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栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

north american species of cactus(臼胆鷲繁嫺)-及9何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



southwestern Texas�察�southward through Coahuila and San Luis Potosi to 

southern Mexico。 

     Specimens examined�此�Texas ��Wright 226 of 1849�察�also of 1852�察�Evans 

of 1891���此�Coahuila ��Palmer of 1880�察�Mrs。 Nickels���此�San Luis Potosi ��Parry 



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& Palmer 265�察�Eschanzier of 1891���此�also specimens cultivated in St。 Louis 

in 1853�察�in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 in 1892�察�and in Harv。 Bot Gard。 

     Even   in   the   absence   of   the   type   I   have   ventured   to   refer   Mamillaria 

pectinata   Engelm。   to   this   species。Dr。   Engelmann   had   concluded   that   the 

two    were    ;not   sufficiently   distinct�察─  �and   the   examination      of  Mexican 

forms       which      pass     as    C。     radians     abundantly        confirms      this 

conclusion。Besides�察        �every   character    in   the  original    description    of   C。 

radians     applies    exactly    to  these    Mexican      plants   and    to  our   Texan 

specimens as well。Aside from the fact that the Mexican specimens are apt 

to be more robust�察�I can discover no difference whatever。 For discussion of 

relationships see under C。 scolymoides。 

                      46。 Cactus radians pectenoides�察�var。 nov。 

     Differs in its cespitose habit�察�fewer ��16 or 17�� and stouter spines ��8 to 

9   mm。   long���察  �and   its   larger   and   longer   ��10   mm。��   less   deeply   grooved 

tubercles。Type in Herb。 Coulter。 

     San Luis Potosi。 

     Specimens examined�此�San Luis Potosi ��Eschanzier of 1891��。 

         47。 Cactus corniferus��DC。�� Kuntze�察�Rev。 Gen Pl。 260 ��1891��。 

     Mamillaria        corniferaDC。       Rev。     Cact。    111     ��1829��。     Mamillaria 

impexicomaLem。           Hort。   Monov。     Cult。    5  ��1839��。    Mamillaria      cornifera 

impexicomaSalm。 Cact。 Hort。 Dyck。20 ��1850��。 

     Globose�察  �7。5   cm。   in   diameter�察  �simple�此  �tubercles   oblong´ovate�察  �2   cm 

long�察�crowded�察�the younger axils woolly�此�radial spines 15 to 26�察�rigid and 

horny�察�curved or sometimes straight�察�reflexed�察�bulbous at base�察�yellowish 

��whiter with age�� and with dark tips�察�very sharp�察�10 to 12 mm�察�long�察�the 

central   one   much   stouter�察  �darker�察  �slightly   deflexed�察  �12   to   16   mm   long�察�

sometimes wanting�此�flower unknown�此�fruit obovate�察�red�察�2 cm long�此�seeds 

reddish�察�angular�察�smooth�察�2 mm。 long。Type unknown。 

     From San Luis Potosi to southern Mexico。 

     Specimens examined�此�San   Luis Potosi   ��Parry of   1879�察�Eschanzier of 

1891���此�also specimens cultivated   in   Mo。 Bot。  Gard。  in 1892�察  �growing   in 

same garden in 1893。Mamillaria impexicoma Lem。�察�afterwards reduced to 

a variety�察�was based upon fewer radial spines and no central。As the central 

is occasionally wanting in connection with the most numerous radials�察�and 



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present with the fewest�察�such a form would have to be separated solely on 

the   absence   of   the   central   spine�察  �and   even   in   the   original   description   of 

impexicoma   the   central   spine   is   only   said   to   be   ;sometimes   wanting。;It 

has been impossible for me to separate the forms。 It should be said that the 

fruit and seed characters given above were taken front a specimen whose 

few radials and no centrals would undoubtedly refer it to impexicoma。As 

yet   we   are   ignorant   of   the   flower   of   C。   corniferus。   For   discussion   of 

relationships see under C。 scolymoides。 

     ���� Central spines 1 to 4。 

         48。 Cactus scolymoides ��Scheidw。�� Kuntze。 Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 

                                         ��1891��。 

     Mamillaria scolymoidesScheidw Allg。 Gart。 Zeit。 ix。 44 ��1841��。 

     Globose or ovate�察�5 to 7。5 cm。 high。 subsimple�此�tubercles conical�察�10 to 

16 mm。 long�察�the upper elongated�察�incurved and imbricate�此�radial spines 14 

to 20�察�straight or often recurved�察�white or horny�察�10 to 20 mm。 long ��the 

upper the longer���察�central spines 1 to 4�察�longer ��18 to 32 mm。���察�more dusky�察�

curved�察�the upper ones turned upwards and intermixed with the radials�察�the 

lower one stouter�察�longer�察�and curved downwards�此�flowers 5 cm。 long�此�fruit 

unknown。Type unknown。 

     From   the   Pecos   River�察  �western   Texas�察  �westward   into   southern   New 

