memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v11-第10部分

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and　gave　me　orders　to　arrest　and　bring　to　Paris　the　infamous　writer　of
the　letter；　and　you　may　rely　upon　it　his　orders　shall　be　promptly
obeyed。〃

Savary；　as　he　had　said；　instantly　despatched　orders　for　the　arrest　of　the
writer；　whom　he　directed　to　be　sent　to　France。　　On　his　arrival　he　was
interrogated　respecting　the　letter。　　He　declared　that　he　had　written　it
at　the　instigation　and　under　the　dictation　of　Marshal　Davoust；　for　doing
which　he　received　a　small　sum　of　money　as　a　reward。　　He　also　confessed
that　when　the　letter　was　put　into　the　post　the　Prince　of　Eckmuhl　ordered
the　Director　of　the　Post　to　open　it；　take　a　copy；　then　seal　it　again；　and
send　it　to　its　addressthat　is　to　say；　to　meand　the　copy　to　the
Emperor。　　The　writer　of　the　letter　was　banished　to　Marseilles；　or　to　the
Island　of　Hyeres；　but　the　individual　who　dictated　it　continued　a　Marshal；
a　Prince；　and　a　Governor…General；　and　still　looked　forward　to　the
Viceroyalty　of　Poland！　　Such　was　the　discriminating　justice　of　the
Empire；　and　Davoust　continued　his　endeavours　to　revenge　himself　by　other
calumnies　for　my　not　having　considered　him　a　man　of　talent。　　I　must　do
the　Duc　de　Rovigo　the　justice　to　say　that；　though　his　fidelity　to
Napoleon　was　as　it　always　had　been；　boundless；　yet　whilst　he　executed　the
Emperor's　orders　he　endeavoured　to　make　him　acquainted　with　the　truth；　as
was　proved　by　his　conduct　in　the　case　I　have　just　mentioned。　　He　was　much
distressed　by　the　sort　of　terror　which　his　appointment　had　excited　in　the
public；　and　he　acknowledged　to　me　that　he　intended　to　restore　confidence
by　a　more　mild　system　than　that　of　his　predecessor。　　I　had　observed
formerly　that　Savary　did　not　coincide　in　the　opinion　I　had　always
entertained　of　Fouche；　but　when　once　the　Due　de　Rovigo　endeavoured　to
penetrate　the　labyrinth　of　police；　counter…police；　inspections　and
hierarchies　of　espionage；　he　found　they　were　all　bugbears　which　Fouche
had　created　to　alarm　the　Emperor；　as　gardeners　put　up　scarecrows　among
the　fruit…trees　to　frighten　away　the　sparrows。　　Thus；　thanks　to　the
artifices　of　Fouche；　the　eagle　was　frightened　as　easily　as　the　sparrows；
until　the　period　when　the　Emperor；　convinced　that　Fouche　was　maintaining
a　correspondence　with　England　through　the　agency　of　Ouvrard；　dismissed
him。

I　saw　with　pleasure　that　Savary；　the　Minister　of　Police；　wished　to
simplify　the　working　of　his　administration；　and　to　gradually　diminish
whatever　was　annoying　in　it；　but；　whatever　might　be　his　intentions；　he
was　not　always　free　to　act。　　I　acknowledge　that　when　I　read　his　Memoirs　I
saw　with　great　impatience　that　in　many　matters　he　had　voluntarily　assumed
responsibilities　for　acts　which　a　word　from　him　might　have　attributed　to
their　real　author。　　However　this　may　be；　what　much　pleased　me　in　Savary
was　the　wish　he　showed　to　learn　the　real　truth　in　order　to　tell　it　to
Napoleon。　　He　received　from　the　Emperor　more　than　one　severe　rebuff。
This　came　from　the　fact　that　since　the　immense　aggrandisement　of　the
Empire　the　ostensible　Ministers；　instead　of　rising　in　credit；　had　seen
their　functions　diminish　by　degrees。　　Thus　proposals　for　appointments　to
the　higher　grades　of　the　army　came　from　the　cabinet　of　Berthier；　and　not
from　that　of　the　Minister…of…War。　　Everything　which　concerned　any　part　of
the　government　of　the　Interior　or　of　the　Exterior；　except　for　the
administration　of　War　and　perhaps　for　that　of　Finance；　had　its　centre　in
the　cabinet　of　M。　Maret；　certainly　an　honest　man；　but　whose　facility　in
saying　〃All　is　right；〃　so　much　helped　to　make　all　wrong。

