memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v10-第6部分

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act　Ferdinand　was　King；　but　Charles　declared　it　was　done　against　his
will；　and　he　retracted。　　The　Emperor's　recognition　was　wanting；　and　he；
could　give　or　withhold　it　as　he　pleased。

In　this　state　of　things　Napoleon　arrived　at　Bayonne。　　Thither　Ferdinand
was　also　invited　to　go；　under　pretence　of　arranging　with　the　Emperor　the
differences　between　his　father　and　himself。　　It　was　some　time　before　he
could　form　his　determination；　but　at　length　his　ill…advised　friends
prevailed　on　him　to　set　off；　and　he　was　caught　in　the　snare。　　What
happened　to　him；　as　well　as　to　his　father；　who　repaired　to　Bayonne　with
his　inseparable　friend　the　Prince　of　the　Peace　is　well　known。　　Napoleon；
who　had　undertaken　to　be　arbiter　between　the　father　and　son；　thought　the
best　way　of　settling　the　difference　was　to　give　the　disputed　throne　to
his　brother　Joseph；　thus　verifying　the　fable　of　the　〃Two　Lawyers　and　the
Oyster。〃　　The　insurrection　in　Madrid　on　the　2d　of　May　accelerated　the
fate　of　Ferdinand；　who　was　accused　of　being　the　author　of　it；　at　least
this　suspicion　fell　on　his　friends　and　adherents。

Charles　IV。；　it　was　said；　would　not　return　to　Spain；　and　solicited　an
asylum　in　France。　　He　signed　a　renunciation　of　his　rights　to　the　crown　of
Spain；　which　renunciation　was　also　signed　by　the　Infantas。

Napoleon　now　issued　a　decree；　appointing　〃his　dearly　beloved　brother
Joseph　Napoleon；　King　of　Naples　and　Sicily；　to　the　crowns　of　Spain　and
the　Indies。〃　　By　a　subsequent　decree；　15th　of　July；　he　appointed　〃his
dearly…beloved　cousin；　Joachim　Murat；　Grand　Duke　of　Berg；　to　the　throne
of　Naples　and　Sicily；　which　remained　vacant　by　the　accession　of　Joseph
Napoleon　to　the　kingdoms　of　Spain　and　the　Indies。〃　　Both　these　documents
are　signed　Napoleon；　and　countersigned　by　the　Minister　Secretary　of
State；　Maret。

The　Prince　Royal　of　Sweden；　who　was　at　Hamburg　at　this　time；　and　the
Ministers　of　all　the　European　power；　loudly　condemned　the　conduct　of
Napoleon　with　respect　to　Spain。　　I　cannot　say　whether　or　not　M。　de
Talleyrand　advised　the　Emperor　not　to　attempt　the　overthrow　of　a　branch
of　the　house　of　Bourbon；　his　good　sense　and　elevated　views　might
certainly　have　suggested　that　advice。　　But　the　general　opinion　was　that；
had　he　retained　the　portfolio　of　foreign　affairs；　the　Spanish　revolution
would　have　terminated　with　more　decorum　and　good　faith　than　was　exhibited
in　the　tragi…comedy　acted　at　Madrid　and　Bayonne。

After　the　Treaty　of　Tilsit　and　the　bonds　of　friendship　which　seemed
likely　to　produce　a　permanent　union　between　the　Emperors　of　France　and
Russia；　the　cause　of　the　Bourbons　must　have　been　considered　irretrievably
lost。　　Indeed；　their　only　hope　consisted　in　the　imprudence　and　folly　of
him　who　had　usurped　their　throne；　and　that　hope　they　cherished。　　I　will
here　relate　what　I　had　the　opportunity　of　learning　respecting　the　conduct
of　Louis　XVIII。　after　his　departure　from　France；　this　will　naturally
bring　me　to　the　end　of　November　1807；　at　which　time　I　read　in　the　Abeille
du　Nord　published　on　the　9th　of　the　same　month；　that　the　Comte　de　Lille
and　the　Due　d'Angouleme　had　set　off　for　England。

