first epilogue-第3部分

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　　The　invaders　flee；　turn　back；　flee　again；　and　all　the　chances　are

now　not　for　Napoleon　but　always　against　him。

　　A　countermovement　is　then　accomplished　from　east　to　west　with　a

remarkable　resemblance　to　the　preceding　movement　from　west　to　east。

Attempted　drives　from　east　to　west…　similar　to　the　contrary

movements　of　1805；　1807；　and　1809…　precede　the　great　westward

movement；　there　is　the　same　coalescence　into　a　group　of　enormous

dimensions；　the　same　adhesion　of　the　people　of　Central　Europe　to　the

movement；　the　same　hesitation　midway；　and　the　same　increasing　rapidity

as　the　goal　is　approached。

　　Paris；　the　ultimate　goal；　is　reached。　The　Napoleonic　government

and　army　are　destroyed。　Napoleon　himself　is　no　longer　of　any

account；　all　his　actions　are　evidently　pitiful　and　mean；　but　again

an　inexplicable　chance　occurs。　The　allies　detest　Napoleon　whom　they

regard　as　the　cause　of　their　sufferings。　Deprived　of　power　and

authority；　his　crimes　and　his　craft　exposed；　he　should　have　appeared

to　them　what　he　appeared　ten　years　previously　and　one　year　later…　an

outlawed　brigand。　But　by　some　strange　chance　no　one　perceives　this。

His　part　is　not　yet　ended。　The　man　who　ten　years　before　and　a　year

later　was　considered　an　outlawed　brigand　is　sent　to　an　island　two

days'　sail　from　France；　which　for　some　reason　is　presented　to　him　as

his　dominion；　and　guards　are　given　to　him　and　millions　of　money　are

paid　him。

EP1｜CH4

　　CHAPTER　IV



　　The　flood　of　nations　begins　to　subside　into　its　normal　channels。　The

waves　of　the　great　movement　abate；　and　on　the　calm　surface　eddies

are　formed　in　which　float　the　diplomatists；　who　imagine　that　they　have

caused　the　floods　to　abate。

　　But　the　smooth　sea　again　suddenly　becomes　disturbed。　The

diplomatists　think　that　their　disagreements　are　the　cause　of　this

fresh　pressure　of　natural　forces；　they　anticipate　war　between　their

sovereigns；　the　position　seems　to　them　insoluble。　But　the　wave　they

feel　to　be　rising　does　not　come　from　the　quarter　they　expect。　It　rises

again　from　the　same　point　as　before…　Paris。　The　last　backwash　of　the

movement　from　the　west　occurs：　a　backwash　which　serves　to　solve　the

apparently　insuperable　diplomatic　difficulties　and　ends　the　military

movement　of　that　period　of　history。

　　The　man　who　had　devastated　France　returns　to　France　alone；　without

any　conspiracy　and　without　soldiers。　Any　guard　might　arrest　him；　but

by　strange　chance　no　one　does　so　and　all　rapturously　greet　the　man

they　cursed　the　day　before　and　will　curse　again　a　month　later。

　　This　man　is　still　needed　to　justify　the　final　collective　act。

　　That　act　is　performed。

　　The　last　role　is　played。　The　actor　is　bidden　to　disrobe　and　wash　off

his　powder　and　paint：　he　will　not　be　wanted　any　more。

　　And　some　years　pass　during　which　he　plays　a　pitiful　comedy　to

himself　in　solitude　on　his　island；　justifying　his　actions　by　intrigues

and　lies　when　the　justification　is　no　longer　needed；　and　displaying　to

the　whole　world　what　it　was　that　people　had　mistaken　for　strength　as

long　as　an　unseen　hand　directed　his　actions。

　　The　manager　having　brought　the　drama　to　a　close　and　stripped　the

actor　shows　him　to　us。

　　〃See　what　you　believed　in！　This　is　he！　Do　you　now　see　that　it　was

not　he　but　I　who　moved　you？〃

