memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v9-第11部分

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in　custody；　and　was　not　secured　until　he　had　been　slightly　wounded。　　His
first　exclamation　on　entering　prison　was；　〃I　am　undone！〃　Loizeau　was
removed　to　Paris；　and；　though　I　am　ignorant　of　the　ultimate　fate　of　this
wretch；　I　am　pretty　certain　that　Fouche　would　take　effectual　means　to
prevent　him　from　doing　any　further　mischief。




CHAPTER　VI。

1806。

　　　　　Menaces　of　PrussiaOffer　for　restoring　Hanover　to　EnglandInsolent
　　　　　ultimatumCommencement　of　hostilities　between　France　and　Prussia
　　　　　Battle　of　AuerstadtDeath　of　the　Duke　of　BrunswickBernadotte　in
　　　　　HamburgDavonet　and　BernadotteThe　Swedes　at　LubeckMajor　Amiel
　　　　　Service　rendered　to　the　English　Minister　at　HamburgMy　appointment
　　　　　of　Minister　for　the　King　of　NaplesNew　regulation　of　the　German
　　　　　post…officeThe　Confederation　of　the　NorthDevices　of　the　Hanse
　　　　　TownsOccupation　of　Hamburg　in　the　name　of　the　EmperorDecree　of
　　　　　BerlinThe　military　governors　of　HamburgBrune；　Michaud；　and
　　　　　Bernadotte。

The　moment　now　approached　when　war　was　about　to　be　renewed　in　Germany；
and　in　proportion　as　the　hopes　of　peace　diminished　Prussia　redoubled　her
threats；　which　were　inspired　by　the　recollection　of　the　deeds　of　the
great　Frederick。　　The　idea　of　peace　was　hateful　to　Prussia。　　Her
measures；　which　till　now　had　been　sufficiently　moderate；　suddenly　assumed
a　menacing　aspect　on　learning　that　the　Minister　of　the　King　of　England
had　declared　in　Parliament　that　France　had　consented　to　the　restitution
of　Hanover。　　The　French　Ministry　intimated　to　the　Prussian　Government
that　this　was　a　preliminary　step　towards　a　general　peace；　and　that　a
large　indemnity　would　be　granted　in　return。　　But　the　King　of　Prussia；
who　was　well　informed；　and　convinced　that　the　House　of　Hanover　clung　to
this　ancient　domain；　which　gave　to　England　a　certain　preponderance　in
Germany；　considered　himself　trifled　with；　and　determined　on　war。

Under　these　circumstances　Lord　Lauderdale　was　recalled　from　Paris　by　his
Government。　　War　continued　with　England；　and　was　about　to　commence　with
Prussia。　　The　Cabinet　of　Berlin　sent　an　ultimatum　which　could　scarcely　be
regarded　in　any　other　light　than　a　defiance；　and　from　the　well…known
character　of　Napoleon　we　may　judge　of　his　irritation　at　this　ultimatum。

　　　　　＇The　severity　with　which　Bonaparte　treated　the　press　may　be
　　　　　inferred　from　the　case　of　Palm　the　publisher。　　In　1808　Johann
　　　　　Phillip　Palm；　of　Nuremberg；　was　shot　by　Napoleon's　order　for　issuing
　　　　　a　pamphlet　against　the　rule　of　the　French　in　Germany。＇

The　Emperor；　after　his　stay　of　eight　months　in　Paris　passed　in　abortive
negotiations　for　peace；　set　out　on　the　25th　of　September　for　the　Rhine。

Hostilities　commenced　on　the　10th　of　October　1806　between　France　and
Prussia；　and　I　demanded　of　the　Senate　that　a　stop　should　be　put　to　the
Prussians　recruiting。　　The　news　of　a　great　victory　gained　by　the　Emperor
over　the　Prussians　on　the　14th　of　October　reached　Hamburg　on　the　19th；
brought　by　some　fugitives；　who　gave　such　exaggerated　accounts　of　the　loss
of　the　French　army　that　it　was　not　until　the　arrival　of　the　official
despatches　on　the　28th　of　October　that　we　knew　whether　to　mourn　or　to
rejoice　at　the　victory　of　Jena。

