred also to ;N。 W。 Mexico; by
Hemsley ��Biol。 Centr。´Amer。��。
Specimens examined�此 �California ��Parry of 1850�察 �Newberry of 1858�察�
Parish of 1882���此�Arizona ��Le Conte 14�察 �Bigelow of 1854�察 �Dr。 Loew of
1875�此�also Palmer of 1870�察�but with no locality。
In the original description this species was confounded with C。
grahami�察 �with which it grows and which it much resembles�察 �and this�察�
together with the fact that 4 central hooked spines are seldom found�察�
induced Dr。 Engelmann ��Syn。 Cact。 262�� to propose the more appropriate
but untenable name M。 phellosperma。The resemblance to C。 grahami is
not so close as general appearance would indicate�察�as the more oblong or
cylindrical form�察 �longer and less crowded tubercles�察 �more numerous
spines�察�often more than one hooked central�察�large seeds�察�and remarkable
seed appendages serve well to distinguish it。
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North American Species of Cactus
���� Plants with fasciculate slender cylindrical stems ��30 to 45cm。 high�察�
and 2。5 to 6 cm。 in diameter���此�Lower Californian。
23。 Cactus roseanus ��Brandegee��。
Mamillaria longihamataEngelm。 Mss。Mamillaria roseanaBrandegee�察�
Zoe�察�ii。 19 ��1891��。
Fasciculately branched at base�察 �the stems 30 to 45 cm。 long
��sometimes pendent from rocks and as much as 200 cm。 long�� and 2。5 to 5
cm。 in diameter�察 �the whole plant glaucous�此 �tubercles elongated´conical�察�
ascending�察 �10 to 12 mm。 long�察 �with woolly axils�此 �radial spines 7 to 10�察�
straight�察 �rigid and sharp�察 �9 to 15 mm。 long�察 �dark reddish when young�察�
becoming ashy�察�the upper ones the longer�察�the solitary central much longer
��20 to 30 mm。���察�almost black below and with reddish tip�察�becoming ashy
with age�察 �usually hooked downwards�此 �flowers numerous�察 �2。5 to 3。5 cm。
long�察 �bright scarlet�此 �fruit obovate to globose�察 �scarlet�察 �6 to 9 mm。 in
diameter�察�fleshy�此�seeds black and pitted。Type in Herb。 Calif。 Acad。
Apparently common at low elevations throughout southern Lower
California�察�especially the eastern side。
Specimens examined�此�Lower California ��W。 M。 Gabb 17 of 1867�察�near
Loreto�察�Brandegee of 1889�察�at San Gregorio�察�Palmer 139 of 1890�察�near La
Paz�察�Palmer 880 of 1890�察�on Carmen Island�察�Bran
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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