　　But　dazed　by　the　force　of　the　movement；　it　was　long　before　people

understood　this。

　　Still　greater　coherence　and　inevitability　is　seen　in　the　life　of

Alexander　I；　the　man　who　stood　at　the　head　of　the　countermovement　from

east　to　west。

　　What　was　needed　for　him　who；　overshadowing　others；　stood　at　the　head

of　that　movement　from　east　to　west？

　　What　was　needed　was　a　sense　of　justice　and　a　sympathy　with

European　affairs；　but　a　remote　sympathy　not　dulled　by　petty　interests；

a　moral　superiority　over　those　sovereigns　of　the　day　who　co…operated

with　him；　a　mild　and　attractive　personality；　and　a　personal

grievance　against　Napoleon。　And　all　this　was　found　in　Alexander　I；　all

this　had　been　prepared　by　innumerable　so…called　chances　in　his　life：

his　education；　his　early　liberalism；　the　advisers　who　surrounded

him；　and　by　Austerlitz；　and　Tilsit；　and　Erfurt。

　　During　the　national　war　he　was　inactive　because　he　was　not　needed。

But　as　soon　as　the　necessity　for　a　general　European　war　presented

itself　he　appeared　in　his　place　at　the　given　moment　and；　uniting　the

nations　of　Europe；　led　them　to　the　goal。

　　The　goal　is　reached。　After　the　final　war　of　1815　Alexander　possesses

all　possible　power。　How　does　he　use　it？

　　Alexander　I…　the　pacifier　of　Europe；　the　man　who　from　his　early

years　had　striven　only　for　his　people's　welfare；　the　originator　of　the

liberal　innovations　in　his　fatherland…　now　that　he　seemed　to　possess

the　utmost　power　and　therefore　to　have　the　possibility　of　bringing

about　the　welfare　of　his　peoples…　at　the　time　when　Napoleon　in　exile

was　drawing　up　childish　and　mendacious　plans　of　how　he　would　have　made

mankind　happy　had　he　retained　power…　Alexander　I；　having　fulfilled　his

mission　and　feeling　the　hand　of　God　upon　him；　suddenly　recognizes

the　insignificance　of　that　supposed　power；　turns　away　from　it；　and

gives　it　into　the　hands　of　contemptible　men　whom　he　despises；　saying

only：

　　〃Not　unto　us；　not　unto　us；　but　unto　Thy　Name！。。。　I　too　am　a　man　like

the　rest　of　you。　Let　me　live　like　a　man　and　think　of　my　soul　and　of

God。〃

　　As　the　sun　and　each　atom　of　ether　is　a　sphere　complete　in　itself；

and　yet　at　the　same　time　only　a　part　of　a　whole　too　immense　for　man　to

comprehend；　so　each　individual　has　within　himself　his　own　aims　and　yet

has　them　to　serve　a　general　purpose　incomprehensible　to　man。

　　A　bee　settling　on　a　flower　has　stung　a　child。　And　the　child　is

afraid　of　bees　and　declares　that　bees　exist　to　sting　people。　A　poet

admires　the　bee　sucking　from　the　chalice　of　a　flower　and　says　it

exists　to　suck　the　fragrance　of　flowers。　A　beekeeper；　seeing　the　bee

collect　pollen　from　flowers　and　carry　it　to　the　hive；　says　that　it

exists　to　gather　honey。　Another　beekeeper　who　has　studied　the　life

of　the　hive　more　closely　says　that　the　bee　gathers　pollen　dust　to　feed

the　young　bees　and　rear　a　queen；　and　that　it　exists　to　perpetuate

its　race。　A　botanist　notices　that　the　bee　flying　with　the　pollen　of

a　male　flower　to　a　pistil　fertilizes　the　latter；　and　sees　in　this

the　purpose　of　the　bee's　existence。　Another；　observing　the　migration

of　plants；　notices　that　the　bee　helps　in　this　work；　and　may　say　that

in　this　lies　the　purpose　of　the　bee。　But　the　ultimate　purpose　of　the

bee　is　not　exhausted　by　the　first；　the　second；　or　any　of　the　processes

