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flatland(献棲蒙声)-及17何蛍
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at least see that�察�as I rise in Space�察�so mySECTIONs become smaller。 See
now�察�I will rise�察�and the effect upon your eye will be that my Circle will
become smaller and smaller till it dwindles to a point and finally vanishes。
There was no ;rising; that I could see�察�but he diminished and finally
vanished。 I winked once or twice to make sure that I was not dreaming。
But it was no dream。 For from the depths of nowhere came forth a hollow
voiceclose to my heart it seemed ;Am I quite gone�拭�Are you convinced
now�拭 �Well�察 �now I will gradually return to Flatland and you shall see
mySECTION become larger and larger。;
Every reader in Spaceland will easily understand that my mysterious
Guest was speaking the language of truth and even of simplicity。 But to
me�察�proficient though I was in Flatland Mathematics�察�it was by no means a
simple matter。 The rough diagram given above will make it clear to any
Spaceland child that the Sphere�察�ascending in the three positions indicated
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there�察�must needs have manifested himself to me�察�or to any Flatlander�察�as a
Circle�察 �at first of full size�察 �then small�察 �and at last very small indeed�察�
approaching to a Point。 But to me�察�although I saw the facts before me�察�the
causes were as dark as ever。 All that I could comprehend was�察 �that the
Circle had made himself smaller and vanished�察 �and that he had now re´
appeared and was rapidly making himself larger。
When he regained his original size�察 �he heaved a deep sigh�察 �for he
perceived by my silence that I had altogether failed to comprehend him。
And indeed I was now inclining to the belief that he must be no Circle at
all�察 �but some extremely clever juggler�察 �or else that the old wives' tales
were true�察 �and that after all there were such people as Enchanters and
Magicians。
After a long pause he muttered to himself�察 �One resource alone
remains�察�if I am not to resort to action。 I must try the method of Analogy。;
Then followed a still longer silence�察 �after which he continued our
dialogue。
Sphere。 Tell me�察�Mr。 Mathematician�察�if a Point moves Northward�察�and
leaves a luminous wake�察�what name would you give to the wake�拭�
I。 A straight Line。
Sphere。 And a straight Line has how many extremities�拭�
I。 Two。
Sphere。 Now conceive the Northward straight Line moving parallel to
itself�察�East and West�察�so that every point in it leaves behind it the wake of
a straight Line。 What name will you give to the Figure thereby formed�拭�
We will suppose that it moves through a distance equal to the original
straight line。 What name�察�I say�拭�
I。 A square。
Sphere。 And how many sides has a Square�拭�How many angles�拭�
I。 Four sides and four angles。
Sphere。 Now stretch your imagination a little�察�and conceive a Square
in Flatland�察�moving parallel to itself upward。
I。 What�拭�Northward�拭�
Sphere。 No�察�not Northward�察�upward�察�out of Flatland altogether。
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If it moved Northward�察�the Southern points in the Square would have
to move through the positions previously occupied by the Northern points。
But that is not my meaning。
I mean that every Point in youfor you are a Square and will serve the
purpose of my illustrationevery Point in you�察�that is to say in what you
call your inside�察�is to pass upwards through Space in such a way that no
Point shall pass through the position previously occupied by any other
Point�察�but each Point shall describe a straight Line of its own。 This is all in
accordance with Analogy�察�surely it must be clear to you。
Restraining my impatiencefor I was now under a strong temptation
to rush blindly at my Visitor and to precipitate him into Space�察�or out of
Flatland�察�anywhere�察�so that I could get rid of himI replied�此�
;And what may be the nature of the Figure which I am to shape out by
this motion which you are pleased to denote by the word `upward'�拭 �I
presume it is describable in the language of Flatland。;
Sphere。 Oh�察 �certainly。 It is all plain and simple�察 �and in strict
accordance with Analogyonly�察 �by the way�察 �you must not speak of the
result as being a Figure�察�but as a Solid。 But I will describe it to you。 Or
rather not I�察�but Analogy。
We began with a single Point�察�which of coursebeing itself a Point
has only ONE terminal Point。