The　home　trade；　manufactures；　and　particularly　several　of　the　Parisian
firms　were　in　a　state　of　distress　the　more　hurtful　as　it　contrasted　so
singularly　with　the　splendour　of　the　Imperial　Court　since　the　marriage　of
Napoleon　with　Maria　Louisa。　　In　this　state　of　affairs　a　chorus　of
complaints　reached　the　ears　of　the　Duc　de　Rovigo　every　day。　　I　must　say
that　Savary　was　never　kinder　to　me　than　since　my　disgrace；　he　nourished
my　hope　of　getting　Napoleon　to　overcome　the　prejudices　against　me　with
which　the　spirit　of　vengeance　had　inspired　him；　and　I　know　for　certain
that　Savary　returned　to　the　charge　more　than　once　to　manage　this。　　The
Emperor　listened　without　anger；　did　not　blame　him　for　the　closeness　of
our　intimacy；　and　even　said　to　him　some　obliging　but　insignificant　words
about　me。　　This　gave　time　for　new　machinations　against　me；　and　to　fill
him　with　fresh　doubts　when　he　had　almost　overcome　his　former；　ideas。




CHAPTER　XXV。

　　　　　M。　CzernischeffDissimulation　of　NapoleonNapoleon　and　Alexander
　　　　　Josephine's　foresight　respecting　the　affairs　of　SpainMy　visits　to
　　　　　MalmaisonGrief　of　JosephineTears　and　the　toiletVast　extent　of
　　　　　the　EmpireList　of　persons　condemned　to　death　and　banishment　in
　　　　　PiedmontObservation　of　Alfieri　respecting　the　SpaniardsSuccess
　　　　　in　SpainCheck　of　Massena　in　PortugalMoney　lavished　by　the
　　　　　EnglishBertrand　sent　to　Illyria；　and　Marmont　to　Portugal
　　　　　Situation　of　the　French　armyAssembling　of　the　CortesEurope
　　　　　sacrificed　to　the　Continental　systemConversation　with　Murat　in　the
　　　　　Champs　ElyseesNew　titles　and　old　namesNapoleon's　dislike　of
　　　　　literary　menOdes；　etc。；　on　the　marriage　of　NapoleonChateaubriand
　　　　　and　LemereierDeath　of　ChenierChateaubriand　elected　his　successor
　　　　　His　discourse　read　by　NapoleonBonaparte　compared　to　Nero…
　　　　　Suppression　of　the　'Merceure'M。　de　Chateaubriand　ordered　to　leave
　　　　　ParisMM。　Lemercier　and　Esmenard　presented　to　the　EmperorBirth　of
　　　　　the　King　of　RomeFrance　in　1811。

Since　my　return　to　France　I　had　heard　much　of　the　intrigues　of　M。
Czernischeff；　an　aide　de　camp　of　the　Emperor　of　Russia；　who；　under　the
pretest　of　being　frequently　sent　to　compliment　Napoleon　on　the　part　of
the　Emperor　Alexander；　performed；　in　fact；　the　office　of　a　spy。　　The
conduct　of　Napoleon　with　regard　to　M。　Czernischeff　at　that　period　struck
me　as　singular；　especially　after　the　intelligence　which　before　my
departure　from　Hamburg　I　had　transmitted　to　him　respecting　the
dissatisfaction　of　Russia　and　her　hostile　inclinations。　　It　is　therefore
clear　to　me　that　Bonaparte　was　well　aware　of　the　real　object　of　M。
Czernischeffs　mission；　and　that　if　he　appeared　to　give　credit　to　the
increasing　professions　of　his　friendship　it　was　only　because　he　still
wished；　as　he　formerly　did；　that　Russia　might　so　far　commit　herself　as　to
afford　him　a　fair　pretext　for　the　commencement；　of　hostilities　in　the
north。

