嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

north american species of cactus(臼胆鷲繁嫺)-及12何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



mm。��   spines�察  �all   of   which   are   black´tipped   ��the   centrals   black   half   way 

down�察�shading into red���察�and pink flowers。Type�察�Alverson's specimens in 

Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 and in Herb。 Coulter。 

     In the desert region of extreme southeastern California。 

     Specimens examined�此�Southern California   ��A。 H。 Alverson of   1892���此�

also growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。 

     The   covering   of   stout   bushy   interlocking   spines   is   like   that   of   var。 

deserti�察  �but   the   black   and   reddish   coloration   gives   a   decidedly   different 

appearance。On   account   of   this   appearance   of   a   reddish´black   brush   the 

plant    has    been    popularly     called    ;foxtail    cactus。;The      decidedly     pink 

flowers      were    sent   by   Mr。   S。   B。   Parish    from    specimens      growing     in 

cultivation in San Diego�察�and are not from the original collection of Mr。 

Alverson。 

      64。 Cactus macromeris��Engelm。�� Kuntze Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 260 ��1891��。 

     Mamillaria   macromerisEngelm。   Wisliz。   Rep。   13   ��1848��。   Mamillaria 

heteromorphaScheer   in   Salm。   Cact。   Hort。   Dyck。   128   ��1850��。   Mamillaria 

dactylitheleLabouret�察�Monogr。 Cact。 146 ��1858��。 

     Ovate or cylindrical�察�5 to 10 cm。 high�察�simple or branching from the 

base and at length cespitose�此�tubercles large�察�loose and spreading�察�from a 

dilated   base�察  �more   or   less   elongated   ��12   to   30   mm。��   and   teretish   ��often 

incurved���察�the groove absent in young plants and never reaching the axil�此�

radial   spines   10   to   17�察  �slender   and   terete�察  �or   stouter   and   often   angled�察�

spreading�察�12 to 40 mm。 long�察�whitish ��or more or less rose´colored when 

young���察  �straight   or   a   little   curved�察  �central   spines   4   ��or   fewer   in   young 

plants or even wanting���察�spreading�察�25 to 55 mm。 long�察�stouter�察�bulbous at 

base�察   �mostly     black    ��the   lowest    the   longest    and   stoutest���察   �straight   or 

sometimes   curved   or   twisted�此  �flowers   6   to   7。5   cm。   long   and   of   same 

diameter�察�deep red to purple�此�fruit ovate´subglobose�察�green�察�15 to 25 mm�察�

long�此�seeds globose´obovate�察�yellow�察�and smooth。 1。2 to 1。6 mm。 long。 ��Ill。 

Cact。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 14   and 15��Type�察�Wislizenus   of 1846   in Herb。  Mo。 

Bot。 Gard。 

     Mostly in loose sand�察�in the valley of the Rio Grande ��on both sides of 

the river���察�from southern New Mexico to Eagle Pass�察�Texas�察�and doubtless 



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                             North American Species of Cactus 



further down。 

     Specimens examined�此�New Mexico ��Wislizenus of 1846�察�Wright 384�察�

531�察�of 1852�察�G。 R。 Vasey of 1881���此�Texas ��Wright of 1850�察�1851�察�1852�察�

Bigelow      of  1852���此   �Chihuahua     ��Evans    of   1891�察  �Budd    of  1891���此   �also 

growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。 

     This    species   shows    an   interesting   transition   from   Coryphantha       to 

Echinocactus。The   woolly   groove   of   the   Coryphantha   extends   from   the 

spine´bearing areola to the axil of the tubercle�察�where it expands into the 

flower´bearing areola。In C。 macromeris the groove extends only about half 

way down the tubercle and gives origin to the flower´bearing areola on the 

side    of  the  tubercle�察  �while   in  Echinocactus      the  flower´bearing      areola 

becomes adjacent to the spine´bearing areola and the flower appears at the 

summit of the tubercle。 



             ARTIFICIAL KEY TO THE 

                                 SPECIES。 



     It seems impossible to make a simple artificial key that will serve as a 

useful guide to each individual species and variety。Our knowledge of so 

many of the species is imperfect�察�that no set of characters can be applied 

throughout。However�察        �as   no   plants   are  collected    in  such   fragmentary 

condition�察�it will be useful to construct a key based upon such characters 

as   are   always   likely   to   be   present�察  �even   if   specific   distinctions   are   not 

always     reached。In    many     cases�察 �species    are  so  closely   and   differently 

related    to  each   other   that  the  complete     descriptions    will   have   to  be 

consulted to determine the differences�察�and in such cases the artificial key 

can only indicate the  group。Even the full   descriptions are very  compact�察�

all characters not necessary for discrimination having been eliminated。No 

attempt need be made to determine any species by means of the flowers 

alone。In   most   cases   more   or   less   of   the   plant   body   will   be   available�察�

presenting     spine   and    tubercle   characters�察   �and   these   are   used   in  the 

following key。The distinction between Eumamillaria and Coryphantha�察�on 

the basis of grooveless and grooved tubercles should always be made out 



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easily。It   may    be   useful   to  suggest    as   a  caution�察  �however�察    �that   often 

tubercles in drying develop folds which simulate grooves�察�and especially 

is this true in quadrangular tubercles。In such cases it is necessary to restore 

the original plumpness of the tubercle by boiling�察�before the presence or 

absence      of  the  groove     can   be  definitely    determined。The       species    and 