The　Duke　of　Brunswick；　who　was　dangerously　wounded　at　the　battle　of
Auerstadt；　arrived　on　the　29th　of　October　at　Altona。＇This　Prince　was　in
the　seventy…second　year　of　his　age；　and　extremely　infirm。＇His　entrance
into　that　city　afforded　a　striking　example　of　the　vicissitudes　of
fortune。　　That　Prince　entered　Altona　on　a　wretched　litter；　borne　by　ten
men；　without　officers；　without　domestics；　followed　by　a　troop　of
vagabonds　and　children；　who　were　drawn　together　by　curiosity。　　He　was
lodged　in　a　wretched　inn；　and　so　much　worn　out　by　fatigue　and　the　pain　of
his　eyes　that　on　the　day　after　his　arrival　a　report　of　his　death　very
generally　prevailed。　　Doctor　Unzer　was　immediately　sent　for　to　attend　the
unfortunate　Duke；　who；　during　the　few　days　that　he　survived　his　wounds；
saw　no　one　else　except　his　wife；　who　arrived　on　the　1st　of　November。　　He
expired　on　the　10th　of　the　same　month。

　　　　　＇For　the　mistimed　but　rather　pathetic　belief　of　the　old　dying　Duke
　　　　　in　the　courtesy　with　which　he　and　his　States　would　be　treated　by　the
　　　　　French；　see　Beugnot；　tome　1。　p。　80：　〃I　feel　sure　that　there　is　a
　　　　　courier　of　the　Emperor's　on　the　road　to　know　how　I　am。〃＇

At　this　juncture　Bernadotte　returned　to　Hamburg。　　I　asked　him　how　I　was
to　account　for　his　conduct　while　he　was　with　Davoust；　who　had　left
Nuremberg　to　attack　the　Prussian　army；　and　whether　it　was　true　that　he
had　refused　to　march　with　that　general；　and　afterwards　to　aid　him　when　he
attacked　the　Prussians　on　the　Weimar　road。　　〃The　letters　I　received；〃
observed　I；　〃state　that　you　took　no　part　in　the　battle　of　Auerstadt；　that
I　did　not　believe；　but　I　suppose　you　saw　the　bulletin　which　I　received　a
little　after　the　battle；　and　which　stated　that　Bonaparte　said　at
Nuremberg；　in　the　presence　of　several　officers；　'Were　I　to　bring　him
before　a　court…martial　he　would　be　shot。　　I　shall　say　nothing　to　him
about　it；　but　I　will　take　care　he　shall　know　what　I　think　of　his
behaviour。　　He　has　too　keen　a　sense　of　honour　not　to　be　aware　that　he
acted　disgracefully。〃〃I　think　him　very　likely；〃　rejoined　Bernadotte　〃
to　have　made　these　observations。　　He　hates　me　because　he　knows　I　do　not
like　him；　but　let　him　speak　to　me　and　he　shall　have　his　answer。　　If　I　am
a　Gascon；　he　is　a　greater　one。　　I　might　have　felt　piqued　at　receiving
something　like　orders　from　Davoust；　but　I　did　my　duty。〃

　　　　　＇The　complaints　of　Bernadotte's　conduct　on　the　14th　of　October
　　　　　1806。　　when　he　gave　no　assistance　to　Davoust　in　repulsing　the　main
　　　　　body　of　the　Prussians　at　Aneratadt；　are　well　known。　　Jomini　says
　　　　　that　Davoust　proposed　to　Bernadotte　to　march　with　him；　and　even
　　　　　offered　him　the　command　of　the　two　corps。　　Bernadotte　refused；　and
　　　　　marched　away　to　Dornburg；　where　he　was　of　no　use。　　〃　his　obstinacy；
　　　　　difficult　to　explain；　nearly　compromised　both　Davoust　and　the
　　　　　success　of　the　battle；〃　See　also　Thiers　（tome　vii。　　p。　　172）；　who
　　　　　attributes　Bernadotte's　conduct　to　a　profound　aversion　for　Davoust
　　　　　conceived　on　the　most　frivolous　grounds。　　Bernadotte　had　frequently
　　　　　given　cause　of　complaint　to　Napoleon　in　the　two　campaigns　of　1806
　　　　　and　1806。　　In　the　movement　on　Vienna　Napoleon　considered　he　showed
　　　　　want　of　activity　and　of　zeal。　　These　complaints　seem　to　have　been
　　　　　made　in　good　faith；　for　in　a　letter　to　Bernadotte's　brother…in…law；
　　　　　Joseph；　Napoleon　suggests　that　health　may　have　been　the　causes　（Du
　　　　　Cases；　tome　i。　　p。　　322）。　　Bernadotte　was　equally　unfortunate　in
　　　　　putting　in　his　appearance　too　late　at　Eylan　（see　Due　de　Rovigo's
　　　　　Memoirs；　tome　ii。　　p。　　48）；　and　also　incurred　the　displeasure　of
　　　　　Napoleon　at　Wagram　（see　later　on）。＇

