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栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

song and legend from the middle ages-及18何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��


at length they trod Upward to the kingdom of God。 Even as it was with them�察�even thus�察�And quickly�察�it must be with us。 To such reward as theirs was then�察�God help us in His hour。 Amen。

 Tr。 by Rossetti。


THE MINNESINGERS。

In the twelfth century�察�Germany had a remarkable outburst of lyric poetry�察�chiefly songs of love。 The influence of the crusades�察�the spread of the romances of Arthur and Charlemagne roused over all Germany the spirit of poetry。 The poets of this new movement are called Minnesingers。 It is interesting to notice that the same poets who wrote these love lyrics�察�wrote also long romances of chivalry�察�the greatest names among them being Hartmann von Aue�察�Wolfram von Eschenbach�察�Heinrich von Ofterdingen�察�Gottfried von Strassburg�察�and Walther von der Vogelweide。 They were of all ranks�察�but chiefly belonged to the upper classesknights�察�squires�察�princes�察�and even kings being numbered among them。 Their extraordinarily large number may be gathered from the fact that from the twelfth century alone the names of one hundred and sixty Minnesingers have come down to us。 Their names and their songs have been handed down largely by tradition�察�since the mass of them could neither read nor write�察�and for a century or more their work was preserved orally。

The subject of these songs was almost always lovegenerally love of a sweetheart�察�sometimes of the simpler aspects of nature�察�sometimes the love of the Virgin。 Besides this they wrote also many didactic�察�religious�察�and patriotic songs。 The rhythmical and metrical structure of their verse was very complicated and generally very skillful�察�sometimes�察�however�察�running into eccentricities and barren technicalities。 The Minnesinger generally composed the music of his song at the same time with the verse。

The bloom of the Minnesong passed away in the latter half of the thirteenth century。 The songs became theological�察�didactic�察�political�察�more and more forced and complicated in form�察�more and more filled with quaint new figures�察�far´fetched conceits�察�and obscure allusions。 Then gradually developed the school of the Meistersingers�察�who formed themselves into a guild of poets to which only those were admitted who passed examination upon the difficult technical rules that had been built up。 The poetry of the Meistersinigers was�察�for the most part�察�tedious and artificial。 The poets were not nobles and soldiers�察�but burghers and artisans。 They reached their highest development in the sixteenth century。 The most famous of them was Hans Sachs ��1494´1575���察�who�察�in the space of fifty´three years�察�wrote 6181 pieces of verse。


DIETMAR VON AIST。  Twelfth Century。

By the heath stood a lady   All lonely and fair�察�As she watched for her lover�察  �A falcon flew near。 ;Happy falcon� ─�she cried   ;Who can fly where he list�察�And can choose in the forest   The tree he loves best��

;Thus�察�too�察�had I chosen   One knight for mine own�察�Him my eye had selected�察  �Him prized I alone�此�But other fair ladies   Have envied my joy�察�And why�拭�for I sought not   Their bliss to destroy。

;As to thee�察�lovely summer�察  �Returns the birds' strain�察�As on yonder green linden   The leaves spring again�察�So constant doth grief   At my eyes overflow�察�And wilt not thou�察�dearest�察  �Return to me now�拭�


  ;Yes�察�come�察�my own hero�察  �All others desert� �When first my eye saw thee�察  �How graceful thou wert�察�How fair was thy presence�察  �How graceful�察�how bright� �Then think of me only�察  �My own chosen knight� ─    � 。 。 。 。 。 There sat upon the linden´tree   A bird and sang its strain�察�So sweet it sang�察�that�察�as I heard�察  �My heart went back again�此�It went to one remembered spot�察  �I saw the rose´trees grow�察�And thought again the thoughts of love   There cherished long ago。

A thousand years to me it seems   Since by my fair I sat�察�Yet thus to have been a stranger long   Was not my choice�察�but fate�此�Since then I have not seen the flowers�察  �Nor heard the birds' sweet song�察�My joys have all too briefly passed�察  �My griefs been all too long。

Tr。 by Taylor。


WALTHER VON DER VOGELWEIDE。  Early ninteenth Century。 UNDER THE LINDEN。

  Under the linden   On the meadow Where our bed arrange'd was�察  �There now you may find e'en   In the shadow Broken flowers and crushe'd grass。 Near the woods�察�down in the vale   Tandaradi� �Sweetly sang the nightingale。

  I�察�poor sorrowing one�察  �Came to the prairie�察�Look�察�my lover had gone before。   There he received me   Gracious Mary� �That now with bliss I am brimming o'er。 Kissed he me�拭�Ah�察�thousand hours�   �Tandaradi� �See my mouth�察�how red it flowers��

  Then 'gan he making   Oh� �so cheery�察�From flowers a couch most rich outspread。   At which outbreaking   In laughter merry You'll find�察�whoe'er the path does tread。   By the rose he can see   Tandaradi� �Where my head lay cozily。

  How he caressed me   Knew it one ever God defend� �ashamed I'd be。   Whereto he pressed me   No�察�no�察�never Shall any know it but him and me And a birdlet on the tree   Tandaradi� �Sure we can trust it�察�cannot we��

