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the rape of lucrece-及1何蛍

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                                      1594

                              THE RAPE OF LUCRECE

                             by William Shakespeare





DEDICATION

                               TO THE

                          RIGHT HONOURABLE

                          HENRY WRIOTHESLEY��

                      EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON�察�AND BARON

                            OF TITCHFIELD



  The love I dedicate to your lordship is without end�此�whereof this

pamphlet�察�without beginning is but a superfluous moiety。 The warrant I

have of your honourable disposition�察�not the worth of my untutored

lines�察�make it assured of acceptance。 What I have done is yours��

what I have to do is yours�察�being part in all I have�察�devoted yours。

Were my worth greater�察�my duty would show greater�察�meantime�察�as it is��

it is bound to your lordship�察�to whom I wish long life still

lengthened with all happiness。



                              Your lordship's in all duty��

                                       William Shakespeare

                     THE ARGUMENT



  Lucius Tarquinius�察�for his excessive pride surnamed Superbus��

after he had caused his own father´in´law Servius Tullius to be

cruelly murdered�察�and�察�contrary to the Roman laws and customs�察�not

requiring or staying for the people's suffrages�察�had possessed himself

of the kingdom�察�went accompanied with his sons and other noblemen of

Rome�察�to besiege Ardea。 During which siege the principal men of the

army meeting one evening at the tent of Sextus Tarquinius�察�the

king's son�察�in their discourses after supper every one commended the

virtues of his own wife�察�among whom Collatinus extolled the

incomparable chastity of his wife Lucretia。 In that pleasant humour

they all posted to Rome�察�and intending�察�by their secret and sudden

arrival�察�to make trial of that which every one had before avouched��

only Collatinus finds his wife�察�though it were late in the night��

spinning amongst her maids�此�the other ladies were all found dancing

and revelling�察�or in several disports。 Whereupon the noblemen

yielded Collatinus the victory�察�and his wife the fame。 At that time

Sextus Tarquinius being inflamed with Lucrece' beauty�察�yet

smothering his passions for the present�察�departed with the rest back

to the camp�察�from whence he shortly after privily withdrew himself��

and was�察�according to his estate�察�royally entertained and lodged by

Lucrece at Collatium。 The same night he treacherously stealeth into

her chamber�察�violently ravished her�察�and early in the morning speedeth

away。 Lucrece�察�in this lamentable plight�察�hastily dispatcheth

messengers�察�one to Rome for her father�察�another to the camp for

Collatine。 They came�察�the one accompanied with Junius Brutus�察�the

other with Publius Valerius�察�and finding Lucrece attired in mourning

habit�察�demanded the cause of her sorrow。 She�察�first taking an oath

of them for her revenge�察�revealed the actor and whole manner of his

dealing�察�and withal suddenly stabbed herself。 Which done�察�with one

consent they all vowed to root out the whole hated family of the

Tarquins�察�and bearing the dead body to Rome�察�Brutus acquainted the

people with the doer and manner of the vile deed�察�with a bitter

invective against the tyranny of the king�此�wherewith the people were

so moved�察�that with one consent and a general acclamation the Tarquins

were all exiled�察�and the state government changed from kings to

consuls。



      From the besieged Ardea all in post��

      Borne by the trustless wings of false desire��

      Lust´breathed Tarquin leaves the Roman host��

      And to Collatium bears the lightless fire

      Which�察�in pale embers hid�察�lurks to aspire

        And girdle with embracing flames the waist

        Of Collatine's fair love�察�Lucrece the chaste。



      Haply that name of chaste unhapp'ly set

      This bateless edge on his keen appetite��

      When Collatine unwisely did not let

      To praise the clear unmatched red and white

      Which triumphed in that sky of his delight��

        Where mortal stars�察�as bright as heaven's beauties��

        With pure aspects did him peculiar duties。



      For he the night before�察�in Tarquin's tent��

      Unlocked the treasure of his happy state��

      What priceless wealth the heavens had him lent

      In the possession of his beauteous mate��

      Reck'ning his fortune at such high´proud rate

        That kings might be espoused to more fame��

        But king nor peer to such a peerless dame。



      O happiness enjoyed but of a few��

      And�察�if possessed�察�as soon decayed and done

      As is the morning silver´melting dew

      Against the golden splendour of the sun��

      An expired date�察�cancelled ere well begun��

        Honour and beauty�察�in the owner's arms��

        Are weakly fortressed from a world of harms。



      Beauty itself doth of itself persuade

