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de profundis-及4何蛍
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art。
Behind joy and laughter there may be a temperament�察�coarse�察�hard
and callous。 But behind sorrow there is always sorrow。 Pain�察�
unlike pleasure�察�wears no mask。 Truth in art is not any
correspondence between the essential idea and the accidental
existence�察�it is not the resemblance of shape to shadow�察�or of the
form mirrored in the crystal to the form itself�察�it is no echo
coming from a hollow hill�察�any more than it is a silver well of
water in the valley that shows the moon to the moon and Narcissus
to Narcissus。 Truth in art is the unity of a thing with itself�此 �
the outward rendered expressive of the inward�此 �the soul made
incarnate�此 �the body instinct with spirit。 For this reason there
is no truth comparable to sorrow。 There are times when sorrow
seems to me to be the only truth。 Other things may be illusions of
the eye or the appetite�察�made to blind the one and cloy the other�察�
but out of sorrow have the worlds been built�察�and at the birth of a
child or a star there is pain。
More than this�察�there is about sorrow an intense�察�an extraordinary
reality。 I have said of myself that I was one who stood in
symbolic relations to the art and culture of my age。 There is not
a single wretched man in this wretched place along with me who does
not stand in symbolic relation to the very secret of life。 For the
secret of life is suffering。 It is what is hidden behind
everything。 When we begin to live�察�what is sweet is so sweet to
us�察�and what is bitter so bitter�察�that we inevitably direct all our
desires towards pleasures�察�and seek not merely for a 'month or
twain to feed on honeycomb��' but for all our years to taste no
other food�察�ignorant all the while that we may really be starving
the soul。
I remember talking once on this subject to one of the most
beautiful personalities I have ever known�此 �a woman�察�whose sympathy
and noble kindness to me�察�both before and since the tragedy of my
imprisonment�察�have been beyond power and description�察�one who has
really assisted me�察�though she does not know it�察�to bear the burden
of my troubles more than any one else in the whole world has�察�and
all through the mere fact of her existence�察�through her being what
she is ´ partly an ideal and partly an influence�此 �a suggestion of
what one might become as well as a real help towards becoming it�察�a
soul that renders the common air sweet�察�and makes what is spiritual
seem as simple and natural as sunlight or the sea�此 �one for whom
beauty and sorrow walk hand in hand�察�and have the same message。 On
the occasion of which I am thinking I recall distinctly how I said
to her that there was enough suffering in one narrow London lane to
show that God did not love man�察�and that wherever there was any
sorrow�察�though but that of a child�察�in some little garden weeping
over a fault that it had or had not committed�察�the whole face of
creation was completely marred。 I was entirely wrong。 She told me
so�察�but I could not believe her。 I was not in the sphere in which
such belief was to be attained to。 Now it seems to me that love of
some kind is the only possible explanation of the extraordinary
amount of suffering that there is in the world。 I cannot conceive
of any other explanation。 I am convinced that there is no other�察�
and that if the world has indeed�察�as I have said�察�been built of
sorrow�察�it has been built by the hands of love�察�because in no other
way could the soul of man�察�for whom the world was made�察�reach the
full stature of its perfection。 Pleasure for the beautiful body�察�
but pain for the beautiful soul。
When I say that I am convinced of these things I speak with too
much pride。 Far off�察�like a perfect pearl�察�one can see the city of
God。 It is so wonderful that it seems as if a child could reach it
in a summer's day。 And so a child could。 But with me and such as
me it is different。 One can realise a thing in a single moment�察�
but one loses it in the long hours that follow with leaden feet。
It is so difficult to keep 'heights that the soul is competent to
gain。' We think in eternity�察�but we move slowly through time�察�and
how slowly time goes with us who lie in prison I need not tell
again�察�nor of the weariness and despair that creep back into one's
cell�察�and into the cell of one's heart�察�with such strange
insistence that one has�察�as it were�察�to garnish and sweep one's
house for their coming�察�as for an unwelcome guest�察�or a bitter
master�察�or a slave whose slave it is one's chance or choice to be。
And�察�though at present my friends may find it a hard thing to
believe�察�it is true none the less�察�that for them living in freedom
and idleness and comfort it is more easy to learn the lessons of
humility than it is for me�察�who begin the day by going down on my
knees and washing the floor of my cell。 For prison life with its
endless privations and restrictions makes one rebellious。 The most