the　human　mind　can　discern。　The　higher　the　human　intellect　rises　in

the　discovery　of　these　purposes；　the　more　obvious　it　becomes；　that　the

ultimate　purpose　is　beyond　our　comprehension。

　　All　that　is　accessible　to　man　is　the　relation　of　the　life　of　the　bee

to　other　manifestations　of　life。　And　so　it　is　with　the　purpose　of

historic　characters　and　nations。

EP1｜CH5

　　CHAPTER　V



　　Natasha's　wedding　to　Bezukhov；　which　took　place　in　1813；　was　the

last　happy　event　in　the　family　of　the　old　Rostovs。　Count　Ilya　Rostov

died　that　same　year　and；　as　always　happens；　after　the　father's　death

the　family　group　broke　up。

　　The　events　of　the　previous　year：　the　burning　of　Moscow　and　the

flight　from　it；　the　death　of　Prince　Andrew；　Natasha's　despair；　Petya's

death；　and　the　old　countess'　grief　fell　blow　after　blow　on　the　old

count's　head。　He　seemed　to　be　unable　to　understand　the　meaning　of

all　these　events；　and　bowed　his　old　head　in　a　spiritual　sense　as　if

expecting　and　inviting　further　blows　which　would　finish　him。　He　seemed

now　frightened　and　distraught　and　now　unnaturally　animated　and

enterprising。

　　The　arrangements　for　Natasha's　marriage　occupied　him　for　a　while。　He

ordered　dinners　and　suppers　and　obviously　tried　to　appear　cheerful；

but　his　cheerfulness　was　not　infectious　as　it　used　to　be：　on　the

contrary　it　evoked　the　compassion　of　those　who　knew　and　liked　him。

　　When　Pierre　and　his　wife　had　left；　he　grew　very　quiet　and　began　to

complain　of　depression。　A　few　days　later　he　fell　ill　and　took　to　his

bed。　He　realized　from　the　first　that　he　would　not　get　up　again；

despite　the　doctor's　encouragement。　The　countess　passed　a　fortnight　in

an　armchair　by　his　pillow　without　undressing。　Every　time　she　gave

him　his　medicine　he　sobbed　and　silently　kissed　her　hand。　On　his　last

day；　sobbing；　he　asked　her　and　his　absent　son　to　forgive　him　for

having　dissipated　their　property…　that　being　the　chief　fault　of

which　he　was　conscious。　After　receiving　communion　and　unction　he

quietly　died；　and　next　day　a　throng　of　acquaintances　who　came　to　pay

their　last　respects　to　the　deceased　filled　the　house　rented　by　the

Rostovs。　All　these　acquaintances；　who　had　so　often　dined　and　danced　at

his　house　and　had　so　often　laughed　at　him；　now　said；　with　a　common

feeling　of　self…reproach　and　emotion；　as　if　justifying　themselves：

〃Well；　whatever　he　may　have　been　he　was　a　most　worthy　man。　You　don't

meet　such　men　nowadays。。。。　And　which　of　us　has　not　weaknesses　of　his

own？〃

　　It　was　just　when　the　count's　affairs　had　become　so　involved　that

it　was　impossible　to　say　what　would　happen　if　he　lived　another　year

that　he　unexpectedly　died。

　　Nicholas　was　with　the　Russian　army　in　Paris　when　the　news　of　his

father's　death　reached　him。　He　at　once　resigned　his　commission；　and

without　waiting　for　it　to　be　accepted　took　leave　of　absence　and　went

to　Moscow。　The　state　of　the　count's　affairs　became　quite　obvious　a

month　after　his　death；　surprising　everyone　by　the　immense　total　of

small　debts　the　existence　of　which　no　one　had　suspected。　The　debts

amounted　to　double　the　value　of　the　property。

　　Friends　and　relations　advised　Nicholas　to　decline　the　inheritance。

But　he　regarded　such　a　refusal　as　a　slur　on　his　father's　memory；　which

he　held　sacred；　and　therefore　would　not　hear　of　refusing　and

accepted　the　inheritance　together　with　the　obligation　to　pay　the

debts。