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on horsemanship(楠瀧宝)-及6何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



reins an equal length and grasped his spear in the handiest fashion�察�and�察�in 



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the next place�察�he should keep his left arm close to his side。 This position 

will give the rider absolute ease and freedom�撮�11�А�and his hand the firmest 

hold。 

     ��9�А�i。e。 ;below the knee;�察 �shin and calf。; 

     ��10�А�Lit。 ;pulled up; ��and arranged the folds of his mantle��。 

     ��11�А。�eustalestatos���察 �the most business´like deportment。; 

     As   to   reins�察  �we   recommend   those   which   are   well   balanced�察  �without 

being weak or slippery or thick�察�so that when necessary�察�the hand which 

holds them can also grasp a spear。 

     As soon as the rider gives the signal to the horse to start�撮�12�А�he should 

begin   at   a   walking   pace�察  �which   will   tend   to   allay   his   excitement。   If   the 

horse is inclined to droop his head�察�the reins should be held pretty high�察�or 

somewhat low�察�if he is disposed to carry his head high。 This will set off the 

horse's bearing to the best advantage。 Presently�察�as he falls into a natural 

trot�撮�13�А�he will gradually relax his limbs without the slightest suffering�察�

and so come more agreeably to the gallop。��14�А�Since�察�too�察�the preference is 

given to starting on the left foot�察�it will best conduce to that lead if�察�while 

the horse is still trotting�察�the signal to gallop should be given at the instant 

of making a step with his right foot。��15�А�As he is on the point of lifting his 

left foot he   will start   upon   it�察�and   while turning left   will   simultaneously 

make   the   first   bound   of   the   gallop�撮�16�А  �since�察  �as   a   matter   of   instinct�察  �a 

horse�察�on being turned to the right�察�leads off with his right limbs�察�and to 

the left with his left。 

     ��12�А �Forwards� ─�

     ��13�А�Or�察 �the true trot。; 

     ��14�А  。�epirrabdophorein���察   �a   fast   pace   in   response   to   a   wave   of   the 

whip。; 

     ��15�А  �See   Berenger�察  �i。   p。   249�察  �also   the   ;Cavalry   Drill   Book�察─  �Part   I。 

Equitation�察�S。 22�察 �The Canter。; 

     ��16�А   。�tes   episkeliseos���察      �he    will  make     the   forward     stride   of   the 

gallop in the act of turning to the left。; See Morgan ad loc。 

     As   an   exercise�察  �we   recommend   what   is   called   the   volte�撮�17�А  �since   it 



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habituates the animal to turn to either hand�察�while a variation in the order 

of the turn is good as involving an equalisation of both sides of the mouth�察�

in first one�察�and then the other half of the exercise。��18�А�But of the two we 

commend the oval form of the volte rather than the circular�察�for the horse�察�

being already sated with the straight course�察�will be all the more ready to 

turn�察�and will be practised at once in the straight course and in wheeling。 

At   the   curve�察  �he   should   be   held   up�撮�19�А  �because   it   is   neither   easy   nor 

indeed safe when the horse is at full speed to turn sharp�察�especially if the 

ground is broken��20�А�or slippery。 

     ��17�А。�pede���察�figure of eight。 

     ��18�А�Or�察 �on first one and then the other half of the manege。; 

     ��19�А  。�upolambanein��。   See   ;Hipparch�察─  �iii。   14�察   �Hunting�察─  �iii。   10�察  �vi。 

22�察�of a dog。 

     ��20�А。�apokroton���察�al。 ��epikroton���察 �beaten�察�hard´trodden ground。; 

     But   in   collecting   him�察  �the   rider   should   as   little   as   possible   sway   the 

horse obliquely with the bit�察�and as little as possible incline his own body�察�

or�察�he may rest assured�察�a trifle will suffice to stretch him and his horse full 

length upon the ground。 The moment the horse has his eyes fixed on the 

straight course after making a turn�察�is the time to urge him to full speed。 In 

battle�察�obviously�察�these turns and wheelings are with a view to charging or 

retiring�察  �consequently�察  �to   practise   quickening   the   pace   after   wheeling   is 

desirable。   When   the   horse   seems   to   have   had   enough   of   the   manege�察  �it 

would be good to give him a slight pause�察�and then suddenly to put him to 

his quickest�察�away from his fellows first�撮�21�А�and now towards them�察�and 

then again to quiet him down in mid´career as short as possible�撮�22�А�and 

from halt once more to turn him right´about and off again full charge。 It is 

easy to predict that the day will come when there will be need of each of 

these manouvres。 

     ��21�А。�mentoi���察 �of course。; 

     ��22�А�Or�察 �within the narrowest compass;�察 �as finely as possible。; 

     When   the   moment   to   dismount   has   come�察  �you   should   never   do   so 

among      other   horses�察   �nor  near   a  group    of   people�撮�23�А    �nor  outside    the 



