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The Bickerstaff´Partridge Papers
The Bickerstaff´
Partridge Papers
Jonathan Swift
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The Bickerstaff´Partridge Papers
PREDICTIONS FOR THE YEAR 1708
Wherein the month�察�and day of the month are set down�察�the persons
named�察�and the great actions and events of next year particularly related�察�
as will come to pass。
Written to prevent the people of England from being farther imposed
on by vulgar almanack´makers。
By Isaac Bickerstaff�察�Esq。
I have long consider'd the gross abuse of astrology in this kingdom�察�
and upon debating the matter with myself�察 �I could not possibly lay the
fault upon the art�察�but upon those gross impostors�察�who set up to be the
artists。 I know several learned men have contended that the whole is a
cheat�察�that it is absurd and ridiculous to imagine�察�the stars can have any
influence at all upon human actions�察 �thoughts�察 �or inclinations�此 �And
whoever has not bent his studies that way�察�may be excused for thinking so�察�
when he sees in how wretched a manner that noble art is treated by a few
mean illiterate traders between us and the stars�察�who import a yearly stock
of nonsense�察�lyes�察�folly�察�and impertinence�察�which they offer to the world as
genuine from the planets�察�tho' they descend from no greater a height than
their own brains。
I intend in a short time to publish a large and rational defence of this
art�察�and therefore shall say no more in its justification at present�察�than that
it hath been in all ages defended by many learned men�察�and among the rest
by Socrates himself�察 �whom I look upon as undoubtedly the wisest of
uninspir'd mortals�此�To which if we add�察�that those who have condemned
this art�察�though otherwise learned�察�having been such as either did not apply
their studies this way�察�or at least did not succeed in their applications�察�their
testimony will not be of much weight to its disadvantage�察�since they are
liable to the common objection of condemning what they did not
understand。
Nor am I at all offended�察�or think it an injury to the art�察�when I see the
common dealers in it�察 �the students in astrology�察 �the philomaths�察 �and the
rest of that tribe�察�treated by wise men with the utmost scorn and contempt�察�
but rather wonder�察�when I observe gentlemen in the country�察�rich enough
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The Bickerstaff´Partridge Papers
to serve the nation in parliament�察�poring in Partridge's almanack�察�to find
out the events of the year at home and abroad�察 �not daring to propose a
hunting´match�察�till Gadbury or he have fixed the weather。
I will allow either of the two I have mentioned�察 �or any other of the
fraternity�察�to be not only astrologers�察�but conjurers too�察�if I do not produce
a hundred instances in all their almanacks�察 �to convince any reasonable
man�察�that they do not so much as understand common grammar and syntax�察�
that they are not able to spell any word out of the usual road�察�nor even in
their prefaces write common sense or intelligible English。 Then for their
observations and predictions�察�they are such as will equally suit any age or
country in the world。 ;This month a certain great person will be threatened
with death or sickness。; This the news´papers will tell them�察�for there we
find at the end of the year�察�that no month passes without the death of some
person of note�察�and it would be hard if it should be otherwise�察�when there
are at least two thousand persons of not in this kingdom�察�many of them old�察�
and the almanack´maker has the liberty of chusing the sickliest season of
the year where he may fix his prediction。 Again�察 �This month an eminent
clergyman will be preferr'd�察─�of which there may be some hundreds half of
them with one foot in the grave。 Then ;such a planet in such a house
shews great machinations�察 �plots and conspiracies�察 �that may in time be
brought to light�此─�After which�察�if we hear of any discovery�察�the astrologer
gets the honour�察�if not�察�his prediction still stands good。 And at last�察 �God
preserve King William from all his open and secret enemies�察 �Amen。;
When if the King should happen to have died�察 �the astrologer plainly
foretold it�察 �otherwise it passes but for the pious ejaculation of a loyal
subject�此 �Though it unluckily happen'd in some of their almanacks�察 �that
poor King William was pray'd for many months after he was dead�察�
because it fell out that he died about the beginning of the year。