Tr。 by Kroeger。


FROM THE CRUSADERS' HYMN。

Sweet love of Holy Spirit Direct sick mind and steer it�察�God�察�who the first didst rear it�察  �Protect thou Christendom。   It lies of pleasure barren No rose blooms more in Sharon�察�Comfort of all th' ill´starren�察  �Oh� �help dispel the gloom� �Keep�察�Savior�察�from all ill us� �We long for the bounding billows�察�Thy Spirit's love must thrill us�察  �Repentant hearts' true friend。 Thy blood for us thou'st given�察�Unlocked the gates of heaven。 Now strive we as we've striven   To gain the blessed land。 Our wealth and blood grows thinner�察�God yet will make us winner Gainst him�察�who many a sinner   Holds pawne'd in his hand。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 God keep thy help us sending�察�With thy right hand aid lending�察�Protect us till the ending   When at last our soul us leaves�察�From hell´fires�察�flaming clamor Lest we fall 'neath the hammer� �Too oft we've heard with tremor�察�How pitiably it grieves The land so pure and holy All helplessly and fearfully�   �Jerusalem�察�weep lowly�察�That thou forgotten art� �The heathen's boastful glory Put thee in slavery hoary。 Christ�察�by thy name's proud story   In mercy take her part� �And help those sorely shaken Who treaties them would maken That we may not be taken   And conquered at the start。

 Tr。 by Kroeger。


When from the sod the flowerets spring�察  �And smile to meet the sun's bright ray�察 �When birds their sweetest carols sing�察  �In all the morning pride of May�察 �What lovelier than the prospect there�拭 �Can earth boast any thing more fair�拭 �To me it seems an almost heaven�察�So beauteous to my eyes that vision bright is given。

But when a lady chaste and fair�察  �Noble�察�and clad in rich attire�察 �Walks through the throng with gracious air�察  �As sun that bids the stars retire�察 �Then�察�where are all thy boastings�察�May�拭 �What hast thou beautiful and gay�察 �Compared with that supreme delight�拭�We leave thy loveliest flowers�察�and watch that lady bright。

Wouldst thou believe me��come and place   Before thee all this pride of May�察�Then look but on my lady's face�察 �And which is best and brightest say�此  �For me�察�how soon ��if choice were mine��   This would I take�察�and that resign�察  �And say�察 �Though sweet thy beauties�察�May�察�I'd rather forfeit all than lose my lady gay� �

Tr。 by Taylor。


The Minnesingers wrote many songs in praise of the Virgin。 She was the embodiment of pure womanhood�察�their constant object of devotion。 The following extracts are taken from a hymn to the Virgin�察�formerly attributed to Gottfried von Strassburg。 It is one of the greatest of the Minnesongs。 It consists of ninety´three stanzas�察�of which six are given。

Stanza 1。 Ye who your life would glorify And float in bliss to God on high�察  �There to dwell nigh His peace and love's salvation�察�Who fain would learn how to enroll All evil under your control�察  �And rid your soul Of many a sore temptation�察�Give heed unto this song of love�察�And follow its sweet story。 Then will its passing sweetness prove Unto your hearts a winge'd dove   And upward move Your souls to bliss and glory。

Stanza 12。 Ye fruitful heavens�察�from your ways Bend down to hear the tuneful lays   I sing in praise Of her�察�the sainted maiden�察  �Who unto us herself has shown A modest life�察�a crown and throne�察  �Whose love has flown O'er many a heart grief´laden。 Thou too�察�O Christ�察�thine ear incline   To this my adoration�察�In honor of that mother thine Who ever blest must stay and shine�察  �For she's the shrine Of God's whole vast creation。

Stanza 19。 Thou sheen of flowers through clover place�察�Thou lignum aloe's blooming face�察  �Thou sea of grace�察�Where man seeks blessed landing。 Thou roof of rapture high and blest�察�Through which no rain has ever passed�察  �Thou goodly rest�察�Whose end is without ending。 Thou to help´bearing strength a tower   Against all hostile evils。 Thou parriest many a stormy shower Which o'er us cast in darkest hour�察  �The hell worm's power And other ruthless devils。

Stanza 20。 Thou art a sun�察�a moon�察�a star�察�'Tis thou can'st give all good and mar�察  �Yea�察�and debar Our enemies' great cunning。 That power God to thee hath given That living light�察�that light of heaven�此  �Hence see we even Thy praise from all lips running。 Thou' st won the purest�察�noblest fame�察�In all the earth's long story�察�That e'er attached to worldly name�察�It shineth brightly like a flame�察  �All hearts the same Adore its lasting glory。

Stanza 82。 To worship�察�Lady�察�thee is bliss�察�And fruitful hours ne'er pass amiss   To heart that is So sweet a guest's host´mansion。 He who thee but invited hath Into his heart's heart love with faith�察  �Must live and bathe In endless bliss´expansion。 To worship thee stirs up in man A love now tame�察�now passion。 To worship thee doth waken�察�then Love e'en in those love ne'er could gain�察  �Thus now amain Shines forth thy love's concession。

From praising Mary�察�the poet passes to praising Christ。

Stanza 59。 Thou cool�察�thou cold�察�thou warmth�察�thou heat�察�Thou rapture's circle's central seat�察  �Who does not meet With thee stays dead in sadness�察�Each day to him appears a year�察�Seldom his thoughts wear green bloom's gear�察  �He doth appear Forever without gladness。 Thou art most truly our heart's shine Our sun wide joy´inspiring�察�A sweet heart's love for all that pine�察�For all the sad 
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