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the sportsman(塰強埀)-及1何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



                         The Sportsman 



The Sportsman 



                      by Xenophon 



           Translation by H。 G。 Dakyns 



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                                        The Sportsman 



       Xenophon       the   Athenian     was   born    431   B。C。    He   was    a  pupil   of 

Socrates。   He   marched   with   the   Spartans�察  �and   was   exiled   from   Athens。 

Sparta   gave   him   land   and   property   in   Scillus�察  �where   he   lived   for   many 

years before having to move once more�察�to settle in Corinth。 He died in 

354 B。C。 

     The   Sportsman   is   a   manual   on   hunting   hares�察  �deer   and   wild   boar�察�

including the topics of dogs�察�and the benefits of hunting for the young。 



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                                        The Sportsman 



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     To the gods themselves is   due the  discovery�察�to Apollo and Artemis�察�

patrons   of   the   chase   and   protectors   of   the   hound。��1�А�As   a   guerdon   they 

bestowed it upon Cheiron�撮�2�А�by reason of his uprightness�察�and he took it 

and was glad�察�and turned the gift to good account。 At his feet sat many a 

disciple�察�to whom he taught the mystery of hunting and of chivalry��3��to 

wit�察�Cephalus�察�Asclepius�察�Melanion�察�Nestor�察�Amphiaraus�察�Peleus�察�Telamon�察�

Meleager�察  �Theseus   and   Hippolytus�察  �Palamedes�察  �Odysseus�察  �Menestheus�察�

Diomed�察  �Castor   and   Polydeuces�察  �Machaon   and   Podaleirius�察  �Antilochus�察�

Aeneas and Achilles�此�of whom each in his turn was honoured by the gods。 

And let none marvel that of these the greater part�察�albeit well´pleasing to 

the gods�察�nevertheless were subject to deathwhich is the way of nature�撮�4�А�

but   their   fame   has   grownnor   yet   that   their   prime   of   manhood   so   far 

differed。   The   lifetime   of   Cheiron   sufficed   for   all   his   scholars�察  �the   fact 

being that Zeus and Cheiron were brethren�察�sons of the same father but of 

different mothersZeus of Rhea�察�and Cheiron of the nymph Nais�撮�5�А�and 

so it is that�察�though older than all of them�察�he died not before he had taught 

the youngestto wit�察�the boy Achilles。��6�А�

     ��1�А�Or�察  �This thing   is   the invention of no   mortal   man�察�but   of Apollo 

and    Artemis�察    �to  whom      belong     hunting    and   dogs。;    For   the   style   of 

exordium L。 Dind。 cf ��Ps。�� Dion。 ;Art。 rhet。; ad in。�察�Galen�察                      �Isagog。; 

ad in。�察�Alex。 Aphrodis。 ;Probl。; 2 proem。 

     ��2�А  �The   wisest   and   ;justest   of   all   the   centaurs�察─  �Hom。   ;Il。;   xi。   831。 

See Kingsley�察 �The Heroes�察─�p。 84。 

     ��3�А�Or�察 �the discipline of the hunting field and other noble lore。; 

     ��4�А�Lit。 ;since that is nature�察�but the praise of them grew greatly。; 

     ��5�А   �According      to   others�察  �Philyra。    Pind。    ;Pyth。;    iii。  1�察 。�ethelon 

Kheirona ke Philuridan���察�cf。 ;Pyth。; vi。 22�察 �Nem。; iii。 43。 

     ��6�А�See Paus。 iii。 18。 12。 

     Thanks to the careful heed they paid to dogs and things pertaining to 

the   chase�察  �thanks   also   to   the   other   training   of   their   boyhood�察  �all   these 

greatly excelled�察�and on the score of virtue were admired。 

     If   Cephalus   was   caught   into   the   arms   of   one   that   was   a   goddess�撮�7�А�



