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the sportsman(塰強埀)-及1何蛍
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The Sportsman
The Sportsman
by Xenophon
Translation by H。 G。 Dakyns
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The Sportsman
Xenophon the Athenian was born 431 B。C。 He was a pupil of
Socrates。 He marched with the Spartans�察 �and was exiled from Athens。
Sparta gave him land and property in Scillus�察 �where he lived for many
years before having to move once more�察�to settle in Corinth。 He died in
354 B。C。
The Sportsman is a manual on hunting hares�察 �deer and wild boar�察�
including the topics of dogs�察�and the benefits of hunting for the young。
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The Sportsman
I
To the gods themselves is due the discovery�察�to Apollo and Artemis�察�
patrons of the chase and protectors of the hound。��1�А�As a guerdon they
bestowed it upon Cheiron�撮�2�А�by reason of his uprightness�察�and he took it
and was glad�察�and turned the gift to good account。 At his feet sat many a
disciple�察�to whom he taught the mystery of hunting and of chivalry��3��to
wit�察�Cephalus�察�Asclepius�察�Melanion�察�Nestor�察�Amphiaraus�察�Peleus�察�Telamon�察�
Meleager�察 �Theseus and Hippolytus�察 �Palamedes�察 �Odysseus�察 �Menestheus�察�
Diomed�察 �Castor and Polydeuces�察 �Machaon and Podaleirius�察 �Antilochus�察�
Aeneas and Achilles�此�of whom each in his turn was honoured by the gods。
And let none marvel that of these the greater part�察�albeit well´pleasing to
the gods�察�nevertheless were subject to deathwhich is the way of nature�撮�4�А�
but their fame has grownnor yet that their prime of manhood so far
differed。 The lifetime of Cheiron sufficed for all his scholars�察 �the fact
being that Zeus and Cheiron were brethren�察�sons of the same father but of
different mothersZeus of Rhea�察�and Cheiron of the nymph Nais�撮�5�А�and
so it is that�察�though older than all of them�察�he died not before he had taught
the youngestto wit�察�the boy Achilles。��6�А�
��1�А�Or�察 �This thing is the invention of no mortal man�察�but of Apollo
and Artemis�察 �to whom belong hunting and dogs。; For the style of
exordium L。 Dind。 cf ��Ps。�� Dion。 ;Art。 rhet。; ad in。�察�Galen�察 �Isagog。;
ad in。�察�Alex。 Aphrodis。 ;Probl。; 2 proem。
��2�А �The wisest and ;justest of all the centaurs�察─ �Hom。 ;Il。; xi。 831。
See Kingsley�察 �The Heroes�察─�p。 84。
��3�А�Or�察 �the discipline of the hunting field and other noble lore。;
��4�А�Lit。 ;since that is nature�察�but the praise of them grew greatly。;
��5�А �According to others�察 �Philyra。 Pind。 ;Pyth。; iii。 1�察 。�ethelon
Kheirona ke Philuridan���察�cf。 ;Pyth。; vi。 22�察 �Nem。; iii。 43。
��6�А�See Paus。 iii。 18。 12。
Thanks to the careful heed they paid to dogs and things pertaining to
the chase�察 �thanks also to the other training of their boyhood�察 �all these
greatly excelled�察�and on the score of virtue were admired。
If Cephalus was caught into the arms of one that was a goddess�撮�7�А�
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The Sportsman
Asclepius��8�А�obtained yet greater honour。 To him it was given to raise the
dead and to heal the sick�察�whereby�撮�9�А�even as a god among mortal men�察�
he has obtained to himself imperishable glory。 Melanion��10�А �so far
excelled in zest for toil that he alone of all that flower of chivalry who
were his rivals��11�А �obtained the prize of noblest wedlock with Atalanta�察�
while as to Nestor�察 �what need to repeat the well´known tale�拭�so far and
wide for many a day has the fame of his virtue penetrated the ears of
Hellas。��12�А�
��7�А�Hemera ��al。 Eos��。 For the rape of Cephalus see Hes。 ;Theog。; 986�察�
Eur。 ;Ion�察─�269�察�Paus。 i。 3。 1�察�iii。 18。 7。
��8�А �Lat。 Aesculapius。 Father of Podaleirius and Machaon�察 �the noble
leech�察─ �Il。; ii。 731�察�iv。 194�察�219�察�xi。 518�察 �Od。; iv。 232。
��9�А�Cf。 ;Anab。; I。 ii。 8�察�Lincke�察 �z。 Xen。 Krit。; p。 299。
��10�А�Melanion�察�s。 Meilanion�察�Paus。 iii。 12。 9�察�v。 17。 10�察�v。 19。 1。
��11�А �Which were his rival suitors。; As to Atalanta see Paus。 viii。
45。 2�察�iii。 24。 2�察�v。 19。 2�察�Grote�察 �H。 G。; i。 199 foll。
��12�А �Lit。 ;the virtue of Nestor has so far penetrated the ears of
Hellas that I should speak to those who know。; See Hom。 ;Il。; i。 247�察�
and passim。
Amphiaraus�撮�13�А�what time he served as a warrior against Thebes�察�won
