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also will hear their cry�察�and will save them;�拭。�Psalm cxlv。 19��。
This glory certainly cannot be attained by any works�察�but by
faith only。
〃From these considerations any one may clearly see how a Christian
man is free from all things�察�so that he needs no works in order
to be justified and saved�察�but receives these gifts in abundance
from faith alone。 Nay�察�were he so foolish as to pretend to be
justified�察�set free�察�saved�察�and made a Christian�察�by means of any
good work�察�he would immediately lose faith�察�with all its
benefits。 Such folly is prettily represented in the fable where a
dog�察�running along in the water and carrying in his mouth a real
piece of meat�察�is deceived by the reflection of the meat in the
water�察�and�察�in trying with open mouth to seize it�察�loses the meat
and its image at the same time。
Here you will ask�察 �If all who are in the Church are priests�察�by
what character are those whom we now call priests to be
distinguished from the laity�拭─�I reply�察�By the use of these
words�察 �priest�察─ �clergy�察─ ─�spiritual person�察─ �ecclesiastic�察─�
an injustice has been done�察�since they have been transferred from
the remaining body of Christians to those few who are now�察�by
hurtful custom�察�called ecclesiastics。 For Holy Scripture makes no
distinction between them�察�except that those who are now
boastfully called popes�察�bishops�察�and lords�察�it calls ministers�察�
servants�察�and stewards�察�who are to serve the rest in the ministry
of the word�察�for teaching the faith of Christ and the liberty of
believers。 For though it is true that we are all equally priests�察�
yet we cannot�察�nor�察�if we could�察�ought we all to�察�minister and
teach publicly。 Thus Paul says�察 �Let a man so account of us as of
the ministers of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God; ��1
Cor。 iv。 1��。
This bad system has now issued in such a pompous display of power
and such a terrible tyranny that no earthly government can be
compared to it�察�as if the laity were something else than
Christians。 Through this perversion of things it has happened
that the knowledge of Christian grace�察�of faith�察�of liberty�察�and
altogether of Christ�察�has utterly perished�察�and has been
succeeded by an intolerable bondage to human works and laws�察�and�察�
according to the Lamentations of Jeremiah�察�we have become the
slaves of the vilest men on earth�察�who abuse our misery to all
the disgraceful and ignominious purposes of their own will。
Returning to the subject which we had begun�察�I think it is made
clear by these considerations that it is not sufficient�察�nor a
Christian course�察�to preach the works�察�life�察�and words of Christ
in a historic manner�察�as facts which it suffices to know as an
example how to frame our life�察�as do those who are now held the
best preachers�察�and much less so to keep silence altogether on
these things and to teach in their stead the laws of men and the
decrees of the Fathers。 There are now not a few persons who
preach and read about Christ with the object of moving the human
affections to sympathise with Christ�察�to indignation against the
Jews�察�and other childish and womanish absurdities of that kind。
Now preaching ought to have the object of promoting faith in Him�察�
so that He may not only be Christ�察�but a Christ for you and for
me�察�and that what is said of Him�察�and what He is called�察�may work
in us。 And this faith is produced and is maintained by preaching
why Christ came�察�what He has brought us and given to us�察�and to
what profit and advantage He is to be received。 This is done when
the Christian liberty which we have from Christ Himself is
rightly taught�察�and we are shown in what manner all we Christians
are kings and priests�察�and how we are lords of all things�察�and
may be confident that whatever we do in the presence of God is
pleasing and acceptable to Him。
Whose heart would not rejoice in its inmost core at hearing these
things�拭�Whose heart�察�on receiving so great a consolation�察�would
not become sweet with the love of Christ�察�a love to which it can
never attain by any laws or works�拭�Who can injure such a heart�察�
or make it afraid�拭�If the consciousness of sin or the horror of
death rush in upon it�察�it is prepared to hope in the Lord�察�and is
fearless of such evils�察�and undisturbed�察�until it shall look down
upon its enemies。 For it believes that the righteousness of
Christ is its own�察�and that its sin is no longer its own�察�but
that of Christ�察�but�察�on account of its faith in Christ�察�all its
sin must needs be swallowed up from before the face of the
righteousness of Christ�察�as I have said above。 It learns�察�too�察�
with the Apostle�察�to scoff at death and sin�察�and to say�察 �O
death�察�where is thy sting�拭�O grave�察�where is thy victory�拭�The
sting of death is sin�察�and the strength of sin is the law。 But
thanks be to God�察�which giveth us the victory through our Lord
Jesus Christ; ��1 Cor。 xv。 55´57��。 For death is swallowed up in
victory�察�not only the victory of Christ�察�but ours also�察�since by
faith it becomes ours�察�and in it we too conquer。
Let it suffice to say this concerning the inner man and its