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Asclepius��8�А�obtained yet greater honour。 To him it was given to raise the 

dead and to heal the sick�察�whereby�撮�9�А�even as a god among mortal men�察�

he    has   obtained     to   himself    imperishable       glory。   Melanion��10�А       �so  far 

excelled   in   zest   for   toil   that   he   alone   of   all   that   flower   of   chivalry   who 

were  his   rivals��11�А  �obtained   the   prize  of   noblest   wedlock   with Atalanta�察�

while as to   Nestor�察 �what need to   repeat the well´known   tale�拭�so   far   and 

wide   for   many   a   day   has   the   fame   of   his   virtue   penetrated   the   ears   of 

Hellas。��12�А�

     ��7�А�Hemera ��al。 Eos��。 For the rape of Cephalus see Hes。 ;Theog。; 986�察�

Eur。 ;Ion�察─�269�察�Paus。 i。 3。 1�察�iii。 18。 7。 

     ��8�А  �Lat。 Aesculapius。   Father   of   Podaleirius   and   Machaon�察   �the   noble 

leech�察─ �Il。; ii。 731�察�iv。 194�察�219�察�xi。 518�察 �Od。; iv。 232。 

     ��9�А�Cf。 ;Anab。; I。 ii。 8�察�Lincke�察 �z。 Xen。 Krit。; p。 299。 

     ��10�А�Melanion�察�s。 Meilanion�察�Paus。 iii。 12。 9�察�v。 17。 10�察�v。 19。 1。 

     ��11�А   �Which   were   his   rival   suitors。;   As   to   Atalanta   see   Paus。   viii。 

45。 2�察�iii。 24。 2�察�v。 19。 2�察�Grote�察 �H。 G。; i。 199 foll。 

     ��12�А   �Lit。   ;the   virtue   of  Nestor     has   so  far   penetrated     the   ears   of 

Hellas that I should speak to those who know。; See Hom。 ;Il。; i。                          247�察�

and passim。 

     Amphiaraus�撮�13�А�what time he served as a warrior against Thebes�察�won 

for himself the highest praise�察�and from heaven obtained the honour of a 

deathless life。��14�А�

     ��13�А�Amphiaraus。 Pind。 ;Nem。; ix。 13´27�察 �Olymp。; vi。 11´16�察�Herod。 i。 

52�察�Paus。 ix。 8。 2�察�18。 2´4�察�ii。 23。2�察�i。 34�察�Liv。 xlv。 27�察�Cic。                  ;de Div。; i。 

40。 See Aesch。 ;Sept。 c。 Th。; 392�察�Eur。 ;Phoen。; 1122                         foll。�察�Apollod。 

iii。 6�察�Strab。 ix。 399�察�404。 

     ��14�А�Lit。 ;to be honoured ever living。; 

     Peleus kindled in the gods desire to give him Thetis�察�and to hymn their 

nuptials at the board of Cheiron。��15�А�

     ��15�А  �For   the   marriage   of   Peleus   and   Thetis   see   Hom。   ;Il。;   xxiv。   61�察�

cf。 Pope's rendering�此�

     To grace those nuptials from the bright abode Yourselves were present�察�

when   this   minstrel   god   ��Well   pleased   to   share   the   feast��   amid   the   quire 

Stood proud to hymn�察�and tune his youthful lyre �─�Homer's Il。; xxiv。�� 



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           Prof。 Robinson Ellis �─�Comment on Catull。; lxiv。�� cites numerous 

passages�此  �Eur。   ;I。   in   T。;   701   foll。�察  �1036   foll。�察  �Pind。   ;Isthm。;   v。  24�察�

;Pyth。; iii。 87´96�察�Isocr。 ;Evag。; 192。 6�察�Apoll。 Rh。 iv。 791�察                    �Il。; xxiv。 

61�察   �Hes。    ;Theog。;     1006�察   �and    ;Epithal。;    ��ap。   Tsetz�察          �Prol。     ad 

