ponkapog papers-第16部分

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sh；　churlish　as　the　seas；〃　the　fullest　and　pleasantest　days　of　his　life　were　prob…　ably　spent　at　Dean　Prior。　　He　was　not　un…　mindful　meanwhile　of　the　gathering　political　storm　that　was　to　shake　England　to　its　foun…　dations。　　How　anxiously；　in　his　solitude；　he　watched　the　course　of　events；　is　attested　by　many　of　his　poems。　　This　solitude　was　not　without　its　compensation。　　〃I　confess；〃　he　says；

　　　　　　　　I　ne'er　invented　such　　　　　　Ennobled　numbers　for　the　presse　　　　　　　　　Than　where　I　loath'd　so　much。

　　　　　A　man　is　never　wholly　unhappy　when　he　is　writing　verses。　　Herrick　was　firmly　convinced　that　each　new　lyric　was　a　stone　added　to　the　pillar　of　his　fame；　and　perhaps　his　sense　of　relief　was　tinged　with　indefinable　regret　when　he　found　himself　suddenly　deprived　of　his　bene…　fice。　　The　integrity　of　some　of　his　royalistic　poems　is　doubtful；　but　he　was　not　given　the　benefit　of　the　doubt　by　the　Long　Parliament；　which　ejected　the　panegyrist　of　young　Prince　Charles　from　the　vicarage　of　Dean　Prior；　and　installed　in　his　place　the　venerable　John　Syms；　a　gentleman　with　pronounced　Cromwellian　views。　　　　　　Herrick　metaphorically　snapped　his　fingers　at　the　Puritans；　discarded　his　clerical　habili…　ments；　and　hastened　to　London　to　pick　up　such　as　were　left　of　the　gay…colored　threads　of　his　old　experience　there。　　Once　more　he　would　drink　sack　at　the　Triple　Tun；　once　more　he　would　breathe　the　air　breathed　by　such　poets　and　wits　as　Cotton；　Denham；　Shirley；　Selden；　and　the　rest。　　〃Yes；　by　Saint　Anne！　and　gin…　ger　shall　be　hot　I'　the　mouth　too。〃　　In　the　gladness　of　getting　back　〃from　the　dull　con…　fines　of　the　drooping　west；〃　he　writes　a　glow…　ing　apostrophe　to　Londonthat　〃stony　step…　mother　to　poets。〃　　He　claims　to　be　a　free…born　Roman；　and　is　proud　to　find　himself　a　citizen　again。　　According　to　his　earlier　biographers；　Herrick　had　much　ado　not　to　starve　in　that　same　longed…for　London；　and　fell　into　great　misery；　but　Dr。　Grosart　disputes　this；　arguing；　with　justness；　that　Herrick's　family；　which　was　wealthy　and　influential；　would　not　have　allowed　him　to　come　to　abject　want。　　With　his　royal…　istic　tendencies　he　may　not　have　breathed　quite　freely　in　the　atmosphere　of　the　Commonwealth；　and　no　doubt　many　tribulations　fell　to　his　lot；　but　among　them　was　not　poverty。　　　　　　The　poet　was　now　engaged　in　preparing　his　works　for　the　press；　and　a　few　weeks　following　his　return　to　London　they　were　issued　in　a　sin…　gle　volume　with　the　title　〃Hesperides；　or；　The　Works　both　Humane　and　Divine　of　Robert　Herrick；　Esq。〃　　　　　　The　time　was　not　ready　for　him。　　A　new　era　had　dawnedthe　era　of　the　commonplace。　The　interval　was　come　when　Shakespeare　him…　self　was　to　lie　in　a　kind　of　twilight。　　Herrick　was　in　spirit　an　Elizabethan；　and　had　strayed　by　chance　into　an　artificial　and　prosaic　age　a　sylvan　singing　creature　alighting　on　an　alien　planet。　　〃He　was　too　natural；〃　says　Mr。　Pal…　grave　in　his　Chrysomela；　〃too　purely　poetical；　he　had　not　the　learned　polish；　the　political　al…　lusion；　the　tone　of　the　city；　the　didactic　turn；　which　were　then　and　onward　demanded　from　poetry。〃　　Yet　it　is　strange　that　a　public　which　had　a　relish　for　Edmund　Waller　should　neglect　a　poet　who　was　fifty　times　finer　than　Waller　in　his　own　specialty。　　What　poet　then；　or　in　the　half…century　that　followed　the　Restoration；　could　have　written　Corinna's　Going　a…Maying；　or　ap…　proached　in　kind　the　ineffable　grace　and　perfec…　tion　to　be　found　in　a　score　of　Herrick's　lyrics？　　　　　　The　〃Hesperides〃　was　received　with　chilling　indifference。　　None　of　Herrick's　great　contem…　poraries　has　left　a　consecrating　word　concerning　it。　　The　book　was　not　reprinted　during　the　au…　thor's　lifetime；　and　for　more　than　a　century　after　his　death　Herrick　was　virtually　unread。　　In　1796　the　〃Gentleman's　Magazine〃　copied　a　few　of　the　poems；　and　two　years　later　Dr。　Nathan　Drake　published　in　his　〃Literary　Hours〃　three　critical　papers　on　the　poet；　with　specimens　of　his　writ…　ings。　　Dr。　Johnson　omitted　him　from　the　〃Lives　of　the　Poets；〃　though　space　was　found　for　half　a　score　of　poetasters　whose　names　are　to　be　found　nowhere　else。　　In　1810　Dr。　Nott；　a　physician　of　Bristol；　issued　a　small　volume　of　selections。　It　was　not　until　1823　that　Herrick　was　reprinted　in　full。　　It　remained　for　the　taste　of　our　own　day　to　multiply　editions　of　him。　　　　　　In　order　to　set　the　seal　to　Herrick's　fame；　it　is　now　only　needful　that　some　wiseacre　should　attribute　the　authorship　of　the　poems　to　some　man　who　could　not　possibly　have　written　a　line　of　them。　　The　opportunity　presents　attractions　that　ought　to　be　irresistible。　　Excepting　a　hand…　ful　of　Herrick's　college　letters　there　is　no　scrap　of　his　manuscript　extant；　the　men　who　drank　and　jested　with　the　poet　at　the　Dog　or　the　Triple　Tun　make　no　reference　to　him；　　and　in　the　wide　parenthesis　formed　by　his　birth　and　death　we　find　as　little　tangible　incident　as　is　discover…　able　in　the　briefer　span　of　Shakespeare's　fifty…　two　years。　　Here　is　material　for　profundity　and　ciphers！　　　　　　Herrick's　second　sojourn　in　London　covered　the　period　between　1648　and　1662；　curing　which　interim　he　fades　from　sight；　excepting　for　the

