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栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

north american species of cactus(臼胆鷲繁嫺)-及13何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



     Centrals     2�此 �radials   6   to  20。   scheerii*    ��40���察  �robustispinus     ��41���察�

recurvatus ��42���察�scolymoides* ��48��。 

     Centrals 3�此�radials 6 to 40。 scheerii* ��40���察�scolymoides* ��48���察�echinus* 

��50���察�conoideus ��54���察�neo´mexicanus* ��59���察�arizonicus* ��60��。 

     Centrals   4   or   5�此  �radials   6   to   40。   scheerii*   ��40���察  �scolymoides*   ��48���察�

echinus*      ��50���察  �conoideus     ��54���察  �tuberculosus*     ��56���察  �viviparus*     ��57���察�

radiosus* ��58���察�neo´mexicanus* ��59��。 arizonicus* ��60���察�macromeris* ��64��。 

     Centrals    6  or  7�此 �radials   12  to  40。  potsii*   ��55���察 �tuberculosus*��56���察�

viviparus* ��57���察�neo´mexicanus* ��59���察�arizonicus* ��60���察�chloranthus ��62��。 

     Centrals 8 to 14�此�radials 12 to 40 or more。 potsii* ��55���察�tuberculosus* 

��56���察  �viviparus*   ��57���察  �neo´mexicanus*   ��59���察  �deserti*   ��61���察  �chloranthus* 

��62���察�alversoni* ��63��。 



                        GEOGRAPHICAL 

                        DISTRIBUTION 



     It is only possible to deal with the forms that occur within the borders 

of   the   United   States�察  �as   even   individual   stations   of   common   Mexican 

forms   are   little   if   at   all   known。These   United   States   forms   represent   a 

northern      extension     of    an   abundant      Mexican       display。The     group 

EUMAMILLARIA�察�containing twelve of the thirty´one forms defined as 

occurring north of the Rio Grande�察�makes the feeblest extension northward�察�



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at   no   place   being   found   far   from   the   boundary�察  �and   all   the   twelve   are 

Mexican forms which extend but slightly into the United States。Only five 

of   the   forms    are  found    east  of   the  Pecos�此   �heyderi�察   �the  most    widely 

distributed EUMAMILLARIA�察�extending from the southeastern border of 

Texas westward along the whole Mexican boundary except in California�察�

hemisphaericus�察       �extending    through     southern    Texas    and   southern    New 

Mexico�察�meiacanthus�察  �also   along   the   Mexican   border of Texas   and   New 

Mexico�察�texanus�察�a low ground form of the Rio Grande Valley�察�extending 

from the mouth of the river to El Paso�察�and suggesting a connection with 

the West Indian stellatus�察�and sphaericus�察�another low ground valley form 

of similar range�察�but apparently only extending up the Rio Grande to the 

region of Eagle Pass。 

     The      Pecos      forms      the     eastern     boundary        of    five     other 

EUMAMILLARIA                forms�此    �micromeris�察     �extending      northward       from 

Coahuila   and   Chihuahua�察  �apparently   only   in   the   mountains   between   the 

Pecos   and   El   Paso�察  �wrightii�察 �of   similar   narrow  northward extension�察  �but 

ranging further northward on the high plains of the Upper Pecos in New 

Mexico�察�denudatus�察  �also   with   a   narrow  northward   extension   west   of   the 

Pecos�察    �lasiacanthus�察   �extending     from    Chihuahua      with   a  northern    limit 

between the Pecos and Arizona�察�and grahami�察�a Sonoran type which has 

spread between the Pecos and southeastern California。 

     The ten preceding forms have evidently entered our borders from the 

highlands of Sonora and Chihuahua�察�with the exception of the Rio Grande 

Valley forms�察�texanus and sphaericus。Another species�察�tetrancistrus�察�is also 

a Sonoran type which has reached the eastern slopes of the mountains of 

southeastern California�察�and extended through western Arizona to southern 

Nevada      and   southern    Utah�察  �the   most   extended     northern    range   of  any 

