嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

01-economy-及11何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



farm�察�but could follow the bent of my genius�察�which is a very

crooked one�察�every moment。  Beside being better off than they

already�察�if my house had been burned or my crops had failed�察�I

should have been nearly as well off as before。

    I am wont to think that men are not so much the keepers of herds

as herds are the keepers of men�察�the former are so much the freer。

Men and oxen exchange work�察�but if we consider necessary work only��

the oxen will be seen to have greatly the advantage�察�their farm is

so much the larger。  Man does some of his part of the exchange work

in his six weeks of haying�察�and it is no boy's play。  Certainly no

nation that lived simply in all respects�察�that is�察�no nation of

philosophers�察�would commit so great a blunder as to use the labor of

animals。  True�察�there never was and is not likely soon to be a

nation of philosophers�察�nor am I certain it is desirable that there

should be。  However�察�I should never have broken a horse or bull and

taken him to board for any work he might do for me�察�for fear I

should become a horseman or a herdsman merely�察�and if society seems

to be the gainer by so doing�察�are we certain that what is one man's

gain is not another's loss�察�and that the stable´boy has equal cause

with his master to be satisfied�拭 �Granted that some public works

would not have been constructed without this aid�察�and let man share

the glory of such with the ox and horse�察�does it follow that he

could not have accomplished works yet more worthy of himself in that

case�拭 �When men begin to do�察�not merely unnecessary or artistic�察�but

luxurious and idle work�察�with their assistance�察�it is inevitable

that a few do all the exchange work with the oxen�察�or�察�in other

words�察�become the slaves of the strongest。  Man thus not only works

for the animal within him�察�but�察�for a symbol of this�察�he works for

the animal without him。  Though we have many substantial houses of

brick or stone�察�the prosperity of the farmer is still measured by

the degree to which the barn overshadows the house。  This town is

said to have the largest houses for oxen�察�cows�察�and horses

hereabouts�察�and it is not behindhand in its public buildings�察�but

there are very few halls for free worship or free speech in this

county。  It should not be by their architecture�察�but why not even by

their power of abstract thought�察�that nations should seek to

commemorate themselves�拭 �How much more admirable the Bhagvat´Geeta

than all the ruins of the East�  �Towers and temples are the luxury

of princes。  A simple and independent mind does not toil at the

bidding of any prince。  Genius is not a retainer to any emperor�察�nor

is its material silver�察�or gold�察�or marble�察�except to a trifling

extent。  To what end�察�pray�察�is so much stone hammered�拭 �In Arcadia��

when I was there�察�I did not see any hammering stone。  Nations are

possessed with an insane ambition to perpetuate the memory of

themselves by the amount of hammered stone they leave。  What if

equal pains were taken to smooth and polish their manners�拭 �One

piece of good sense would be more memorable than a monument as high

as the moon。  I love better to see stones in place。  The grandeur of

Thebes was a vulgar grandeur。  More sensible is a rod of stone wall

that bounds an honest man's field than a hundred´gated Thebes that

has wandered farther from the true end of life。  The religion and

civilization which are barbaric and heathenish build splendid

temples�察�but what you might call Christianity does not。  Most of the

stone a nation hammers goes toward its tomb only。  It buries itself

alive。  As for the Pyramids�察�there is nothing to wonder at in them

so much as the fact that so many men could be found degraded enough

to spend their lives constructing a tomb for some ambitious booby��

whom it would have been wiser and manlier to have drowned in the

Nile�察�and then given his body to the dogs。  I might possibly invent

some excuse for them and him�察�but I have no time for it。  As for the

religion and love of art of the builders�察�it is much the same all

the world over�察�whether the building be an Egyptian temple or the

United States Bank。  It costs more than it comes to。  The mainspring

is vanity�察�assisted by the love of garlic and bread and butter。  Mr。

Balcom�察�a promising young architect�察�designs it on the back of his

Vitruvius�察�with hard pencil and ruler�察�and the job is let out to

Dobson & Sons�察�stonecutters。  When the thirty centuries begin to

look down on it�察�mankind begin to look up at it。  As for your high

towers and monuments�察�there was a crazy fellow once in this town who

undertook to dig through to China�察�and he got so far that�察�as he

said�察�he heard the Chinese pots and kettles rattle�察�but I think that

I shall not go out of my way to admire the hole which he made。  Many

are concerned about the monuments of the West and the East  to

know who built them。  For my part�察�I should like to know who in

those days did not build them  who were above such trifling。  But

to proceed with my statistics。

    By surveying�察�carpentry�察�and day´labor of various other kinds in

the village in the meanwhile�察�for I have as many trades as fingers��

I had earned 13。34。  The expense of food for eight months�察�namely��

from July 4th to March 1st�察�the time when these estimates were made��

though I lived there more than two years  not counting potatoes�察�a

little green corn�察�and some peas�察�which I had raised�察�nor

considering the value of what was on hand at the last date  was



    Rice 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  1。73 1/2

    Molasses 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  1。73     Cheapest form of the

                                         saccharine。

    Rye meal 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  1。04 3/4

    Indian meal 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。99 3/4  Cheaper than rye。

    Pork 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。22

    All experiments which failed��

    Flour 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。88  Costs more than Indian meal��

                                      both money and trouble。

    Sugar 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。80

    Lard 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。65

    Apples 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。25

    Dried apple 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。22

    Sweet potatoes 。。。。。。。。。。。  0。10

    One pumpkin 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。06

    One watermelon 。。。。。。。。。。。  0。02

    Salt 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  0。03



Yes�察�I did eat 8。74�察�all told�察�but I should not thus unblushingly

publish my guilt�察�if I did not know that most of my readers were

equally guilty with myself�察�and that their deeds would look no

better in print。  The next year I sometimes caught a mess of fish

for my dinner�察�and once I went so far as to slaughter a woodchuck

which ravaged my bean´field  effect his transmigration�察�as a

Tartar would say  and devour him�察�partly for experiment's sake��

but though it afforded me a momentary enjoyment�察�notwithstanding a

musky flavor�察�I saw that the longest use would not make that a good

practice�察�however it might seem to have your woodchucks ready

dressed by the village butcher。

    Clothing and some incidental expenses within the same dates��

though little can be inferred from this item�察�amounted to



                                             8。40´3/4

    Oil and some household utensils 。。。。。。。。  2。00



So that all the pecuniary outgoes�察�excepting for washing and

mending�察�which for the most part were done out of the house�察�and

their bills have not yet been received  and these are all and more

than all the ways by which money necessarily goes out in this part

of the world  were



    House 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  28。12��

    Farm one year 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。 14。72��

    Food eight months 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  8。74

    Clothing�察�etc。�察�eight months 。。。。。。。。。。。。  8。40´3/4

    Oil�察�etc。�察�eight months 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  2。00

                                            ´

        In all 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  61。99´3/4



I address myself now to those of my readers who have a living to

get。  And to meet this I have for farm produce sold



                                             23。44

    Earned by day´labor 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  13。34

                                            ´

        In all 。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。  36。78��



which subtracted from the sum of the outgoes leaves a balance of

25。21 3/4 on the one side  this being very nearly the means with

which I started�察�and the measure of expenses to be incurred  and

on the other�察�beside the leisure and independence and health thus

secured�察�a comfortable house for me as long as I choose to occupy

it。

    These statistics�察�however accidental and therefore uninstructive

they may appear�察�as they have a certain completeness�察�have a certain

value also。  Nothing was given me of which I have not rendered some

account。  It appears from the above estimate�察�that my food alone

cost me in money about twenty´seven cents a week。  It was�察�for

nearly two years after this�察�rye and Indian meal without yeast��

potatoes�察�rice�察�a very little salt pork�察�molasses�察�and salt�察�and my

drink�察�water。  It was fit that I should live on rice�察�mainly�察�who

love so well the philosophy of India。  To meet the objections of

some inveterate cavillers�察�I may as well state�察�that if I dined out

occasionally�察�as I always had done�察�and I trust shall have

opportunities to do again�察�it was frequently to the detriment of my

domestic arrangements。  But the dining out�察�being�察�as I have stated��

a constant element�察�does not in the least affect a comparative

statement like this。

    I learned from my two years' experience that it would cost

incredibly little trouble to obtain one's necessary food�察�even in

this latitude�察�that a man may use as simple a diet as the animals��

and yet retain health and strength。  I have made a satisfactory

dinner�察�satisfactory on several accounts�察�simply off a dish of

purslane ��Portulaca oleracea�� which I gathered in my cornfield��

boiled and salted。  I give the Latin on account of the savoriness of

the trivial n
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��