The　Comte　de　Provence；　as　Louis'　title　then　went；　left　Paris　on　the　21st
of　June　1791。　　He　constantly　expressed　his　wish　of　keeping　as　near　as
possible　to　the　frontiers　of　France。　　He　at　first　took　up　his　abode　at
Coblentz；　and　I　knew　from　good　authority　that　all　the　emigrants　did　not
regard　him　with　a　favourable　eye。　　They　could　not　pardon　the　wise。
principles　he　had　professed　at　a　period　when　there　was　yet　time　to
prevent；　by　reasonable　concession；　the　misfortunes　which　imprudent
irritation　brought　upon　France。　　When　the　emigrants；　after　the　campaign
of　1792；　passed　the　Rhine；　the　Comte　de　Provence　resided　in　the　little
town　of　Ham　on　the　Lippe；　where　he　remained　until　he　was　persuaded　that
the　people　of　Toulon　had　called　him　to　Provence。　　As　he　could　not；　of
course；　pass　through　France；　Monsieur　repaired　to　the　Court　of　his
father…in…law；　the　King　of　Sardinia；　hoping　to　embark　at　Genoa；　and　from
thence　to　reach　the　coast　of　Provence。　　But　the　evacuation　of　Toulon；
where　the　name　of　Bonaparte　was　for　the　first　time　sounded　by　the　breath
of　fame；　having　taken　place　before　he　was　able　to　leave　Turin；　Monsieur
remained　there　four　months；　at　the　expiration　of　which　time　his　father…
in…law　intimated　to　him　the　impossibility　of　his　remaining　longer　in　the
Sardinian　States。　　He　was　afterwards　permitted　to　reside　at　Verona；　where
he　heard　of　Louis　XVI。's　death。　　After　remaining　two　years　in　that　city
the　Senate　of　Venice　forbade　his　presence　in　the　Venetian　States。　　Thus
forced　to　quit　Italy　the　Comte　repaired　to　the　army　of　Conde。

The　cold　and　timid　policy　of　the　Austrian　Cabinet　afforded　no　asylum　to
the　Comte　de　Provence；　and　he　was　obliged　to　pass　through　Germany；　yet；
as　Louis　XVIII。　repeated　over　and　over　again；　ever　since　the　Restoration；
〃He　never　intended　to　shed　French　blood　in　Germany　for　the　sake　of
serving　foreign　interests。〃　　Monsieur　had；　indeed；　too　much　penetration
not　to　see　that　his　cause　was　a　mere　pretext　for　the　powers　at　war　with
France。　　They　felt　but　little　for　the　misfortunes　of　the　Prince；　and
merely　wished　to　veil　their　ambition　and　their　hatred　of　France　under　the
false　pretence　of　zeal　for　the　House　of　Bourbon。

When　the　Dauphin　died；　Louis　XVIII。　took　the　title　of　King　of　France；　and
went　to　Prussia；　where　he　obtained　an　asylum。

　　　　　＇His　brother；　Charles　X。；　the　youngest　of　the　three　grandsons　of
　　　　　Louis　XV。　　（Louis　XVI。；　Louis　XVIII。　Charles　X。）；　the　Comte
　　　　　d'Artois；　afterwards　Charles　X。　　emigrated　in　1789；　and　went　to
　　　　　Turin　and　Mantas　for　1789　and　1790。　　In　1791　and　1792　he　lived　at
　　　　　Coblenta；　Worms；　Brussels；　Vienna；　and　at　Turin。　　From　1792　to　1812
　　　　　he　lived　at　Ham　on　the　Lippe　at　Westphalia　at　London；　and　for　most
　　　　　of　the　time　at　Holyrood；　Edinburgh。　　During　this　time　he　visited
　　　　　Russia　and　Germany；　and　showed　himself　on　the　coast　of　France。　　In
　　　　　1818　he　went　to　Germany；　and　in　1814　entered　France　in　rear　of　the
　　　　　allies。　　In　risking　his　person　in　the　daring　schemes　of　the
　　　　　followers　who　were　giving　their　lives　for　the　cause　of　his　family　he
　　　　　displayed　a　circumspection　which　was　characterised　by　them　with
　　　　　natural　warmth。

　　　　　〃Sire；　the　cowardice　of　your　brother　has　ruined　all；〃　so　Charette　is
　　　　　said　to　have　written　to　Louis　XVIII。＇