One Point produces a Line with TWO terminal Points。
One Line produces a Square with FOUR terminal Points。
Now you can give yourself the answer to your own question�此�1�察�2�察�4�察�
are evidently in Geometrical Progression。 What is the next number�拭�
I。 Eight。
Sphere。 Exactly。 The one Square produces a SOMETHING´WHICH´
YOU´ DO´NOT´AS´YET´KNOW´A´NAME´FOR´BUT´WHICH´WE´
CALL´A´CUBE with EIGHT terminal Points。 Now are you convinced�拭�
I。 And has this Creature sides�察 �as well as Angles or what you call
;terminal Points;�拭�
Sphere。 Of course�察�and all according to Analogy。 But�察�by the way�察�not
what YOU call sides�察 �but what WE call sides。 You would call them
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SOLIDS。
I。 And how many solids or sides will appertain to this Being whom I
am to generate by the motion of my inside in an ;upward; direction�察�and
whom you call a Cube�拭�
Sphere。 How can you ask�拭 �And you a mathematician� �The side of
anything is always�察 �if I may so say�察 �one Dimension behind the thing。
Consequently�察�as there is no Dimension behind a Point�察�a Point has 0 sides�察�
a Line�察�if I may so say�察�has 2 sides ��for the points of a Line may be called
by courtesy�察�its sides���察�a Square has 4 sides�察�0�察�2�察�4�察�what Progression do
you call that�拭�
I。 Arithmetical。
Sphere。 And what is the next number�拭�
I。 Six。
Sphere。 Exactly。 Then you see you have answered your own question。
The Cube which you will generate will be bounded by six sides�察�that is to
say�察�six of your insides。 You see it all now�察�eh�拭�
;Monster�察─�I shrieked�察 �be thou juggler�察�enchanter�察�dream�察�or devil�察�no
more will I endure thy mockeries。 Either thou or I must perish。; And
saying these words I precipitated myself upon him。
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SECTION 17 How the Sphere�察�having in vain
tried words�察�resorted to deeds
It was in vain。 I brought my hardest right angle into violent collision
with the Stranger�察 �pressing on him with a force sufficient to have
destroyed any ordinary Circle�此 �but I could feel him slowly and
unarrestably slipping from my contact�察�not edging to the right nor to the
left�察�but moving somehow out of the world�察 �and vanishing into nothing。
Soon there was a blank。 But still I heard the Intruder's voice。
Sphere。 Why will you refuse to listen to reason�拭�I had hoped to find in
youas being a man of sense and an accomplished mathematician a fit
apostle for the Gospel of the Three Dimensions�察 �which I am allowed to
preach once only in a thousand years�此�but now I know not how to convince
you。 Stay�察�I have it。 Deeds�察�and not words�察�shall proclaim the truth。 Listen�察�
my friend。
I have told you I can see from my position in Space the inside of all
things that you consider closed。 For example�察 �I see in yonder cupboard
near which you are standing�察 �several of what you call boxes ��but like
everything else in Flatland�察�they have no tops or bottom�� full of money�察�I
see also two tablets of accounts。 I am about to descend into that cupboard
and to bring you one of those tablets。 I saw you lock the cupboard half an
hour ago�察�and I know you have the key in your possession。 But I descend
from Space�察 �the doors�察 �you see�察 �remain unmoved。 Now I am in the
cupboard and am taking the tablet。 Now I have it。 Now I ascent with it。
I rushed to the closet and dashed the door open。 One of the tablets was
gone。 With a mocking laugh�察�the Stranger appeared in the other corner of
the room�察�and at the same time the tablet appeared upon the floor。 I took it
up。 There could be no doubtit was the missing tablet。
I groaned with horror�察�doubting whether I was not out of my sense�察�but
the Stranger continued�此 �Surely you must now see that my explanation�察�
and no other�察�suits the phenomena。 What you call Solid things are really
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superficial�察�what you call Space is really nothing but a great Plane。 I am in
Space�察�and look down upon the insides of the things of which you only see
the outsides。 You could leave the Plane yourself�察�if you could but summon
up the necessary volition。 A slight upward or downward motion would
enable you to see all that I can see。
;The higher I mount�察�and the further I go from your Plane�察�the more I
can see�察�though of course I see it on a smaller sc
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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