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grace�此�He prays to Apollin�察�and serves Mahound�察�But he saved him not from the fate he found。
King Marsile held a council and decided to offer Charlemagne a feigned submission。 Karl summons his council to consider this。
Stanza 8。 King Karl is jocund and gay of mood�察�He hath Cordres city at last subdued�察�Its shattered walls and turrets fell By catapult and mangonel�察�Not a heathen did there remain But confessed himself Christian or else was slain。 The Emperor sits in an orchard wide�察�Roland and Olivier by his side�此�Samson the duke�察�and Anseis proud�察�Geoffrey of Anjou�察�whose arm was vowed The royal gonfalon to rear�察�Gereln�察�and his fellow in arms�察�Gerier�此�With them many a gallant lance�察�Full fifteen thousand of gentle France。 The cavaliers sit upon carpets white Playing at tables for their delight�察�The older and sager sit at chess�察�The bachelors fence with a light address。 Seated underneath a pine�察�Close beside an eglantine�察�Upon a throne of beaten gold�察�The lord of ample France behold�察�White his hair and beard were seen�察�Fair of body�察�and proud of mien�察�Who sought him needed not ask�察�I ween。 The ten alight before his feet�察�And him in all observance greet。
The treacherous plot has succeeded。 Charles�察�with the main part of his army�察�has gone ahead�察�the Saracens have fallen on the rear´guard�察�and are destroying it。 Oliver begs Roland to sound his wonderful horn and summon aid。
Stanza 87。 ;O Roland�察�sound on your ivory horn�察�To the ear of Karl shall the blast be borne�此�He will bid his legions backward bend�察�And all his barons their aid will lend。; ;Now God forbid it�察�for very shame�察�That for my kindred were stained with blame�察�Or that gentle France to such vileness fell�此�This good sword that hath served me well�察�My Durindana such strokes shall deal�察�That with blood encrimsoned shall be the steel。 By their evil star are the felons led�察�They shall all be numbered among the dead� �
Stanza 88。 ;Roland�察�Roland�察�yet wind one blast� �Karl will hear ere the gorge be passed�察�And the Franks return on their path fall fast� �I will not sound on mine ivory horn�此�It shall never be spoken of me in scorn�察�That for heathen felons one blast I blew�察�I may not dishonour my lineage true。 But I will strike�察�ere this fight be o'er�察�A thousand strokes and seven hundred more�察�And my Durindana will drip with gore。 Our Franks shall bear them like vassals brave。 The Saracens shall flock but to find a grave。;
Stanza 89。 ;I deem of neither reproach nor stain。 I have seen the Saracen host of Spain�察�Over plain and valley and mountain spread�察�And the regions hidden beneath their tread。 Countless the swarm of the foe�察�and we A marvellous little company。; Roland answered him�察 �All the more My spirit within me burns therefore。 God and the angels of heaven defend That France through me from her glory bend。 Death were better than fame laid low。 Our Emperor loveth a downright blow。;
At last Roland blows his horn�察�but it is too late。 All the Moors are slain or routed�察�but so are all the Franks save Roland�察�and he has received his death blow。
Stanza 195 That Death was on him he knew full well�察�Down from his head to his heart it fell。 On the grass beneath a pinetree's shade�察�With face to earth his form he laid�察�Beneath him placed he his horn and sword�察�And turned his face to the heathen horde。 Thus hath he done the sooth to show�察�That Karl and his warriors all may know�察�That the gentle count a conqueror died。 Mea Culpa full oft he cried�察�And�察�for all his sins�察�unto God above�察�In sign of penance�察�he raised his glove。
Stanza 197。 Beneath a pine was his resting´place�察�To the land of Spain hath he turned his face。 On his memory rose full many a thought Of the lands he won and the fields he fought�察�Of his gentle France�察�of his kin and line�察�Of his nursing father King Karl benign�察�He may not the tear and sob control�察�Nor yet forgets he his parting soul。 To God's compassion he makes his cry�此 �O Father true�察�who canst not lie�察�Who didst Lazarus raise unto life again�察�And Daniel shield in the lions' den�察�Shield my soul from its peril�察�due For the sins I sinned my lifetime through。; He did his right hand glove upliftst。 Gabriel took from his hand the gift�察�Then drooped his head upon his breast�察�And with clasped hands he went to rest。 God from on high sent down to him One of his angel cherubim Saint Michael of Peril of the sea�察�Saint Gabriel in company From heaven they came for that soul of price�察�And they bore it with them to Paradise。
The king hears Roland's horn and hurries back�察�only to find him and all his knights slain。 He swoons�察�revives�察�but swoons again。
Stanza 212。 As Karl the king revived once more�察�His hands were held by barons four。 He saw his nephew�察�cold and wan�察�Stark his frame�察�but his hue was gone�察�His eyes turned inward�察�dark and dim�察�And Karl in love lamented him�此 �Dear Roland�察�God thy spirit rest In paradise�察�amongst His blest� �In evil hour thou soughtest Spain�此�No day shall dawn but sees my pain�察�And me of strength and pride bereft�察�No champion of mine honour left�察�Without a friend beneath the sky�察�And though my kindred still be nigh�察�Is none like thee their ranks among。; With both his hands his beard he wrung。 The Franks bewailed in unison�察�A hundred thousand wept like one。
