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memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v2-及15何蛍
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fail to be fully appreciated。; He concluded by saying he would write to
him at length on the subject。
History will speak as favourably of M。 de Talleyrand as his
contemporaries have spoken ill of him。 When a statesman�察�throughout a
great�察�long�察�and difficult career�察�makes and preserves a number of
faithful friends�察�and provokes but few enemies�察�it must be acknowledged
that his character is honourable and his talent profound�察�and that his
political conduct has been wise and moderate。 It is impossible to know
M。 de Talleyrand without admiring him。 All who have that advantage�察�no
doubt�察�judge him as I do。
In the month of November of the same year Bonaparte sent Poussielgue��
under the pretence of inspecting the ports of the Levant�察�to give the
finishing stroke to the meditated expedition against Malta。
General Desaix�察�whom Bonaparte had made the confidant of all his plans at
their interview in Italy after the preliminaries of Leoben�察�wrote to him
from Affenbourg�察�on his return to Germany�察�that he regarded the fleet of
Corfu with great interest。 ;If ever�察─�said he�察 �it should be engaged in
the grand enterprises of which I have heard you speak�察�do not�察�I beseech
you�察�forget me。; Bonaparte was far from forgetting him。
The Directory at first disapproved of the expedition against Malta�察�which
Bonaparte had proposed long before the treaty of Campo´Formio was signed。
The expedition was decided to be impossible�察�for Malta had observed
strict neutrality�察�and had on several occasions even assisted our ships
and seamen。 Thus we had no pretext for going to war with her。 It was
said�察�too�察�that the legislative body would certainly not look with a
favourable eye on such a measure。 This opinion�察�which�察�however�察�did not
last long�察�vexed Bonaparte。 It was one of the disappointments which made
him give a rough welcome to Bottot�察�Barras' agent�察�at the commencement of
October 1797。
In the course of an animated conversation he said to Bottot�察�shrugging
his shoulders�察 �Mon Dieu� �Malta is for sale� ─�Sometime after he himself
was told that ;great importance was attached to the acquisition of Malta��
and that he must not suffer it to escape。; At the latter end of
September 1797 Talleyrand�察�then Minister of Foreign Affairs�察�wrote to him
that the Directory authorized him to give the necessary orders to Admiral
Brueys for taking Malta。 He sent Bonaparte some letters for the island��
because Bonaparte had said it was necessary to prepare the public mind
for the event。
Bonaparte exerted himself night and day in the execution of his projects。
I never saw him so active。 He made himself acquainted with the abilities
of the respective generals�察�and the force of all the army corps。 Orders
and instructions succeeded each other with extraordinary rapidity。 If he
wanted an order of the Directory he ran to the Luxembourg to get it
signed by one of the Directors。 Merlin de Douai was generally the person
who did him this service�察�for he was the most constant at his post。
Lagarde�察�the Secretary´General�察�did not countersign any document relative
to this expedition�察�Bonaparte not wishing him to be informed of the
business。 He transmitted to Toulon the money taken at Berne�察�which the
Directory had placed at his disposal。 It amounted to something above
3��000��000 francs。 In those times of disorder and negligence the finances
were very badly managed。 The revenues were anticipated and squandered
away�察�so that the treasury never possessed so large a sum as that just
mentioned。
It was determined that Bonaparte should undertake an expedition of an
unusual character to the East。 I must confess that two things cheered me
in this very painful interval�察�my friendship and admiration for the
talents of the conqueror of Italy�察�and the pleasing hope of traversing
those ancient regions�察�the historical and religious accounts of which had
engaged the attention of my youth。
It was at Passeriano that�察�seeing the approaching termination of his
labours in Europe�察�he first began to turn serious attention to the East。
During his long strolls in the evening in the magnificent park there he
delighted to converse about the celebrated events of that part of the
world�察�and the many famous empires it once possessed。 He used to say��
;Europe is a mole´hill。 There have never been great empires and
revolutions except in the East�察�where there are 600��000��000 men。; He
considered that part of the world as the cradle of all religious�察�of all
metaphysical extravagances。 This subject was no less interesting than
inexhaustible�察�and he daily introduced it when conversing with the
generals with whom he was intimate�察�with Monge�察�and with me。
Monge entirely concurred in the General´in´Chief's opinions on this
point�察�and his scientific ardour was increased by Bonaparte's enthusiasm。
In short�察�all were unanimously of one opinion。 The Directory had no
share in renewing the project of this memorable expedition�察�the result of
which did not correspond with the grand views in which it had been