terrible thing about it is not that it breaks one's heart ´ hearts
are made to be broken ´ but that it turns one's heart to stone。
One sometimes feels that it is only with a front of brass and a lip
of scorn that one can get through the day at all。 And he who is in
a state of rebellion cannot receive grace�察�to use the phrase of
which the Church is so fond ´ so rightly fond�察�I dare say ´ for in
life as in art the mood of rebellion closes up the channels of the
soul�察�and shuts out the airs of heaven。 Yet I must learn these
lessons here�察�if I am to learn them anywhere�察�and must be filled
with joy if my feet are on the right road and my face set towards
'the gate which is called beautiful��' though I may fall many times
in the mire and often in the mist go astray。
This New Life�察�as through my love of Dante I like sometimes to call
it�察�is of course no new life at all�察�but simply the continuance�察�by
means of development�察�and evolution�察�of my former life。 I remember
when I was at Oxford saying to one of my friends as we were
strolling round Magdalen's narrow bird´haunted walks one morning in
the year before I took my degree�察�that I wanted to eat of the fruit
of all the trees in the garden of the world�察�and that I was going
out into the world with that passion in my soul。 And so�察�indeed�察�I
went out�察�and so I lived。 My only mistake was that I confined
myself so exclusively to the trees of what seemed to me the sun´lit
side of the garden�察�and shunned the other side for its shadow and
its gloom。 Failure�察�disgrace�察�poverty�察�sorrow�察�despair�察�suffering�察�
tears even�察�the broken words that come from lips in pain�察�remorse
that makes one walk on thorns�察�conscience that condemns�察�self´
abasement that punishes�察�the misery that puts ashes on its head�察�
the anguish that chooses sack´cloth for its raiment and into its
own drink puts gall�此� all these were things of which I was afraid。
And as I had determined to know nothing of them�察�I was forced to
taste each of them in turn�察�to feed on them�察�to have for a season�察�
indeed�察�no other food at all。
I don't regret for a single moment having lived for pleasure。 I
did it to the full�察�as one should do everything that one does。
There was no pleasure I did not experience。 I threw the pearl of
my soul into a cup of wine。 I went down the primrose path to the
sound of flutes。 I lived on honeycomb。 But to have continued the
same life would have been wrong because it would have been
limiting。 I had to pass on。 The other half of the garden had its
secrets for me also。 Of course all this is foreshadowed and
prefigured in my books。 Some of it is in THE HAPPY PRINCE�察�some of
it in THE YOUNG KING�察�notably in the passage where the bishop says
to the kneeling boy�察�'Is not He who made misery wiser than thou
art'�拭�a phrase which when I wrote it seemed to me little more than
a phrase�察�a great deal of it is hidden away in the note of doom
that like a purple thread runs through the texture of DORIAN GRAY�察�
in THE CRITIC AS ARTIST it is set forth in many colours�察�in THE
SOUL OF MAN it is written down�察�and in letters too easy to read�察�it
is one of the refrains whose recurring MOTIFS make SALOME so like a
piece of music and bind it together as a ballad�察�in the prose poem
of the man who from the bronze of the image of the 'Pleasure that
liveth for a moment' has to make the image of the 'Sorrow that
abideth for ever' it is incarnate。 It could not have been
otherwise。 At every single moment of one's life one is what one is
going to be no less than what one has been。 Art is a symbol�察�
because man is a symbol。
It is�察�if I can fully attain to it�察�the ultimate realisation of the
artistic life。 For the artistic life is simply self´development。
Humility in the artist is his frank acceptance of all experiences�察�
just as love in the artist is simply the sense of beauty that
reveals to the world its body and its soul。 In MARIUS THE
EPICUREAN Pater seeks to reconcile the artistic life with the life
of religion�察�in the deep�察�sweet�察�and austere sense of the word。
But Marius is little more than a spectator�此 �an ideal spectator
indeed�察�and one to whom it is given 'to contemplate the spectacle
of life with appropriate emotions��' which Wordsworth defines as the
poet's true aim�察�yet a spectator merely�察�and perhaps a little too
much occupied with the comeliness of the benches of the sanctuary
to notice that it is the sanctuary of sorrow that he is gazing at。
I see a far more intimate and immediate connection between the true
life of Christ and the true life of the artist�察�and I take a keen
pleasure in the reflection that long before sorrow had made my days
her own and bound me to her wheel I had written in THE SOUL OF MAN
that he who would lead a Christ´like life must be entirely and
absolutely himself�察�and had taken as my types not merely the
shepherd on the hills
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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