　　　　　　With　the　single　exception　of　the　writer　of　some　verses　in　the　Musarum　Deliciae　（1656）　who　mentions

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　That　old　sack　　　　　　Young　Herrick　took　to　entertain　　　　　　The　Muses　in　a　sprightly　vein。　instant　when　he　is　publishing　his　book。　　If　he　engaged　in　further　literary　work　there　are　no　evidences　of　it　beyond　one　contribution　to　the　〃Lacrymae　Musarum〃　in　1649。　　　　　　He　seems　to　have　had　lodgings；　for　a　while　at　least；　in　St。　Anne's；　Westminster。　　With　the　court　in　exile　and　the　grim　Roundheads　seated　in　the　seats　of　the　mighty；　it　was　no　longer　the　merry　London　of　his　early　manhood。　　Time　and　war　had　thinned　the　ranks　of　friends；　in　the　old　haunts　the　old　familiar　faces　were　wanting。　Ben　Jonson　was　dead；　Waller　banished；　and　many　another　comrade　〃in　disgrace　with　for…　tune　and　men's　eyes。〃　　As　Herrick　walked　through　crowded　Cheapside　or　along　the　dingy　river…bank　in　those　years；　his　thought　must　have　turned　more　than　once　to　the　little　vicarage　in　Devonshire；　and　lingered　tenderly。　　　　　　On　the　accession　of　Charles　II。　a　favorable　change　of　wind　wafted　Herrick　back　to　his　former　moorings　at　Dean　Prior；　the　obnoxious　Syms　having　been　turned　adrift。　　This　occurred　on　August　24；　1662；　the　seventy…first　anniver…　sary　of　the　poet's　baptism。　　Of　Herrick's　move…　ments　after　that；　tradition　does　not　furnish　even　the　shadow　of　an　outline。　　The　only　notable　event　concerning　him　is　recorded　twelve　years　later　in　the　parish　register：　〃Robert　Herrick；　vicker；　was　buried　ye　15〃　day　October；　1674。〃　He　was　eighty…three　years　old。　　The　location　of　his　grave　is　unknown。　　In　1857　a　monument　to　his　memory　was　erected　in　Dean　Church。　　And　this　is　all。