conceived。 Neither had the Directory any positive control over
Bonaparte's departure or return。 It was merely the passive instrument of
the General's wishes�察�which it converted into decrees�察�as the law
required。 He was no more ordered to undertake the conquest of Egypt than
he was instructed as to the plan of its execution。 Bonaparte organised
the army of the East�察�raised money�察�and collected ships�察�and it was he
who conceived the happy idea of joining to the expedition men
distinguished in science and art�察�and whose labours have made known�察�in
its present and past state�察�a country�察�the very name of which is never
pronounced without exciting grand recollections。
Bonaparte's orders flew like lightning from Toulon to Civita Vecchia。
With admirable precision he appointed some forces to assemble before
Malta�察�and others before Alexandria。 He dictated all these orders to me
in his Cabinet。
In the position in which France stood with respect to Europe�察�after the
treaty of Campo´Formio�察�the Directory�察�far from pressing or even
facilitating this expedition�察�ought to have opposed it。 A victory on the
Adige would have been far better far France than one on the Nile。 From
all I saw�察�I am of opinion that the wish to get rid of an ambitious and
rising man�察�whose popularity excited envy�察�triumphed over the evident
danger of removing�察�for an indefinite period�察�an excellent army�察�and the
possible loss of the French fleet。 As to Bonaparte�察�he was well assured
that nothing remained for him but to choose between that hazardous
enterprise and his certain ruin。 Egypt was�察�he thought�察�the right place
to maintain his reputation�察�and to add fresh glory to his name。
On the 12th of April 1798 he was appointed General´in´Chief of the army
of the East。
It was about this time that Marmont was married to Mademoiselle
Perregaux�察�and Bonaparte's aide de camp�察�La Valletta�察�to Mademoiselle
Beauharnais。
��Sir Walter Scott informs us that Josephine�察�when she became
Empress�察�brought about the marriage between her niece and La
Vallette。 This is another fictitious incident of his historical
romance。Bourrienne。��
Shortly before our departure I asked Bonaparte how long he intended to
remain in Egypt。 He replied�察 �A few months�察�or six years�此�all depends on
circumstances。 I will colonise the country。 I will bring them artists
and artisans of every description�察�women�察�actors�察�etc。 We are but nine´
and´twenty now�察�and we shall then be five´and´thirty。 That is not an old
age。 Those six years will enable me�察�if all goes well�察�to get to India。
Give out that you are going to Brest。 Say so even to your family。; I
obeyed�察�to prove my discretion and real attachment to him。
Bonaparte wished to form a camp library of cabinet editions�察�and he gave
me a list of the books which I was to purchase。 This list is in his own
writing�察�and is as follows��
CAMP LIBRARY。
1。 ARTS AND SCIENCE。 Fontenelle's Worlds�察�1 vol。 Letters to a German
Princess�察�2 vols。 Courses of the Normal School�察�6 vols。 The Artillery
Assistant�察�1 vol。 Treatise on Fortifications�察�3 vols。 Treatise on
Fireworks�察�1 vol。
2。 GEOGRAPHY AND TRAVELS。 Barclay's Geography�察�12 vols。 Cook's
Voyages�察�3 vols。 La Harpe's Travels�察�24 vols。
3。 HISTORY。 Plutarch�察�12 vols。 Turenne�察�2 vols。 Conde�察�4 vols。
Villars�察�4 vols。 Luxembourg�察�2 vols。 Duguesclin�察�2 vols。
Saxe�察�3 vols。 Memoirs of the Marshals of France�察�20 vols。 President
Hainault�察�4 vols。 Chronology�察�2 vols。 Marlborough�察�4 vols。 Prince
Eugene�察�6 vols。 Philosophical History of India�察�12 vols。
Germany�察�2 vols。 Charles XII。�察�1 vol。 Essay on the Manners of
Nations�察�6 vols。 Peter the Great�察�1 vol。 Polybius�察�6 vols。
Justin�察�2 vols。 Arrian�察�3 vols。 Tacitus�察�2 vols。 Titus Livy��
Thucydides�察�2 vols。 Vertot�察�4 vols。 Denina�察�8 vols。
Frederick II�察�8 vols。
4。 POETRY。 Osaian�察�1 vol。 Tasso�察�6 vols。 Ariosto�察�6 vols。
Homer�察�6 vols。 Virgil�察�4 vols。 The Henriade�察�1 vol。
Telemachus�察�2 vols。 Les Jardin�察�1 vol。 The Chefs´d'Oeuvre of the
French Theatre�察�20 vols。 Select Light Poetry�察�10 vols。 La Fontaine。
5。 ROMANCE。 Voltaire�察�4 vols。 Heloise�察�4 vols。 Werther�察�1 vol。
Marmontel�察�4 vols。 English Novels�察�40 vols。 Le Sage�察�10 vols。
Prevost�察�10 vols。
6。 POLITICS AND MORALS。 The Old Testament。 The New Testament。 The
Koran。 The Vedan。 Mythology。 Montesquieu。 The Esprit des Lois。
It will be observed that he classed the books of the religious creeds of
nations under the head of ;politics。;
The autograph copy of the above list contains some of those
orthographical blunders which Bonaparte so frequently committed。 Whether
these blunders are attributable to the limited course of instruction he
received at Brienne�察�to his hasty writing�察�the rapid flow of his ideas��
or the little importance he attached to that indispensable condition of
polite education�察�I know not。 Knowing so well as he did the authors and
generals whose names appear in the above list�察�it is curious that he
should have written Ducecling for Duguesclin�察�and Ocean for Ossian。 The
latter mistake would have puzzled me n
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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