To mention no more of their impertinent predictions�此�What have we to
do with their advertisements about pills and drink for the venereal disease�拭�
Or their mutual quarrels in verse and prose of Whig and Tory�察�wherewith
the stars have little to do�拭�
Having long observed and lamented these�察�and a hundred other abuses
of this art�察�too tedious to repeat�察�I resolved to proceed in a new way�察�which
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The Bickerstaff´Partridge Papers
I doubt not will be to the general satisfaction of the kingdom�此�I can this
year produce but a specimen of what I design for the future�察 �having
employ'd most part of my time in adjusting and correcting the calculations
I made some years past�察 �because I would offer nothing to the world of
which I am not as fully satisfied�察�as that I am now alive。 For these two last
years I have not failed in above one or two particulars�察 �and those of no
very great moment。 I exactly foretold the miscarriage at Toulon�察�with all
its particulars�察�and the loss of Admiral Shovel�察�tho' I was mistaken as to
the day�察�placing that accident about thirty´six hours sooner than it happen'd�察�
but upon reviewing my schemes�察�I quickly found the cause of that error。 I
likewise foretold the Battle of Almanza to the very day and hour�察�with the
loss on both sides�察�and the consequences thereof。 All which I shewed to
some friends many months before they happened�察 �that is�察 �I gave them
papers sealed up�察�to open at such a time�察�after which they were at liberty to
read them�察 �and there they found my predictions true in every article�察�
except one or two�察�very minute。
As for the few following predictions I now offer the world�察�I forbore to
publish them till I had perused the several almanacks for the year we are
now enter'd on。 I find them in all the usual strain�察�and I beg the reader will
compare their manner with mine�此�And here I make bold to tell the world�察�
that I lay the whole credit of my art upon the truth of these predictions�察�
and I will be content�察�that Partridge�察�and the rest of his clan�察�may hoot me
for a cheat and impostor�察�if I fail in any singular particular of moment。 I
believe�察�any man who reads this paper�察�will look upon me to be at least a
person of as much honesty and understanding�察 �as a common maker of
almanacks。 I do not lurk in the dark�察 �I am not wholly unknown in the
world�察�I have set my name at length�察�to be a mark of infamy to mankind�察�if
they shall find I deceive them。
In one thing I must desire to be forgiven�察�that I talk more sparingly of
home´affairs�此�As it will be imprudence to discover secrets of state�察 �so it
would be dangerous to my person�察�but in smaller matters�察�and that are not
of publick consequence�察 �I shall be very free�察 �and the truth of my
conjectures will as much appear from those as the other。 As for the most
signal events abroad in France�察�Flanders�察�Italy and Spain�察�I shall make no
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The Bickerstaff´Partridge Papers
scruple to predict them in plain terms�此�Some of them are of importance�察�
and I hope I shall seldom mistake the day they will happen�察�therefore�察�I
think good to inform the reader�察�that I all along make use of the Old Style
observed in England�察 �which I desire he will compare with that of the
news´papers�察�at the time they relate the actions I mention。
I must add one word more�此�I know it hath been the opinion of several
of the learned�察�who think well enough of the true art of astrology�察�That the
stars do only incline�察 �and not force the actions or wills of men�此 �And
therefore�察�however I may proceed by right rules�察�yet I cannot in prudence
so confidently assure the events will follow exactly as I predict them。
I hope I have maturely considered this objection�察�which in some cases
is of no little weight。 For example�此�A man may�察 �by the influence of an
over´ruling planet�察�be disposed or inclined to lust�察�rage�察�or avarice�察�and yet
by the force of reason overcome that bad influence�察�and this was the case
of Socrates�此 �But as the great events of the world usually depend upon
numbers of men�察�it cannot be expected they should all unite to cross their
inclinations�察 �from pursuing a general design�察 �wherein they unanimously
agree。 Besides the influence of the stars reaches to many actions and
events which are not any way in the power of reason�察�as sickness�察�deat
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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