Lycophr。���此�

     ��tris makar Aiakide kai tetrakis olbie Peleu os toisd' en megarois ieron 

lekhos eisanabaineis��。 

     The    mighty     Telamon��16�А      �won    from   the   greatest   of   all  states  and 

wedded her whom he desired�察�Periboea the daughter of Alcathus�撮�17�А�and 

when the first of Hellenes�撮�18�А�Heracles��19�А�the son of Zeus�察�distributed 

rewards of valour after taking Troy�察�to Telamon he gave Hesione。��20�А�

     ��16�А  �See   ;Il。;   viii。   283l   Paus。   i。   42。   1´4。 ��17�А  �Or   Alcathous�察  �who 

rebuilt the walls of Megara by Apollo's aid。                  Ov。 ;Met。; viii。 15 foll。 

     ��18�А �Reading   ��o   protos���察  �or   if   with   L。   D。   ��tois   protois���察   �what   time 

Heracles was distributing to the heroes of Hellas ��lit。 the first                     of the 

Hellenes�� prizes of valour�察�to Telamon he gave。; 

     ��19�А�See Hom。 ;Il。; v。 640�察�Strab。 xiii。 595。 

     ��20�А�See Diod。 iv。 32�察�i。 42。 

     Of   Meleager��21�А  �be   it   said�察  �whereas   the   honours   which   he   won   are 

manifest�察�the misfortunes on which he fell�察�when his father��22�А�in old age 

forgot the goddess�察�were not of his own causing。��23�А�

     ��21�А�For the legend of Meleager see ;Il。; ix。 524´599�察�dramatised by 

both     Sophocles       and    Euripides�察     �and    in   our    day    by    Swinburne�察�

;Atalanta in Calydon。; Cf。 Paus。 iii。 8。 9�察�viii。 54。 4�察�Ov。                    ;Met。; viii。 

300�察�Grote�察 �H。 G。; i。 195。 

     ��22�А�i。e。 Oeneus。 ;Il。; ix。 535。 

     ��23�А�Or�察 �may not be laid to his charge。; 

     Theseus��24�А�single´handed destroyed the enemies of collective Hellas�察�

and in that he greatly enlarged the boundaries of his fatherland�察�is still to´ 

day the wonder of mankind。��25�А�

     ��24�А   �See   ;Mem。;     II。  i。  14�察 �III。  v。  10�察 �cf。  Isocr。  ;Phil。;   111�察  �Plut。 

;Thes。; x。 foll。�察�Diod。 iv。 59�察�Ov。 ;Met。; vii。 433。 

     ��25�А   �Or�察   �is   held   in  admiration      still  to´day。;   See    Thuc。    ii。  15�察�

Strab。 ix。 397。 



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     Hippolytus��26�А       �was   honoured      by   our   lady   Artemis     and   with    her 

conversed�撮�27�А�and in his latter end�察�by reason of his sobriety and holiness�察�

was reckoned among the blest。 

     ��26�А�See the play of Euripides。 Paus。 i。 22�察�Diod。 iv。 62。 

     ��27�А�Al。 ;lived on the lips of men。; But cf。 Eur。 ;Hipp。; 85�察。�soi kai 

xeneimi kai logois s' ameibomai��。 See Frazer�察 �Golden Bough�察─�i。                           6�察�

for the Hippolytus´Virbius myth。 

     Palamedes��28�А  �all   his   days   on   earth   far   outshone   those   of   his   own 

times in wisdom�察�and when slain unjustly�察�won from heaven a vengeance 

such   as   no   other   mortal   man   may   boast   of。��29�А�Yet   died   he   not   at   their 

hands��30�А�whom some suppose�察�else how could the one of them have been 

accounted all but best�察�and the other a compeer of the good�拭�No�察�not they�察�

but base men wrought that deed。 

     ��28�А  �As   to   Palamedes�察  �son   of   Nauplius�察  �his   genius   and   treacherous 

death�察�see Grote�察 �H。 G。; i。 400�察 �Mem。; IV。 ii。 33�察 �Apol。; 26�察                       �Plat。 

;Apol。;   41�察   �Rep。;   vii。   522�察  �Eur。   fr。   ;Palam。;�察  �Ov。   ;Met。;        xiii。   56�察�

Paus。 x。 31。 1�察�ii。 20。 3。 

     ��29�А   �For   the  vengeance      see   Schol。   ad   Eur。   ;Orest。;   422�察   �Philostr。 

;Her。;      x。  Cf。    S
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