for himself the highest praise�察�and from heaven obtained the honour of a
deathless life。��14�А�
��13�А�Amphiaraus。 Pind。 ;Nem。; ix。 13´27�察 �Olymp。; vi。 11´16�察�Herod。 i。
52�察�Paus。 ix。 8。 2�察�18。 2´4�察�ii。 23。2�察�i。 34�察�Liv。 xlv。 27�察�Cic。 ;de Div。; i。
40。 See Aesch。 ;Sept。 c。 Th。; 392�察�Eur。 ;Phoen。; 1122 foll。�察�Apollod。
iii。 6�察�Strab。 ix。 399�察�404。
��14�А�Lit。 ;to be honoured ever living。;
Peleus kindled in the gods desire to give him Thetis�察�and to hymn their
nuptials at the board of Cheiron。��15�А�
��15�А �For the marriage of Peleus and Thetis see Hom。 ;Il。; xxiv。 61�察�
cf。 Pope's rendering�此�
To grace those nuptials from the bright abode Yourselves were present�察�
when this minstrel god ��Well pleased to share the feast�� amid the quire
Stood proud to hymn�察�and tune his youthful lyre �─�Homer's Il。; xxiv。��
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The Sportsman
Prof。 Robinson Ellis �─�Comment on Catull。; lxiv。�� cites numerous
passages�此 �Eur。 ;I。 in T。; 701 foll。�察 �1036 foll。�察 �Pind。 ;Isthm。; v。 24�察�
;Pyth。; iii。 87´96�察�Isocr。 ;Evag。; 192。 6�察�Apoll。 Rh。 iv。 791�察 �Il。; xxiv。
61�察 �Hes。 ;Theog。; 1006�察 �and ;Epithal。; ��ap。 Tsetz�察 �Prol。 ad
Lycophr。���此�
��tris makar Aiakide kai tetrakis olbie Peleu os toisd' en megarois ieron
lekhos eisanabaineis��。
The mighty Telamon��16�А �won from the greatest of all states and
wedded her whom he desired�察�Periboea the daughter of Alcathus�撮�17�А�and
when the first of Hellenes�撮�18�А�Heracles��19�А�the son of Zeus�察�distributed
rewards of valour after taking Troy�察�to Telamon he gave Hesione。��20�А�
��16�А �See ;Il。; viii。 283l Paus。 i。 42。 1´4。 ��17�А �Or Alcathous�察 �who
rebuilt the walls of Megara by Apollo's aid。 Ov。 ;Met。; viii。 15 foll。
��18�А �Reading ��o protos���察 �or if with L。 D。 ��tois protois���察 �what time
Heracles was distributing to the heroes of Hellas ��lit。 the first of the
Hellenes�� prizes of valour�察�to Telamon he gave。;
��19�А�See Hom。 ;Il。; v。 640�察�Strab。 xiii。 595。
��20�А�See Diod。 iv。 32�察�i。 42。
Of Meleager��21�А �be it said�察 �whereas the honours which he won are
manifest�察�the misfortunes on which he fell�察�when his father��22�А�in old age
forgot the goddess�察�were not of his own causing。��23�А�
��21�А�For the legend of Meleager see ;Il。; ix。 524´599�察�dramatised by
both Sophocles and Euripides�察 �and in our day by Swinburne�察�
;Atalanta in Calydon。; Cf。 Paus。 iii。 8。 9�察�viii。 54。 4�察�Ov。 ;Met。; viii。
300�察�Grote�察 �H。 G。; i。 195。
��22�А�i。e。 Oeneus。 ;Il。; ix。 535。
��23�А�Or�察 �may not be laid to his charge。;
Theseus��24�А�single´handed destroyed the enemies of collective Hellas�察�
and in that he greatly enlarged the boundaries of his fatherland�察�is still to´
day the wonder of mankind。��25�А�
��24�А �See ;Mem。; II。 i。 14�察 �III。 v。 10�察 �cf。 Isocr。 ;Phil。; 111�察 �Plut。
;Thes。; x。 foll。�察�Diod。 iv。 59�察�Ov。 ;Met。; vii。 433。
��25�А �Or�察 �is held in admiration still to´day。; See Thuc。 ii。 15�察�
Strab。 ix。 397。
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The Sportsman
Hippolytus��26�А �was honoured by our lady Artemis and with her
conversed�撮�27�А�and in his latter end�察�by reason of his sobriety and holiness�察�
was reckoned among the blest。
��26�А�See the play of Euripides。 Paus。 i。 22�察�Diod。 iv。 62。
��27�А�Al。 ;lived on the lips of men。; But cf。 Eur。 ;Hipp。; 85�察。�soi kai
xeneimi kai logois s' ameibomai��。 See Frazer�察 �Golden Bough�察─�i。 6�察�
for the Hippolytus´Virbius myth。
Palamedes��28�А �all his days on earth far outshone those of his own
times in wisdom�察�and when slain unjustly�察�won from heaven a vengeance
such as no other mortal man may boast of。��29�А�Yet died he not at their
hands��30�А�whom some suppose�察�else how could the one of them have been
accounted all but best�察�and the other a compeer of the good�拭�No�察�not they�察�
but base men wrought that deed。
��28�А �As to Palamedes�察 �son of Nauplius�察 �his genius and treacherous
death�察�see Grote�察 �H。 G。; i。 400�察 �Mem。; IV。 ii。 33�察 �Apol。; 26�察 �Plat。
;Apol。; 41�察 �Rep。; vii。 522�察 �Eur。 fr。 ;Palam。;�察 �Ov。 ;Met。; xiii。 56�察�
Paus。 x。 31。 1�察�ii。 20。 3。
��29�А �For the vengeance see Schol。 ad Eur。 ;Orest。; 422�察 �Philostr。
;Her。; x。 Cf。 S
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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