But　the　pretender　to　the　crown　of　France　had　not　yet　drained　his　cup　of
misfortune。　　After　the　18th　Fructidor　the　Directory　required　the　King　of
Prussia　to　send　away　Louis　XVIII。；　and　the　Cabinet　of　Berlin；　it　must　be
granted；　was　not　in　a　situation　to　oppose　the　desire　of　the　French
Government；　whose　wishes　were　commands。　　In　vain　Louis　XVIII。　sought　an
asylum　in　the　King　of　Saxony's　States。　　There　only　remained　Russia　that
durst　offer　a　last　refuge　to　the　descendant　of　Louis　XIV。　　Paul　I。；　who
was　always　in　extremes；　and　who　at　that　time　entertained　a　violent
feeling　of　hatred　towards　France；　earnestly　offered　Louis　XVIII。；　a
residence　at　Mittau。　　He　treated　him　with　the　honours　of　a　sovereign；
and　loaded　him　with　marks　of　attention　and　respect。　　Three　years　had
scarcely　passed　when　Paul　was　seized　with　mad　enthusiasm　for　the　man　who
twelve　years　later；　ravaged　his　ancient　capital；　and　Louis　XVIII。　found
himself　expelled　from　that　Prince's　territory　with　a　harshness　equal　to
the　kindness　with　which　he　had　at　first　been　received。

It　was　during；　his　three；　years'　residence　at　Mittau　that　Louis　XVIII。；
who　was　then　known　by　the　title　of　Comte　de　Lille；　wrote　to　the　First
Consul　those　letters　which　have　been　referred　to　in　these　Memoirs。
Prussia；　being　again　solicited；　at　length　consented　that　Louis　XVIII。
should　reside　at　Warsaw；　but　on　the　accession　of　Napoleon　to　the　Empire
the　Prince　quitted　that　residence　in　order　to　consult　respecting　his　new
situation　with　the　only　sovereign　who　had　not　deserted　him　in　his
misfortune；　viz。　the　King　of　Sweden。　　They　met　at　Colmar；　and　from　that
city　was　dated　the　protest　which　I　have　already　noticed。　　Louis　XVIII。
did　not　stay　long　in　the　States　of　the　King　of　Sweden。　　Russia　was　now　on
the　point　of　joining　her　eagles　with　those　of　Austria　to　oppose　the　new
eagles　of　imperial　France。　　Alexander　offered　to　the　Comte　de　Lille　the
asylum　which　Paul　had　granted　to　him　and　afterwards　withdrawn。　　Louis
XVIII。　accepted　the　offer；　but　after　the　peace　of　Tilsit；　fearing　lest
Alexander　might　imitate　the　second　act　of　his　father　as　well　as　the
first；　he　plainly　saw　that　he　must　give　up　all　intention　of　residing　on
the　Continent；　and　it　was　then　that　I　read　in　the　'Abeille　du　Nord'　the
article　before　alluded　to。　　There　is；　however；　one　fact　upon　which　I　must
insist；　because　I　know　it　to　be　true；　viz。　that　it　was　of　his　own　free
will　that　Louis　XVIII。　quitted　Mittau；　and　if　he　was　afraid　that
Alexander　would　imitate　his　father's　conduct　that　fear　was　without
foundation。　　The　truth　is；　that　Alexander　was　ignorant　even　of　the　King's
intention　to　go　away　until　he　heard　from　Baron　von　Driesen；　Governor　of
Mittau；　that　he　had　actually　departed。　　Having　now　stated　the　truth　on
this　point　I　have　to　correct　another　error；　if　indeed　it　be　only　an
error；　into　which　some　writers　have　fallen。　　It　has　been　falsely　alleged
that　the　King　left　Mittau　for　the　purpose　of　fomenting　fresh　troubles　in
France。　　The　friends　of　Louis　XVIII。；　who　advised　him　to　leave　Mittau；
had　great　hopes　from　the　last　war。　　They　cherished　still　greater　hopes
from　the　new　wars　which　Bonaparte's　ambition　could　not　fail　to　excite；
but　they　were　not　so　ill…informed　respecting　the　internal　condition　of
France　as　to　expect　that　disturbances　would　arise　there；　or　even　to
believe　in　the　possibility　of　fomenting　them。　　The　pear　was　not　yet　ripe
for　Louis　XVIII。

On　the　29th　of　November　the　contents　of　a　letter　which　had　arrived　from
London　by　way　of　Sweden　were　communicated　to　me。　　This　letter　was　dated
the　3d　of　November；　and　contained　some　particulars　respecting　the　Comte
de　Lille's　arrival　in　England。　　That　Prince　had　arrived　at　Yarmouth　on
the　31st　of　October　1807；　and　it　was　stated　that　the　King　was　obliged　to
wait　some　time　in　the　port　u