liberty�察�and concerning that righteousness of faith which needs
neither laws nor good works�察�nay�察�they are even hurtful to it�察�if
any one pretends to be justified by them。
And now let us turn to the other part�此�to the outward man。 Here
we shall give an answer to all those who�察�taking offence at the
word of faith and at what I have asserted�察�say�察 �If faith does
everything�察�and by itself suffices for justification�察�why then
are good works commanded�拭�Are we then to take our ease and do no
works�察�content with faith�拭─�Not so�察�impious men�察�I reply�察�not so。
That would indeed really be the case�察�if we were thoroughly and
completely inner and spiritual persons�察�but that will not happen
until the last day�察�when the dead shall be raised。 As long as we
live in the flesh�察�we are but beginning and making advances in
that which shall be completed in a future life。 On this account
the Apostle calls that which we have in this life the firstfruits
of the Spirit ��Rom。 viii。 23��。 In future we shall have the
tenths�察�and the fullness of the Spirit。 To this part belongs the
fact I have stated before�此�that the Christian is the servant of
all and subject to all。 For in that part in which he is free he
does no works�察�but in that in which he is a servant he does all
works。 Let us see on what principle this is so。
Although�察�as I have said�察�inwardly�察�and according to the spirit�察�
a man is amply enough justified by faith�察�having all that he
requires to have�察�except that this very faith and abundance ought
to increase from day to day�察�even till the future life�察�still he
remains in this mortal life upon earth�察�in which it is necessary
that he should rule his own body and have intercourse with men。
Here then works begin�察�here he must not take his ease�察�here he
must give heed to exercise his body by fastings�察�watchings�察�
labour�察�and other regular discipline�察�so that it may be subdued
to the spirit�察�and obey and conform itself to the inner man and
faith�察�and not rebel against them nor hinder them�察�as is its
nature to do if it is not kept under。 For the inner man�察�being
conformed to God and created after the image of God through
faith�察�rejoices and delights itself in Christ�察�in whom such
blessings have been conferred on it�察�and hence has only this task
before it�此�to serve God with joy and for nought in free love。
But in doing this he comes into collision with that contrary will
in his own flesh�察�which is striving to serve the world and to
seek its own gratification。 This the spirit of faith cannot and
will not bear�察�but applies itself with cheerfulness and zeal to
keep it down and restrain it�察�as Paul says�察 �I delight in the law
of God after the inward man�察�but I see another law in my members�察�
warring against the law of my mind and bringing me into captivity
to the law of sin; ��Rom。 vii。 22�察�23���察�and again�察 �I keep under
my body�察�and bring it unto subjection�察�lest that by any means�察�
when I have preached to others�察�I myself should be a castaway; ��1
Cor。 ix。 27���察�and ;They that are Christ's have crucified the
flesh�察�with the affections and lusts; ��Gal。 v。 24��。
These works�察�however�察�must not be done with any notion that by
them a man can be justified before God�for faith�察�which alone is
righteousness before God�察�will not bear with this false
notionbut solely with this purpose�此�that the body may be
brought into subjection�察�and be purified from its evil lusts�察�so
that our eyes may be turned only to purging away those lusts。 For
when the soul has been cleansed by faith and made to love God�察�it
would have all things to be cleansed in like manner�察�and
especially its own body�察�so that all things might unite with it
in the love and praise of God。 Thus it comes that�察�from the
requirements of his own body�察�a man cannot take his ease�察�but is
compelled on its account to do many good works�察�that he may bring
it into subjection。 Yet these works are not the means of his
justification before God�察�he does them out of disinterested love
to the service of God�察�looking to no other end than to do what is
well´pleasing to Him whom he desires to obey most dutifully in
all things。
On this principle every man may easily instruct himself in what
measure�察�and with what distinctions�察�he ought to chasten his own
body。 He will fast�察�watch�察�and labour�察�just as much as he sees to
suffice for keeping down the wantonness and concupiscence of the
body。 But those who pretend to be justified by works are looking�察�
not to the mortification of their lusts�察�but only to the works
themselves�察�thinking that�察�if they can accomplish as many works
and as great ones as possible�察�all is well with them�察�and they
are justified。 Sometimes they even injure their brain�察�and
extinguish nature�察�or at least make it useless。 This is enormous
folly�察�and ignorance of Christian life and faith�察�when a man
seeks�察�without faith�察�to be justified and saved by works。
To make what we have said more easily understood�察�let us set it
forth under a figure。 The works of a Christian man�察�who is
justifie
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