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memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v9-及2何蛍

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Berthier's list among the captains of engineers whom he recommended to
the rank of chef de bataillon�察�but Napoleon himself inscribed Bernard's
name before all the rest。  However�察�the Emperor forgot him for some time��
and it was only an accidental circumstance that brought him to his
recollection。  I never had any personal acquaintance with Bernard�察�but I
learned from Rapp�察�how he afterwards became his colleague as aide de camp
to the Emperor�察�a circumstance which I shall now relate�察�though it refers
to a later period。

Before the Emperor left Paris for the campaign of 1812 he wished to gain
precise information respecting Ragusa and Elyria。  He sent for Marmont��
but was not satisfied with his answers。  He then interrogated several
other generals�察�but the result of his inquiries always was�察 �This is all
very well�察�but it is not what I want。  I do not know Ragusa。;  He then
sent for General Dejean�察�who had succeeded M。 de Marescot as first
inspector of the Engineers。

;Have you any one among your officers�察─�he asked�察 �who is well acquainted
with Ragusa�拭  �Dejean�察�after a little reflection�察�replied�察 �Sire�察�there
is a chef de bataillon who has been a long time forgotten�察�but who knows
Elyria perfectly。;; What's his Dame�拭─�Bernard。;;Ah� �stop 。  。  。
Bernard�  �I remember that name。  Where is he�拭──�At Antwerp�察�Sire��
employed on the fortifications。;;Let a telegraphic despatch be
immediately�察�transmitted�撮�by semaphore arms。��desiring him to mount
his horse and come with all speed to Paris。;

The promptitude with which the Emperor's orders were always executed is
well known。  A few days after Captain Bernard was in the Emperor's
cabinet in Paris。  Napoleon received him very graciously。  The first
thing he said was�察 �Talk to me about Ragusa。;  This was a favourite mode
of interrogation with him in similar cases�察�and I have heard him say that
it was a sure way of drawing out all that a man had observed in any
country that he had visited。  Be that as it may�察�he was perfectly
satisfied with M。 Bernard's information respecting Elyria�察�and when the
chef de bataillon had finished speaking Napoleon said�察 �Colonel Bernard��
I am now acquainted with Ragusa。;  The Emperor afterwards conversed
familiarly with him�察�entered into details respecting the system of
fortification adopted at Antwerp�察�referred to the plan of the works��
criticised it�察�and showed how he would�察�if he besieged the town�察�render
the means of defence unavailing。  The new Colonel explained so well how
he would defend the town against the Emperor's attack that Bonaparte was
delighted�察�and immediately bestowed upon�察�the young officer a mark of
distinction which�察�as far as I know�察�he never granted but upon that
single occasion。  The Emperor was going to preside at the Council of
State�察�and desired Colonel Bernard to accompany him�察�and many times
during the sittings be asked him for his opinion upon the points which
were under discussion。  On leaving the Council Napoleon said�察 �Bernard��
you are in future my aide de camp。;  After the campaign he was made
General of Brigade�察�soon after General of Division�察�and now he is
acknowledged to be one of the ablest engineer officers in existence。
Clarke's silly conduct deprived France of this distinguished man�察�who
refused the brilliant offers of several sovereigns of Europe for the sake
of retiring to the United States of America�察�where he commands the
Engineers�察�and has constructed fortifications on the coast of the
Floridas which are considered by engineers to be masterpieces of military
art。




CHAPTER II。

1805。

     Rapidity of Napoleon's victoriesMurat at WertingenConquest of
     Ney's duchyThe French army before UlmThe Prince of Liechtenstein
     at the Imperial headquartersHis interview with Napoleon described
     by RappCapitulation of Ulm signed by Berthier and MackNapoleon
     before and after a victoryHis address to the captive generals
     The Emperor's proclamationTen thousand prisoners taken by Murat
     Battle of Caldiero in ItalyLetter from DurocAttempts to retard
     the Emperor's progressFruitless mission of M。 de GiulayThe first
     French eagles taken by the RussiansBold adventure of Lannes and
     MuratThe French enter ViennaSavary's mission to the Emperor
     Alexander。

To convey an idea of the brilliant campaign of 1805 from an abstract of
the reports and letters I received at Hamburg I should�察�like the almanac´
makers�察�be obliged to note down a victory for every day。  Was not the
rapidity of the Emperor's first operations a thing hitherto
unprecedented�拭 �He departed from Paris on the 24th of September�察�and
hostilities commenced on the 2d of October。  On the 6th and 7th the
French passed the Danube�察�and turned the enemy's army。  On the 8th Murat��
at the battle of Wertingen�察�on the Danube�察�took 2000 Austrian prisoners��
amongst whom�察�besides other general officers�察�was Count Auffemberg。
Next day the Austrians fell back upon Gunsburg�察�retreating before our
victorious legions�察�who�察�pursuing their triumphal course�察�entered
Augsburg on the 10th�察�and Munich on the 12th。  When I received my
despatches I could have fancied I was reading a fabulous narrative。  Two
days after the French entered Munichthat is to say�察�on the 14than
Austrian corps of 6000 men surrendered to Marshal Soult at Memingen��
whilst Ney conquered�察�sword in hand�察�his future Duchy of Elchingen。
Finally�察�on the 17th of October�察�came the famous capitulation of General
Mack at Ulm��' and on the same day hostilities commenced in Italy between
the French and Austrians�察�the former commanded by Massena and the latter
by Prince Charles。