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exercising´ground�察     �but  on  the  precise  spot   which   is  the  scene  of  his 

compulsory exertion there let the horse find also relaxation。��24�А�

    ��23�А�Or�察 �a knot of bystanders;�察�cf。 Thuc。 ii。 21。 

    ��24�А�Or�察�as we say�察 �be caressed�察�and dismissed。; 



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                                             VIII 



     As   there   will�察  �doubtless�察  �be   times   when   the   horse   will   need   to   race 

downhill and uphill and on sloping ground�察�times�察�also�察�when he will need 

to leap   across   an   obstacle�察  �or�察 �take   a   flying leap   from  off   a   bank�撮�1�А �or�察�

jump down from a height�察�the rider must teach and train himself and his 

horse to meet all emergencies。 In this way the two will have a chance of 

saving each the other�察�and may be expected to increase their usefulness。 

     ��1�А  。�ekpedan��   =   exsilire   in   altum   ��Sturz�察  �and   so   Berenger���察   �to   leap 

over ditches�察�and upon high places and down from them。; 

     And here�察�if any reader should accuse us of repeating ourselves�察�on the 

ground   that   we   are   only   stating   now   what   we   said   before   on   the   same 

topics�撮�2�А�we say that this is not mere repetition。 In the former case�察�we 

confined      ourselves     to  advising    the   purchaser     before    he  concluded      his 

bargain to test whether the horse could do those particular things�撮�3�А�what 

we are now maintaining is that the owner ought to teach his own horse�察�

and we will explain how this teaching is to be done。 

     ��2�А�Or�察 �treating of a topic already handled。; 

     ��3�А�i。e。 possessed a certain ability at the date of purchase。 

     With a horse entirely ignorant of leaping�察�the best way is to take him 

by   the    leading    rein�察 �which    hangs     loose�察  �and   to  get   across   the   trench 

yourself first�察�and then to pull tight on the leading´rein�察�to induce him to 

leap across。 If he refuses�察�some one with a whip or switch should apply it 

smartly。   The   result   will   be   that   the   horse   will   clear   at   a   bound�察  �not   the 

distance   merely�察  �but   a   far   larger   space   than   requisite�察  �and   for   the   future 

there   will   be   no   need   for   an   actual   blow�察  �the   mere   sight   of   some   one 

coming       up   behind    will   suffice   to  make     him    leap。  As    soon    as  he   is 

accustomed to leap in this way you may mount him and put him first at 

smaller and then at larger trenches。 At the moment of the spring be ready 

to apply the spur�察�and so too�察�when training him to leap up and leap down�察�



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you should touch him with the spur at the critical instant。 In the effort to 

perform any of these actions with the whole body�察�the horse will certainly 

perform them with more safety to himself and to his rider than he will�察�if 

his hind´quarters lag�察�in taking a ditch or fence�察�or in making an upward 

spring or downward jump。��4�А�

     ��4�А  �Lit。   ;in   making   these   jumps�察  �springs�察  �and   leaps   across   or   up   or 

down。; 

     To face a steep incline�察�you must first teach him on soft ground�察�and 

finally�察�when he is accustomed to that�察�he will much prefer the downward 

to   the   upward   slope   for   a   fast   pace。 And   as   to   the   apprehension�察  �which 

some people entertain�察�that a horse may dislocate the shoulder in galloping 

down an incline�察�it should encourage them to learn that the Persians and 

Odrysians   all   run   races   down   precipitous   slopes�撮�5�А  �and   their  horses   are 

every bit as sound as our own。��6�А�

     ��5�А   �Cf。  ;Anab。;     IV。   viii。  28�察  �and   so   the   Georgians      to  this  day 

��Chardin ap。 Courier�察�op。 cit。 p。 70�察�n。 1��。 

     ��6�А�Lit。 ;as are those of the Hellenes。; 

     Nor    must    we   omit   another    topic�此  �how    the  rider   is  to  accomodate 

himself to   these several   movements。��7�А�Thus�察�when   the horse breaks off 

into a gallop�察�the rider ought to bend forward�察�since the horse will be less 

likely to slip from under�察�and so to pitch his rider off。 So again in pulling 

him  up   short��8�А  �the   rider   should   lean   back�察  �and   thus   escape   a   shock。   In 

leaping a ditch or tearing up a steep incline�察�it is no bad plan to let go the 

reins   and   take   hold   of   the   mane�察  �so   that   the   animal   may   not   feel   the 

burthen of the bit in addition to that of the ground。 In going down a steep 

incline the rider must throw himself right back and hold in the horse with 

the   bit�察  �to   prevent   himself   being   hurled   headforemost   down   the   slope 

himself if not his horse。 

     ��7�А�Or�察 �to each set of occurrences。; 

   
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��