嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
an account of egypt(娃式芝)-及23何蛍
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
called Prosopitis�察 �and the half of Natho��of these districts are the
Hermotybians�察�who reached when most numerous the number of sixteen
myriads。 Of these not one has been learnt anything of handicraft�察�but they
are given up to war entirely。 Again the districts of the Calasirians are those
of Thebes�察 �Bubastis�察 �Aphthis�察 �Tanis�察 �Mendes�察 �Sebennytos�察 �Athribis�察�
Pharbaithos�察 �Thmuis�察 �Onuphis�察 �Anytis�察 �Myecphoris��this last is on an
island opposite to the city of Bubastis。 These are the districts of the
Calasirians�察 �and they reached�察 �when most numerous�察 �to the number of
five´and´twenty myriads of men�察�nor is it lawful for these�察�any more than
for the others�察�to practise any craft�察�but they practise that which has to do
with war only�察 �handing down the tradition from father to son。 Now
whether the Hellenes have learnt this also from the Egyptians�察 �I am not
able to say for certain�察�since I see that the Thracians also and Scythians
and Persians and Lydians and almost all the Barbarians esteem those of
78
´ Page 79´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
their citizens who learn the arts�察 �and the descendants of them�察 �as less
honourable than the rest�察�while those who have got free from all practice
of manual arts are accounted noble�察�and especially those who are devoted
to war�此 �however that may be�察 �the Hellenes have all learnt this�察 �and
especially the Lacedemonians�察�but the Corinthians least of all cast slight
upon those who practise handicraft。
The following privilege was specially granted to this class and to none
others of the Egyptians except the priests�察 �that is to say�察 �each man had
twelve yokes of land specially granted to him free from imposts�此�now the
yoke of land measures a hundred Egyptian cubits every way�察 �and the
Egyptian cubit is�察�as it happens�察�equal to that of Samos。 This�察�I say�察�was a
special privilege granted to all�察 �and they also had certain advantages in
turn and not the same men twice�察 �that is to say�察 �a thousand of the
Calasirians and a thousand of the Hermotybians acted as body´guard to the
king during each year�察 �and these had besides their yokes of land an
allowance given them for each day of five pounds weight of bread to each
man�察�and two pounds of beef�察 �and four half´pints of wine。 This was the
allowance given to those who were serving as the king's body´guard for
the time being。
So when Apries leading his foreign mercenaries�察 �and Amasis at the
head of the whole body of the Egyptians�察�in their approach to one another
had come to the city of Momemphis�察�they engaged in battle�此�and although
the foreign troops fought well�察 �yet being much inferior in number they
were worsted by reason of this。 But Apries is said to have supposed that
not even a god would be able to cause him to cease from his rule�察 �so
firmly did he think that it was established。 In that battle then�察�I say�察�he was
worsted�察�and being taken alive was brought away to the city of Sais�察�to that
which had formerly been his own dwelling but from thenceforth was the
palace of Amasis。 There for some time he was kept in the palace�察 �and
Amasis dealt well with him but at last�察�since the Egyptians blamed him�察�
saying that he acted not rightly in keeping alive him who was the greatest
foe both to themselves and to him�察�therefore he delivered Apries over to
the Egyptians�察 �and they strangled him�察 �and after that buried him in the
burial´place of his fathers�此 �this is in the temple of Athene�察 �close to the
79
´ Page 80´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
sanctuary�察�on the left hand as you enter。 Now the men of Sais buried all
those of this district who had been kings�察�within the temple�察�for the tomb
of Amasis also�察�though it is further from the sanctuary than that of Apries
and his forefathers�察 �yet this too is within the court of the temple�察 �and it
consists of a colonnade of stone of great size�察�with pillars carved to imitate
date´palms�察�and otherwise sumptuously adorned�察�and within the colonnade
are double doors�察�and inside the doors a sepulchral chamber。 Also at Sais
there is the burial´place of him whom I account it not pious to name in
connexion with such a matter�察�which is in the temple of Athene behind the
house of the goddess�察 �stretching along the whole wall of it�察 �and in the