     ��Prince Maurice Liechtenstein was sent by General Mack as a flag
     of truce to the Imperial headquarters before Ulm。  He was�察�according
     to custom�察�led blindfold on horseback。  Rapp�察�who was present��
     together with several of Napoleon's aides de camp�察�afterwards spoke
     to me of the Prince's interview with the Emperor。  I think he told
     me that Berthier was present likewise。  ;Picture to yourself�察─�said
     Rapp�察 �the astonishment�察�or rather confusion�察�of the poor Prince
     when the bandage was removed from his eyes。  He knew nothing of what
     had been going on�察�and did not even suspect that the Emperor had yet
     joined the army。  When he understood that he was in the presence of
     Napoleon he could not suppress an exclamation of surprise�察�which did
     not escape the Emperor�察�and he ingenuously acknowledged that General
     Mack had no idea he was before the walls of Ulm。;  Prince
     Liechtenstein proposed to capitulate on condition that the garrison
     of Ulm should be allowed to return into Austria。  This proposal�察�in
     the situation in which the garrison stood�察�Rapp said�察�made the
     Emperor smile。  ;How can you expect�察─�said Napoleon�察 �that I can
     accede to such a proposition�拭 �What shall I gain by it�拭 �Eight days。
     In eight days you will be in my power without any condition。  Do you
     suppose I am not acquainted with everything�拭  �  。  You expect the
     Russians�拭 �  。  。;  At the nearest they are in Bohemia。  Were I to
     allow you to march out�察�what security can I have that you will not
     join them�察�and afterwards fight against me�拭 �Your generals have
     deceived me often enough�察�and I will no longer be duped。  At Marengo
     I was weak enough to allow the troops of Melas to march out of
     Alessandria。  He promised to treat for peace。  What happened�拭 �Two
     months after Moreau had to fight with the garrison of Alessandria。
     Besides�察�this war is not an ordinary war。  After the conduct of your
     Government I am not bound to keep any terms with it。  I have no
     faith in its promises。  You have attacked me。  If I should agree to
     what you ask�察�Mack would pledge his word�察�I know。  But�察�even relying
     on his good faith�察�would be he able to keep his promise�拭 �As far as
     regards himselfyes�察�but as regards his armyno。  If the Archduke
     Ferdinand were still with you I could rely upon his word�察�because he
     would be responsible for the conditions�察�and he would not disgrace
     himself�察�but I know he has quitted Ulm and passed the Danube。  I
     know how to reach him�察�however。;

     Rapp said it was impossible to imagine the embarrassment of Prince
     Liechtenstein whilst the Emperor was speaking。  He�察�however��
     somewhat regained his self´possession�察�and observed that�察�unless the
     conditions which he proposed were granted the army would not
     capitulate。  ;If that be the case�察─�said Napoleon。  ;you may as well
     go back to Mack�察�for I will never grant such conditions。  Are you
     jesting with me�拭 �Stay�察�here is the capitulation of Memingenshow
     it to your Generallet him surrender on the same conditionsI will
     consent to no others。  Your officers may return to Austria�察�but the
     soldiers must be prisoners。  Tell him to be speedy�察�for I have no
     time to lose。  The more he delays the worse he will render his own
     condition and yours。  To´morrow I shall have here the corps to which
     Memingen capitulated�察�and then we shall see what is to be done。
     Make Mack clearly understand that he has no alternative but to
     conform to my will。;

     The imperious tones which Napoleon employed towards his enemies
     almost always succeeded�察�and it produced the accustomed effect upon
     Mack。  On the same day that Prince Liechtenstein had been at our
     headquarters Mack wrote to the Emperor�察�stating that he would not
     have treated with any other on such terms�察�but that he yielded to
     the ascendency of Napoleon's fortune�察�and on the following day
     Berthier was sent into Ulm�察�from whence he returned with the
     capitulation signed。  Thus Napoleon was not mistaken respecting the
     Caudine Forks of the Austrian army。  The garrison of Ulm marched out
     with what are called the honours of war�察�and were led prisoners into
     France。Bourrienne。��

Napoleon�察�who was so violently irritated by any obstacle which opposed
him�察�and who treated with so much hauteur everybody who ventured to
resist his inflexible will�察�was no longer the same man
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