Mexico�察�and southward into Chihuahua and San Luis Potosi。 

     Specimens examined�此�Texas ��Hays of 1858���此�New Mexico ��Bigelow of 

1853���此�Chihuahua ��Wislizenus of 1846���此�also specimens cultivated in St。 

Louis in 1858。 

     Specimens collected by Mrs。 Anna B Nickels   across the Rio   Grande 

from     Laredo�察   �Texas�察   �and   showing     neither    flower   nor   fruit�察 �seem    to 

intergrade between C。 scolymoides and C。 scolymoides sulcatus。The habit 

is that of the former�察�the tubercles are those of the latter�察�while the spines 

are somewhat different from either。The number of central spines in these 

specimens   is   very   hard   to   determine�察  �as   on   the   adult   tubercle   they   all 

assume      a  radial   position。The     usual   adult   arrangement      is  an  apparent 

absence   of   central   spines�察  �10   to   12   rigid�察  �spreading   and   more   or   less 

recurved radials ��increasing in length from the lowest���察�which are mostly 

white or the upper more or less dusky�察�and above�察�just behind the radial 



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                               North American Species of Cactus 



row�察  �2   or   3   stout   recurved´ascending   spines�察  �which   are   white   with   tips 

more   or   less   reddish´black�察  �one   of   the   spines   usually   much   stouter   and 

longer   than   the   others。This   form   may   represent   a  distinct   species�察  �but   it 

seems very unsafe to add species to the C。 scolymoides group without the 

fullest information。 

     Prince   Salm´Dyck   refers   C。   scolymoides   to   ;M。   daimonoceras   Lem。 

Cact。 gen。 nov。�察�p。 5�察─�but no mention of such a name can be found in the 

work     referred    to。Labouret      refers  C。   corniferus     to  the  same     name    and 

reference。If      ;M。   daimonoceras;        was    anything     more    than   a   garden    or 

herbarium name   used   by Lemaire   I   have been   unable   to find   it�察 �and   Dr。 

Engelmann's notes indicate that his search met with the same result。It is 

possible that the name was applied loosely to this assemblage of closely 

related forms that seem to cluster about C。 corniferus。 

     A most perplexing question of relationship is presented by the forms 

that    have    been    called    pectinatus�察    �scolymoides�察      �sulcatus    ��calcaratus���察�

Echinus�察�and the Mexican forms radians�察�impexicomus�察�corniferus。It may 

be that they are all merely varieties of one strong polymorphic type�察�but 

our knowledge of corniferus is so incomplete�察�and material of other forms 

is so scanty�察�that I can not venture to make such an assertion。However�察�it 

seems      probable      that   radians�察   �pectinatus�察     �scolymoides�察      �sulcatus    and 

Echinus   all   have   green   fruit�察  �while   in   impexicomus   and   corniferus   it   is 

red。It    has   also   seemed     proper    to   merge     radians    and   pectinatus�察    �also 

impexicomus   and   corniferus�察  �and   to   refer   sulcatus   to   scolymoides   as   a 

variety。These seven forms are thus reduced at least to four species。 

                     49。 Cactus scolymoides sulcatus ��Engelm。��。 

     Mamillaria   sulcataEngelm。  Pl。   Lindh。   246   ��1845���察  �not   Pfeiff。   ��1848��。 

Mamillaria   strobiliformisMuhlenpf。 Allg。   Gart。   Zeit。   xvi。   19   ��1848���察  �not 

Scheer ��1850��。 Mamillaria calcarataEngelm。 Pl。 Lindh。 195 ��1850��。 Cactus 

calcaratusKuntze�察�Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 259 ��1891��。 

     Differs in its smaller size�察�proliferous and much more cespitose habit�察�

the   dilated   base   of   the   more   spreading   tubercles�察  �fewer   ��8   to   12��   radial 

spines�察    �usually    a  single   central    spine    ��wanting     in  young     plants��   and 

somewhat larger flowers。��Ill。 Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 74。 fig。 1�察�seeds��Type�察�

Lindheimer of 1844 in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 



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                              North American Species of Cactus 



     Texas�察�from the Brazos to the Nueces。 

     Specimens examined�此�Texas ��Lindheimer of 1844�察�Fendler 34�察�Wright 

of 1850�察�1854�察�1857���此�also specimens cultivated in St。 Louis in 1845�察�1848�察�

1853�察�1859。 

     This seems to represent the northeastern extension of the species�察�and 

doubtless      it  will  be   found     merging     into   it  south   and    west   of   the 

Nueces。Curiously         enough    one    of  the  prominent      distinctions    originally 

given was the single central spine�察�while in the type specimen there occur 

tubercles with more than one central。 

        50。 Cactus echinus ��Engelm。�� Kuntze�察�Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 ��1891��。 

     Mamillaria echinusEngelm。 Syn。 Cact。 267 ��1856��。 

     Globose   or   subconical�察  �3。5   to   6。5   cm。   in   diameter�察  �simple�此  �tubercles 

terete�察�conical�察�grooved above�察�10 to 12 mm。 long�此�radial spines 16 to 30�察�

pectinate�察  �straight   or   little   curved�察  �rigid   and   appressed   ��interwoven   with 

neighboring clusters���察�ashy´white ��often dusky at apex���察�8 to 12 mm。 long�察�

the uppermost longer ��12 to 20 mm。���察�central spines 3 or 4�察�the upper ones 

turned upward and intermixed with the radials�察�the lower one very stout�察�

15   mm。   long�察  �subulate   from   a   very   thick   bulbous   base�察  �straight   ��rarely 

slightly curved�� and porrect ��deciduous in old specimens���此�flowers 3 to 5 

cm。 long�此�fruit oval�察�elongated�察�about 2 cm。 long�察�green�此�seeds elongated´ 

obov
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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