sacred enclosure stand great obelisks of stone�察 �and near them is a lake
adorned with an edging of stone and fairly made in a circle�察�being in size�察�
as it seemed to me�察�equal to that which is called the ;Round Pool; in Delos。
On this lake they perform by night the show of his sufferings�察�and this the
Egyptians call Mysteries。 Of these things I know more fully in detail how
they take place�察�but I shall leave this unspoken�察�and of the mystic rites of
Demeter�察�which the Hellenes call /thesmophoria/�察�of these also�察�although I
know�察�I shall leave unspoken all except so much as piety permits me to tell。
The daughters of Danaos were they who brought this rite out of Egypt and
taught it to the women of the Pelasgians�察 �then afterwards when all the
inhabitants of Peloponnese were driven out by the Dorians�察 �the rite was
lost�察�and only those who were left behind of the Peloponnesians and not
driven out�察�that is to say the Arcadians�察�preserved it。
Apries having thus been overthrown�察�Amasis became king�察 �being of
the district of Sais�察�and the name of the city whence he was is Siuph。 Now
at the first the Egyptians despised Amasis and held him in no great regard�察�
because he had been a man of the people and was of no distinguished
family�察�but afterwards Amasis won them over to himself by wisdom and
not wilfulness。 Among innumerable other things of price which he had�察�
there was a foot´basin of gold in which both Amasis himself and all his
guests were wont always to wash their feet。 This he broke up�察�and of it he
caused to be made the image of a god�察�and set it up in the city�察�where it
was most convenient�察 �and the Egyptians went continually to visit the
image and did great reverence to it。 Then Amasis�察�having learnt that which
80
´ Page 81´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
was done by the men of the city�察�called together the Egyptians and made
known to them the matter�察�saying that the image had been produced from
the foot´basin�察�into which formerly the Egyptians used to vomit and make
water�察 �and in which they washed their feet�察 �whereas now they did to it
great reverence�察�and just so�察�he continued�察�had he himself now fared�察�as
the foot´basin�察�for though formerly he was a man of the people�察�yet now
he was their king�察 �and he bade them accordingly honour him and have
regard for him。 In such manner he won the Egyptians to himself�察�so that
they consented to be his subjects�察�and his ordering of affairs was this��In
the early morning�察 �and until the time of the filling of the market he did
with a good will the business which was brought before him�察�but after this
he passed the time in drinking and in jesting at his boon´companions�察�and
was frivolous and playful。 And his friends being troubled at it admonished
him in some such words as these�此 �O king�察�thou dost not rightly govern
thyself in thus letting thyself descend to behaviour so trifling�察 �for thou
oughtest rather to have been sitting throughout the day stately upon a
stately throne and administering thy business�察�and so the Egyptians would
have been assured that they were ruled by a great man�察�and thou wouldest
have had a better report�此 �but as it is�察 �thou art acting by no means in a
kingly fashion。; And he answered them thus�此 �They who have bows
stretch them at such time as they wish to use them�察�and when they have
finished using them they loose them again�察�for if they were stretched tight
always they would break�察�so that the men would not be able to use them
when they needed them。 So also is the state of man�此�if he should always be
in earnest and not relax himself for sport at the due time�察�he would either
go mad or be struck with stupor before he was aware�察�and knowing this
well�察�I distribute a portion of the time to each of the two ways of living。;
Thus he replied to his friends。 It is said however that Amasis�察�even when
he was in a private station�察�was a lover of drinking and of jesting�察�and not
at all seriously disposed�察�and whenever his means of livelihood failed him
through his drinking and luxurious living�察 �he would go about and steal�察�
and they from whom he stole would charge him with having their property�察�
and when he denied it would bring him before the judgment of an Oracle�察�
whenever there was one in their place�察�and many times he was convicted
81
´ Page 82´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
by the Oracles and many times he was absolved�此�and then when fi
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��