Stanza 213。 ;Dear Roland�察�I return again To Laon�察�to mine own domain�察�Where men will come from many a land�察�And seek Count Roland at my hand。 A bitter tale must I unfold 'In Spanish earth he lieth cold。' A joyless realm henceforth I hold�察�And weep with daily tears untold。
Stanza 214 ;Dear Roland�察�beautiful and brave�察�All men of me will tidings crave�察�When I return to La Chapelle。 Oh�察�what a tale is mine to tell� �That low my glorious nephew lies。 Now will the Saxon foeman rise�察�Palermitan and Afric bands�察�And men from fierce and distant lands。 To sorrow sorrow must succeed�察�My hosts to battle who shall lead�察�When the mighty captain is overthrown�拭�Ah� �France deserted now�察�and lone。 Come�察�death�察�before such grief I bear。; Began he with his hands to tear�察�A hundred thousand fainted there。
Stanza 215。 ;Dear Roland�察�and was this thy fate�拭�May Paradise thy soul await。 Who slew thee wrought fair France's bane�此�I cannot live so deep my pain。 For me my kindred lie undone�察�And would to Holy Mary's Son�察�Ere I at Cizra's gorge alight�察�My soul may take its parting flight�此�My spirit would with theirs abide�察�My body rest their dust beside。; With sobs his hoary beard he tore。 ;Alas� ─�said Naimes�察 �for the Emperor。;
The Franks take terrible vengeance on the Moors who survive。 Then they bury their dead comrades and all return to France。
Stanza 225。 From Spain the Emperor made retreat�察�To Aix in France�察�his kingly seat�察�And thither�察�to his halls�察�there came�察�Alda�察�the fair and gentle dame。 ;Where is my Roland�察�sire�察─�she cried�察 �Who vowed to take me for his bride�拭�O'er Karl the flood of sorrow swept�察�He tore his beard and loud he wept。 ;Dear Sister�察�gentle friend�察─�he said�察 �Thou seekest one who lieth dead�此�I plight to thee my son instead�察�Louis�察�who lord of my realm shall be。; ;Strange�察─�she said�察 �this seems to me。 God and his angels forbid that I Should live on earth if Poland die。; Pale grow her cheekshe sank amain�察�Down at the feet of Carlemaine。 So died she。 God receive her soul� �The Franks bewail her in grief and dole。
Stanza 226。 So to her death went Alda fair。 The king but deemed she fainted there。 While dropped his tears of pity warm�察�He took her hands and raised her form。 Upon his shoulder drooped her head�察�And Karl was ware that she was dead。 When thus he saw that life was o'er�察�He summoned noble ladies four。 Within a cloister was she borne�察�They watched beside her until morn�察�Beneath a shrine her limbs were laid�察�Such honour Karl to Alda paid。
ROMANCES。
Another form of narrative literature in the Middle Ages is that of Romances�察�and the great products of it are the Arthurian Romances and the Romances of Antiquity。 THE ARTHURIAN CYCLE OF ROMANCES is a set of romantic stories founded on the legends of Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table�察�with which was early fused the legend of the Holy Graal。 The legend has sources as far back as the ninth century�察�but expanded into definite shape in France and England in the twelfth。 It had its first and highest popular development in France。 Here they were collected and thrown into verse by Chrestien de Troyes。 It became at once a general European possession and expanded to vast proportions。 In England the Arthur stories flourished both independently and as translations from French。 Sir Thomas Malory collected in the latter part of the fifteenth century a great number of these sources�察�translated�察�edited�察�abridged�察�and rewrote the whole into that charming book ;Morte D'Arthur;。 It is accepted that this book�察�though so late�察�gives a true impression of the characteristics of the older romances。 We select from this rather than from other translations of French originals�察�to give a mediaeval flavor to the selection and have the advantage of quoting a classic。
Alongside the Arthurian Romances�察�flourished many romances of antiquity。 The more important of these cycles are the ROMANCE OF ALEXANDER and the ROMANCE OF TROY�察�while others worth mentioning are the ROMANCE OF THEBES and the ROMANCE OF AENEAS。 They are all very long poems�察�consisting of series of stories partly derived from classic sources�察�partly invented by trouveres。 They are important ��1�� as connecting�察�however loosely�察�mediaeval with classical literature�察�and ��2�� as showing some scholarship on the part of their authors and interest in general culture。
FROM MORTE D'ARTHUR。
Book I。 Chapter 23。
How Arthur by the mean of Merlin gat Excalibur his sword of the Lady of the lake。
Right so the king and he departed�察�and went until an hermit that was a good man and a great leach。 So the hermit searched all his wounds and gave him good salves�察�so the king was there three days�察�and then were his wounds well amended that he might ride and go�察�and so departed。 And as they rode�察�Arthur said�察�I have no sword。 No force�察�said Merlin�察�hereby is a sword that shall be yours and I may。 So they rode till they came to a lake�察�the which was a fair water and broad�察�and in the midst of the lake Arthur was ware of an arm clothed in white samite�察�that held a fair sword in th
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