In　the　beginning　of　November　the　Swedes　entered　Lubeck；　but　on　the　8th　of
that　month　the　town　was　taken　by　assault；　and　the　Swedes；　as　well　as　the
rest　of　the　corps　which　had　escaped　from　Jena；　were　made　prisoners。

A　troop　of　Prussians　had　advanced　within　four　leagues　of　Hamburg；　and
that　town　had　already　prepared　for　a　vigorous　resistance；　in　case　they
should　attempt　an　entrance；　when　Major　Amiel　attacked　them　at
Zollenspieker　and　made　some　prisoners。　　Hamburg　was；　however；　threatened
with　another　danger；　for　Major　Amiel　expressed　his　intention　of　entering
with　all　his　prisoners；　notwithstanding　the　acknowledged　neutrality　of
the　town。　　Amiel　was　a　partisan　leader　in　the　true　sense　of　the　word；　he
fought　rather　on　his　own　account　than　with　the　intention　of　contributing
to　the　success　of　the　operations　of　the　army。　　His　troop　did　not　consist
of　more　than　forty　men；　but　that　was　more　than　sufficient　to　spread
terror　and　devastation　in　the　surrounding　villages。　　He　was　a　bold
fellow；　and　when；　with　his　handful　of　men；　he　threw　himself　upon　Hamburg；
the　worthy　inhabitants　thought　he　had　20；000　troops　with　him。　　He　had
pillaged　every　place　through　which　he　passed；　and　brought　with　him　300
prisoners；　and　a　great　many　horses　he　had　taken　on　his　road。　　It　was
night　when　he　presented　himself　at　the　gates　of　the　city；　which　he
entered　alone；　having　left　his　men　and　booty　at　the　last　village。　　He
proceeded　to　the　French　Embassy。　　I　was　not　there　at　the　time；　but　I　was
sent　for；　and　about　seven　o'clock　in　the　evening　I　had　my　first　interview
with　the　Major。　　He　was　the　very；　beau　ideal　of　a　bandit；　and　would　have
been　an　admirable　model　for　a　painter。　　I　was　not　at　all　surprised　to
hear　that　on　his　arrival　his　wild　appearance　and　huge　mustachios　had
excited　some　degree　of　terror　among　those　who　were　in　the　salon。　　He
described　his　exploits　on　the　march；　and　did　not　disguise　his　intention
of　bringing　his　troops　into　Hamburg　next　day。　　He　talked　of　the　Bank　and
of　pillage。　　I　tried　for　some　time　to　divert　him　from　this　idea；　but
without　effect；　and　at　length　said　to　him；　〃Sir；　you　know　that　this　is
not　the　way　the　Emperor　wishes　to　be　served。　　During　the　seven　years　that
I　have　been　about　him；　I　have　invariably　heard　him　express　his
indignation　against　those　who　aggravate　the　misery　which　war　naturally
brings　in　her　train。　　It　is　the　express　wish　of　the　Emperor　that　no
damage；　no　violence　whatever；　shall　be　committed　on　the　city　or　territory
of　Hamburg。〃　　These　few　words　produced　a　stronger　effect　than　any
entreaties　I　could　have　used；　for　the　mere　name　of　the　Emperor　made　even
the　boldest　tremble；　and　Major　Amiel　next　thought　of　selling　his　booty。
The　Senate　were　so　frightened　at　the　prospect　of　having　Amiel　quartered
upon　them　that　to　get　rid　of　him　they　determined　to　purchase　his　booty　at
once；　and　even　furnished　him　with　guards　for　his　prisoners。　　I　did　not
learn　till　some　time　afterwards　that　among　the　horses　Major　Amiel　had
seized　upon　the　road　were　those　of　the　Countess　Walmoden。　　Had　I　known
this　fact　at　the　time　I　should　certainly　have　taken　care　to　have　had　them
restored　to　her。　　Madame　Walmoden　was　then　a　refugee　at　Hamburg；　and
between　her　and　my　family　a　close　intimacy　existed。　　On　the　very　day；　I
believe；　of　the　Major's　departure　the　Senate　wrote　me