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酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
solemn prayers to God in a set form of words�察�and these are so
composed�察�that whatsoever is pronounced by the whole assembly may
be likewise applied by every man in particular to his own
condition�察�in these they acknowledge God to be the author and
governor of the world�察�and the fountain of all the good they
receive�察�and therefore offer up to Him their thanksgiving�察�and in
particular bless Him for His goodness in ordering it so that they
are born under the happiest government in the world�察�and are of a
religion which they hope is the truest of all others�此�but if they
are mistaken�察�and if there is either a better government or a
religion more acceptable to God�察�they implore Him goodness to let
them know it�察�vowing that they resolve to follow Him whithersoever
He leads them。 But if their government is the best and their
religion the truest�察�then they pray that He may fortify them in
it�察�and bring all the world both to the same rules of life�察�and to
the same opinions concerning Himself�察�unless�察�according to the
unsearchableness of His mind�察�He is pleased with a variety of
religions。 Then they pray that God may give them an easy passage
at last to Himself�察�not presuming to set limits to Him�察�how early
or late it should be�察�but if it may be wished for�察�without
derogating from His supreme authority�察�they desire to be quickly
delivered�察�and to be taken to Himself�察�though by the most terrible
kind of death�察�rather than to be detained long from seeing Him by
the most prosperous course of life。 When this prayer is ended�察�
they all fall down again upon the ground�察�and after a little while
they rise up�察�go home to dinner�察�and spend the rest of the day in
diversion or military exercises。
Thus have I described to you�察�as particularly as I could�察�the
constitution of that commonwealth�察�which I do not only think the
best in the world�察�but indeed the only commonwealth that truly
deserves that name。 In all other places it is visible�察�that while
people talk of a commonwealth�察�every man only seeks his own
wealth�察�but there�察�where no man has any property�察�all men
zealously pursue the good of the public�此�and�察�indeed�察�it is no
wonder to see men act so differently�察�for in other commonwealths�察�
every man knows that unless he provides for himself�察�how
flourishing soever the commonwealth may be�察�he must die of hunger�察�
so that he sees the necessity of preferring his own concerns to
the public�察�but in Utopia�察�where every man has a right to
everything�察�they all know that if care is taken to keep the public
stores full�察�no private man can want anything�察�for among them
there is no unequal distribution�察�so that no man is poor�察�none in
necessity�察�and though no man has anything�察�yet they are all rich�察�
for what can make a man so rich as to lead a serene and cheerful
life�察�free from anxieties�察�neither apprehending want himself�察�nor
vexed with the endless complaints of his wife�拭�He is not afraid of
the misery of his children�察�nor is he contriving how to raise a
portion for his daughters�察�but is secure in this�察�that both he and
his wife�察�his children and grandchildren�察�to as many generations
as he can fancy�察�will all live both plentifully and happily�察�since
among them there is no less care taken of those who were once
engaged in labor�察�but grow afterward unable to follow it�察�than
there is elsewhere of these that continue still employed。
I would gladly hear any man compare the justice that is among them
with that of all other nations�察�among whom�察�may I perish�察�if I see
anything that looks either like justice or equity�此�for what
justice is there in this�察�that a nobleman�察�a goldsmith�察�a banker�察�
or any other man�察�that either does nothing at all�察�or at best is
employed in things that are of no use to the public�察�should live
in great luxury and splendor�察�upon what is so ill acquired�察�and a
mean man�察�a carter�察�a smith�察�or a ploughman�察�that works harder
even than the beasts themselves�察�and is employed in labors so
necessary�察�that no commonwealth could hold out a year without
them�察�can only earn so poor a livelihood�察�and must lead so
miserable a life�察�that the condition of the beasts is much better
than theirs�拭�For as the beasts do not work so constantly�察�so they
feed almost as well�察�and with more pleasure�察�and have no anxiety
about what is to come�察�whilst these men are depressed by a barren
and fruitless employment�察�and tormented with the apprehensions of
want in their old age�察�since that which they get by their daily
labor does but maintain them at present�察�and is consumed as fast
as it comes in�察�there is no overplus left to lay up for old age。
Is not that government both unjust and ungrateful�察�that is so
prodigal of its favors to those that are called gentlemen�察�or
goldsmiths�察�or such others who are idle�察�or live either by
flattery�察�or by contriving the arts of vain pleasure�察�and on the
other hand�察�takes no care of those of a meaner sort�察�such as
ploughmen�察�colliers�察�and smiths�察�without whom it could not
subsist�拭�But after the public has reaped all the advantage of
their service�察�and they come to be oppressed with age�察�sickness�察�
and want�察�all their labors and the good they have done is
forgotten�察�and all the recompense given them is that they are left
to die in great misery。 The richer sort are often endeavoring to
bring the hire of laborers lower�察�not only by their fraudulent
practices�察�but by the laws which they procure to be made to that
effect�察�so that though it is a thing most unjust in itself�察�to
give such small rewards to those who deserve so well of the
public�察�yet they have given those hardships the name and color of
justice�察�by procuring laws to be made for regulating them。
Therefore I must say that�察�as I hope for mercy�察�I can have no
other notion of all the other governments that I see or know�察�than
that they are a conspiracy of the rich�察�who on pretence of
managing the public only pursue their private ends�察�and devise all
the ways and arts they can find out�察�first�察�that they may�察�without
danger�察�preserve all that they have so ill acquired�察�and then that
they may engage the poor to toil and labor for them at as low
rates as possible�察�and oppress them as much as they please。 And if
they can but prevail to get these contrivances established by the
show of public authority�察�which is considered as the
representative of the whole people�察�then they are accounted laws。
Yet these wicked men after they have�察�by a most insatiable
covetousness�察�divided that among themselves with which all the
rest might have been well supplied�察�are far from that happiness
that is enjoyed among the Utopians�此�for the use as well as the
desire of money being extinguished�察�much anxiety and great
occasions of mischief is cut off with it。 And who does not see
that the frauds�察�thefts�察�robberies�察�quarrels�察�tumults�察�
contentions�察�seditions�察�murders�察�treacheries�察�and witchcrafts�察�
which are indeed rather punished than restrained by the severities
of law�察�would all fall off�察�if money were not any more valued by
the world�拭�Men's fears�察�solicitudes�察�cares�察�labors�察�and watchings�察�
would all perish in the same moment with the value of money�此�even
poverty itself�察�for the relief of which money seems most
necessary�察�would fall。 But�察�in order to the apprehending this
aright�察�take one instance。
Consider any year that has been so unfruitful that many thousands
have died of hunger�察�and yet if at the end of that year a survey
was made of the granaries of all the rich men that have hoarded up
the corn�察�it would be found that there was enough among them to
have prevented all that consumption of men that perished in
misery�察�and that if it had been distributed among them�察�none would
have felt the terrible effects of that scarcity�察�so easy a thing
would it be to supply all the necessities of life�察�if that blessed
thing called money�察�which is pretended to be invented for
procuring them�察�was not really the only thing that obstructed
their being procured��
I do not doubt but rich men are sensible of this�察�and that they
well know how much a greater happiness it is to want nothing
necessary than to abound in many superfluities�察�and to be rescued
out of so much misery than to abound with so much wealth�察�and I
cannot think but the sense of every man's interest�察�added to the
authority of Christ's commands�察�who as He was infinitely wise�察�
knew what was best�察�and was not less good in discovering it to us�察�
would have drawn all the world over to the laws of the Utopians�察�
if pride�察�that plague of human nature�察�that source of so much
misery�察�did not hinder it�察�for this vice does not measure
happiness so much by its own conveniences as by the miseries of
others�察�and would not be satisfied with being th
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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