M。　Czernischeff　first　arrived　in　Paris　shortly　after　the　interview　at
Erfurt；　and　after　that　period　was　almost　constantly　on　the　road　between
Paris　and　St。　Petersburg；　it　has　been　computed　that　in　the　space　of　less
than　four　years　he　travelled　more　than　10；000　leagues。　　For　a　long　time
his　frequent　journeyings　excited　no　surmises；　but　while　I　was　in　Paris
Savary　began　to　entertain　suspicions；　the　correctness　of　which　it　was　not
difficult　to　ascertain；　so　formidable　was　still　the　system　of　espionage；
notwithstanding　the　precaution　taken　by　Fouche　to　conceal　from　his
successor　the　names　of　his　most　efficient　spies。　　It　was　known　that　M。
Czernischeff　was　looking　out　for　a　professor　of　mathematics；doubtless
to　disguise　the　real　motives　for　his　stay　in　Paris　by　veiling　them　under
the　desire　of　studying　the　sciences。　　The　confidant　of　Alexander　had
applied　to　a　professor　connected　with　a　public　office；　and　from　that　time
all　the　steps　of　M。　Czermseheff　were　known　to　the　police。　　It　was
discovered　that　he　was　less　anxious　to　question　his　instructor　respecting
the　equations　of　a　degree；　or　the　value　of　unknown　quantities；　than　to
gain　all　the　information　he　could　about　the　different　branches　of　the
administration；　and　particularly　the　department　of　war。　　It　happened　that
the　professor　knew　some　individuals　employed　in　the　public　offices；　who
furnished　him　with　intelligence；　which　he　in　turn　communicated　to　M。
Czernischeff；　but　not　without　making　a　report　of　it　to　the　police；
according　to　custom；　instead　of　putting　an　end　to　this　intrigue　at　once
it　was　suffered　fully　to　develop　itself。　　Napoleon　was　informed　of　what
was　going　on；　and　in　this　instance　gave　a　new　proof　of　his　being　an　adept
in　the　art　of　dissimulation；　for；　instead　of　testifying　any　displeasure
against　M。　Czernischeff；　he　continued　to　receive　him　with　the　same　marks
of　favour　which　he　had　shown　to　him　during　his　former　missions　to　Paris。
Being；　nevertheless；　desirous　to　get　rid　of　him；　without　evincing　a
suspicion　that　his　clandestine　proceedings　had　been　discovered；　he
entrusted　him　with　a　friendly　letter　to　his　brother　of　Russia；　but
Alexander　was　in　such　haste　to　reply　to　the　flattering　missive　of　his
brother　of　France　that　M。　Czernischeff　was　hurried　back　to　Paris；　having
scarcely　been　suffered　to　enter　the　gates　of　St。　Petersburg。　　I　believe　I
am　correct　in　the　idea　that　Napoleon　was　not　really　displeased　at　the
intrigues　of　M。　Czernischeff；　from　the　supposition　that　they　afforded　an
indication　of　the　hostile　intentions　of　Russia　towards　France；　for；
whatever　he　might　say　on　this　subject　to　his　confidants；　what　reliance
can　we　place　on　the　man　who　formed　the　camp　of　Boulogne　without　the　most
distant　intention　of　attempting　a　descent　upon　England；　and　who　had
deceived　the　whole　world　respecting　that　important　affair　without　taking
any　one　into　his　own　confidence？

During　the　period　of　my　stay　in　Paris　the　war　with　Spain　and　Portugal
occupied　much　of　the　public　attention；　and　it　proved　in　the　end　an
enterprise　upon　which　the　intuition　of　Josephine　had　not　deceived　her。
In　general　she　intermeddled　little　with　political　affairs；　in　the　first
place；　because　her　doing　so　would　have　given　offence　to　Napoleon；　and
next；　because　her　natural　frivolity　led　her　to　give　a　preference　to
lighter　pursuits。　　But　I　may　safely　affirm　that　she　was　endowed　with　an
instinct　so　perfect　as　seldom　to　be　deceived　respecting　the　good　or　evil
tendency　of　any　measure　which　Napoleon　engaged　in；　and　I　remember　she
told　me　that　when　informed　of　the　intention　of　the　Emperor　to　bestow　the
throne　of　Spain　on　Joseph；　she　was　seized　with　a　feeling　of　indescribable
alarm。　　It　would　be　difficult　to　define　that　instinctive　feeling　which
le