II

THE　details　that　have　come　down　to　us　touch…　ing　Herrick's　private　life　are　as　meagre　as　if　he　had　been　a　Marlowe　or　a　Shakespeare。　　But　were　they　as　ample　as　could　be　desired　they　would　still　be　unimportant　compared　with　the　single　fact　that　in　1648　he　gave　to　the　world　his　〃Hesperides。〃　　The　environments　of　the　man　were　accidental　and　transitory。　　The　significant　part　of　him　we　have；　and　that　is　enduring　so　long　as　wit；　fancy；　and　melodious　numbers　hold　a　charm　for　mankind。　　　　　　A　fine　thing　incomparably　said　instantly　be…　comes　familiar；　and　has　henceforth　a　sort　of　dateless　excellence。　　Though　it　may　have　been　said　three　hundred　years　ago；　it　is　as　modern　as　yesterday；　though　it　may　have　been　said　yesterday；　it　has　the　trick　of　seeming　to　have　been　always　in　our　keeping。　　This　quality　of　remoteness　and　nearness　belongs；　in　a　striking　degree；　to　Herrick's　poems。　　They　are　as　novel　to…day　as　they　were　on　the　lips　of　a　choice　few　of　his　contemporaries；　who；　in　reading　them　in　their　freshness；　must　surely　have　been　aware　here　and　there　of　the　ageless　grace　of　old　idyllic　poets　dead　and　gone。　　　　　　Herrick　was　the　bearer　of　no　heavy　message　to　the　world；　and　such　message　as　he　had　he　was　apparently　in　no　hurry　to　deliver。　　On　this　point　he　somewhere　says：

　　　　　Let　others　to　the　printing　presse　run　fast；　　　　　　Since　after　death　comes　glory；　I　'll　not　haste。

He　had　need　of　his　patience；　for　he　was　long　detained　on　the　road　by　many　of　those　obstacles　that　waylay　poets　on　their　journeys　to　the　printer。　　　　　　Herrick　was　nearly　sixty　years　old　when　he　published　the　〃Hesperides。〃　　It　was；　I　repeat；　no　heavy　message；　and　the　bearer　was　left　an　unconscionable　time　to　cool　his　heels　in　the　ante…　chamber。　　Though　his　pieces　had　been　set　to　music　by　such　composers　as　Lawes；　Ramsay；　and　Laniers；　and　his　court　poems　had　naturally　won　favor　with　the　Cavalier　party；　Herrick　cut　but　a　small　figure　at　the　side　of　several　of　his　rhyming　contemporaries　who　are　now　forgotten。　It　sometimes　happens　that　the　light　love…song；　reaching　few　or　no　ears　at　its　first　singing；　out…　lasts　the　seemingly　more　prosperous　ode　which；　dealing　with　some　passing　phase　of　thought；　social　or　political；　gains　the　instant　applause　of　the　multitude。　　In　most　cases　the　timely　ode　is　somehow　apt　to　fade　with　the　circumstance　that　inspired　it；　and　becomes　the　yesterday's　edito…　rial　of　literature。　　Oblivion　likes　especially　to　get　hold　of　occasional　poems。　　That　makes　it　hard　for　feeble　poets　laureate。　　　　　　Mr。　Henry　James　once　characterized　Al…　phonse　Daudet　as　〃a　great　little　novelist。〃　Robert　Herrick　is　a　great　little　poet。　　The　brev…　ity　of　his　poems；　for　he　wrote　nothing　de　longue　haleine；　would　place　him　among　the　minor　singers；　his　workmanship　places　him　among　the　masters。　　The　Herricks　were　not　a　family　of　goldsmiths　and　lapidaries　for　nothing。　　The　accurate　touch　of　the　artificer　in　jewels　and　costly　metals　was　one　of　the　gifts　transmitted　to　Robert　Herrick。　　Much　of　his　work　is　as　ex…　quisite　and　precise　as　the　chasing　on　a　dagger…　hilt　by　Cellini；　the　line　has　nearly　always　that　vine…like　fluency　which　seems　impromptu；　and　is　never　the　result　of　anything　but　austere　labor。　The　critic　who；　borrowing　Milton's　words；　described　these　carefully　wrought　poems　as　〃wood…notes　wild〃　showed　a　singular　lapse　of　penetration。　　They　are　full　of　subtle　simplicity。　Here　we　come　across　a　stanza　as　severely　cut　as　an　antique　cameothe　stanza；　for　instance；　in　which　the　poet　speaks　of　his　lady…love