varieties    are  indicated    only   by   their  specific   or  varietal   names    in  the 

following      key�察  �and   the   numbers     refer   to  the   serial  numbers      of  the 

synoptical      presentation。Forms       occurring     within   the   United    States   are 

marked with an ;*;�此�

       I。 Tubercles never grooved。 

       * Central spines none。 

     Radials 5 to 9�察�stout。meiacanthus* ��7��。 

     Radials 20 to 40。micromeris* ��12���察�greggii ��13��。 

     Radials 40 to 80。lasiacanthus* ��10���察�denudatus* ��11��。 

       ** Central spine solitary and not hooked。 

     �� Central spine longer than the radials。 

     Radials 7 or 8�此�tubercles very long ��40 to 50 mm。��。longimamma ��36��。 

     Radials 15 to 20�此�tubercles 6 to 8 mm。 long。eschanzieri ��21��。 

     ���� Central spine shorter than the radials。 

     Radials 5 to 9�察�stout。 meiacanthus* ��7��。 

     Radials   9   to   22。heyderi*   ��5���察  �hemisphaericus*   ��6���察  �gummiferus   ��8���察�

gabbii ��34����sphaericus ��35��。 

       *** Central spine solitary and hooked。 

     �� Stems slender cylindric�此�Lower Californian。 

     Centrals 1�察�20 to 30 mm。 long。 roseanus ��23��。 

     Centrals 1 to 4�察�20 to 50 mm。 long。 setispinus ��24��。 

     ���� Stems depressed´globose to ovate。 

     Radials 4 to 6�察�rigid。 uncinatus ��9��。 

     Radials 8 to 12。 wrightii* ��15��。 

     Radials 15 to 30。 grahami* ��19���察�eschanzieri ��21��。 

     Radials 50 to 60。 barbatus ��18��。 

       **** Central spines more than one�察�and none of them hooked。 

       ��   Slender   or   sometimes   stout   cylindrical   plants�察  �branching   atbase�此�

Lower Californian。 



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       brandegei ��3���察�setispinus ��24���察�halei ��25��。 

       ���� Depressed´globose to ovate and stout cylindrical。 

       ���� Radials few ��3 to 12�� and rigid�此�Mexican。 

     Radials 3�此�centrals 3。 alternatus ��1�� 

     Radials 7 or 8�此�tubercles 40 to 50 mm。 long。 longimamma ��36��。 

     Radials 10 to 12�此�tubercles 12 to 15 mm。 long。 gummiferus ��8��。�������� 

Radials numerous ��16 to 60���察�capillary or bristle´like。 

     Radials     15  to   30�察 �slender    but  rigid   ��bristly��。  acanthophlegmus��2���察�

densispinus      ��4���察  �bispinus    ��14����rhodanthus      ��26���察  �sulphureospinus       ��27���察�

palmeri ��29���察�pringlei ��32��。 

     Radials     30   to  60   or   more�察   �mostly    capillary。   tetrancistrus*     ��22���察�

capillaris ��28���察�texanus* ��31���察�spaerotrichus ��33��。 

       ***** Central spines more than one and but one of them hooked。 

     Radials 10 to 15。 goodrichii* ��16���察�setispinus ��24��。 

     Radials 15 to 30。 pondii ��17���察�grahami* ��19���察�bocasanus ��20��。 

     Radials 30 to 60。 tetrancistrus ��22��。 

     ******      Central    spines    more     than   one�察  �and    more    then    one   of 

themhooked。 

     Radials 8 to 12。 wrightii* ��15��。 

     Radials 30 to 60。 tetrancistrus ��22��。 

     II。 Tubercles with a more or less prominent groove。 

     * Central spines none。 

       ��   Radials   whitish   and   rigid�察  �oppressed   ��pectinate��   and   interwoven 

with adjacent clusters。 

     Depressed´globose and simple。 compactus ��44��。 

     Globose and simple。 radians* ��45���察�corniferus ��47��。 

     Cespitose。 pectenoides ��46���察�sulcatus* ��49��。 

     ���� Radials more slender and spreading。 

     Radials 10 to 17。 missouriensis* ��37���察�similis* ��38���察�macromeris* ��64��。 

     Radials 30 to 50�察�capillary。 dasyacanthus* ��51��。 

       ** Central spine solitary�察�not hooked。 

     �� Central spine porrect。 

     Radials 6 to 17。 missouriensis* ��37���察�robustior* ��39���察�scheerii* ��40��。 

     Radials 30 to 50�察�white and capillary。 dasyacanthus* ��51��。 



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       ���� Central spine curved downwards。 

     Radials 8 to 12。 sulcatus* ��49��。 

     Radials 12 to 26。 robustispinus ��41���察�recurvatus ��42���察�corniferus ��47���察�

scolymoides* ��48��。 

     ������ Central spine erect�此�Mexican。 

     Radials 7 or 8�此�central 50 mm。 long。 salm´dyckianus ��43��。 

     Radials 10 or 11�此�central 25 to 35 mm。 long。 maculatus ��52��。 

     Radials 13 to 16。 compactus ��44��。 

       *** Central spine solitary and hooked。 

    brunneus ��53��。 

       **** Central spines more than one and none of them hooked。 

     Centrals     2�此 �radials   6   to  20。   scheerii*    ��40����
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��