      The eyes of men without an orator��

      What needeth then apology be made��

      To set forth that which is so singular��

      Or why is Collatine the publisher

        Of that rich jewel he should keep unknown

        From thievish ears�察�because it is his own��



      Perchance his boast of Lucrece' sov'reignty

      Suggested this proud issue of a king��

      For by our cars our hearts oft tainted be。

      Perchance that envy of so rich a thing��

      Braving compare�察�disdainfully did sting

        His high´pitched thoughts�察�that meaner men should vaunt

        That golden hap which their superiors want。



      But some untimely thought did instigate

      His all too timeless speed�察�if none of those。

      His honour�察�his affairs�察�his friends�察�his state��

      Neglected all�察�with swift intent he goes

      To quench the coal which in his liver glows。

        O rash´false heat�察�wrapped in repentant cold��

        Thy hasty spring still blasts�察�and ne'er grows old��



      When at Collatium this false lord arrived��

      Well was he welcomed by the Roman dame��

      Within whose face beauty and virtue strived

      Which of them both should underprop her fame��

      When virtue bragged�察�beauty would blush for shame��

        When beauty boasted blushes�察�in despite

        Virtue would stain that o'er with silver white。



      But beauty�察�in that white entituled��

      From Venus' doves doth challenge that fair field��

      Then virtue claims from beauty beauty's red��

      Which virtue gave the golden age to gild

      Their silver cheeks�察�and called it then their shield��

        Teaching them thus to use it in the fight��

        When shame assailed�察�the red should fence the white。



      This heraldry in Lucrece' face was seen��

      Argued by beauty's red and virtue's white��

      Of either's colour was the other queen��

      Proving from world's minority their right��

      Yet their ambition makes them still to fight��

        The sovereignty of either being so great

        That oft they interchange each other's seat。



      This silent war of lilies and of roses

      Which Tarquin viewed in her fair face's field��

      In their pure ranks his traitor eye encloses��

      Where�察�lest between them both it should be killed��

      The coward captive vanquished doth yield

        To those two armies that would let him go

        Rather than triumph in so false a foe。



      Now thinks he that her husband's shallow tongue��

      The niggard prodigal that praised her so��

      In that high task hath done her beauty wrong��

      Which far exceeds his barren skill to show��

      Therefore that praise which Collatine doth owe

        Enchanted Tarquin answers with surmise��

        In silent wonder of still´gazing eyes。



      This earthly saint�察�adored by this devil��

      Little suspecteth the false worshipper��

      ;For unstained thoughts do seldom dream on evil��

      ;Birds never limed no secret bushes fear。

      So guiltless she securely gives good cheer

        And reverend welcome to her princely guest��

        Whose inward ill no outward harm expressed��



      For that he coloured with his high estate��

      Hiding base sin in pleats of majesty��

      That nothing in him seemed inordinate��

      Save sometime too much wonder of his eye��

      Which�察�having all�察�all could not satisfy��

        But�察�poorly rich�察�so wanteth in his store

        That cloyed with much he pineth still for more。



      But she�察�that never coped with stranger eyes��

      Could pick no meaning from their parling looks��

      Nor read the subtle´shining secrecies

      Writ in the glassy margents of such books。

      She touched no unknown baits�察�nor feared no hooks��

        Nor could she moralize his wanton sight��

        More than his eyes were opened to the light。



      He stories to her ears her husband's fame��

      Won in the fields of fruitful Italy��

      And decks with praises Collatine's high name��

      Made glorious by his manly chivalry

      With bruised arms and wreaths of victory。

        Her joy with heaved´up hand she doth express��

        And wordless so greets heaven for his success。



      Far from the purpose of his coming thither��

      He makes excuses for his being there。

      No cloudy show of stormy blust'ring weather

      Doth yet in his fair welkin once appear��

      Till sable Night�察�mother of dread and fear��

        Upon the world dim darkness doth display��

        And in her vaulty prison stows the day。



      For then is Tarquin brought unto his bed��

      Intending weariness with heavy sprite��

      For after supper long he questioned

      With modest Lucrece�察�and wore out the night。

      Now leaden slumber with life's strength doth fight��

        And every one to rest himself betakes��

        Save thieves and cares and troubled minds that wakes。



      As one of which doth Tarquin lie revolving

     
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