EUMAMILLARIA。The   twelfth   form�察  �goodrichii�察  �is   Lower   Californian�察�

and    extends    into  California    only   in  San    Diego    County。A   summarized 

statement   of the   distribution of our   twelve   EUMAMILLARIA  would   be 

that   two   of   them   have   extended   from   the   low   grounds   of   Coahuila   and 

Chihuahua and spread along the valley of the Rio Grande�察�nine have come 

from   the   high   grounds   of   Chihuahua   and   Sonora�察  �four   of   which   have 

extended eastward to the low levels of southeastern Texas�察�four have kept 



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to   the   highlands   west   of   the   Pecos�察  �and   one   has   kept   to   the   Colorado 

Valley and its   tributaries�察 �while  one has   a  short northern   extension   from 

Lower California。 

     The nineteen forms of CORYPHANTHA are decidedly more northern 

in their distribution�察�and are our characteristic representatives of the genus 

Cactus。Ten   of   these�察  �however�察  �are   but   northern   extensions   of   Mexican 

forms�察�and six of the ten have simply that tongue´like northern extension 

in the mountains between the Pecos and the Upper Rio Grande ��above。 El 

Paso���察  �viz。�此  �dasyacanthus�察  �tuberculosus�察  �scheerii   ��which   has   also   spread 

somewhat east of   the Pecos���察  �and the three pectinate   and closely  related 

forms radians�察 �echinus�察 �and scolymoides。Of   the   four   remaining   Mexican 

forms�察  �macromeris   is   a   low   ground   Rio   Grande   Valley   form�察  �extending 

from     above    El   Paso   well   towards     the   Lower     Rio   Grande�察    �potsii  just 

crosses the border in the neighborhood of Laredo�察�and radiosus and neo´ 

mexicanus   have   by   far   the   greatest   northern   extension�察  �stretching   from 

Sonora      and    Chihuahua      to   southern     Utah    and   central    Colorado�察    �and 

eastward to the Guadalupe River of Texas。 

     The   nine   remaining   coryphanths   are   distinctly   forms   of   the   United 

States�察�occupying two well´marked regions�察�viz。�此�the northern plains�察�and 

the desert region of western Arizona and adjacent California�察�Nevada�察�and 

Utah。In     the   former     region   is  found     the  widespread       viviparus�察   �which 

extends   from   the   southern   borders   of   British   America   to   the   plains   of 

eastern     Colorado      and   western     Kansas�察    �and    even    crosses    the   Rocky 

Mountain   divide   into   northern   Idaho   and   northeastern   Washington�察  �and 

missouriensis�察      �which    also   ranges    from   the   high   prairies   of  the   Upper 

Missouri   to   the   same   southern   limit�察  �and      is  continued     southward      into 

Texas in its varieties similis and robustior。 

     In the Arizona desert region�察�four distinct but closely allied forms have 

become   differentiated        from   the   strong    radiosus   stock�察   �viz。�此 �arizonicus�察�

deserti�察  �alversoni�察  �and   chloranthus�察  �all   of   which   might   be   regarded   as 

distinct species。In southeastern Texas is found an isolated form�察�sulcatus�察�

occurring   between   the   Brazos   and   Nueces   rivers。That   viviparus   must   be 

regarded as a strong northern extension of the radiosus stock can not be 

doubted�察  �as   the   low   depressed   cespitose   northern   form   seems   to   merge 



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southward   so   gradually   into   the   simple   more   robust   ovate   to   cylindrical 

forms   of   radiosus   as   to   suggest   the   propriety   of   regarding   them   all   as 

specifically identical。 

     The   result   of   a   closer   inspection   of   the   distribution   of   these   nearly 

related forms is worthy of note。C。 viviparus extends from British America 

and   the   Upper   Missouri   to   eastern   Colorado   and   western   Kansas�察  �neo´ 

mexicanus ��the form most nearly related to viviparus�� extends from central 

Colorado and southern Utah into Mexico�察�at the southeastern edge of this 

range begins radiosus and extends eastward through southern Texas�察�from 

the western edge of neo´mexicanus the form arizonicus extends westward 

into southern California�察�touching chloranthus at its Utah limit�察�and at its 

California   extension   reaching   alversoni   and   deserti�察  �the   latter   of   which 

extends   northward   into   the   desert   region   of   southeastern   California   and 

adjacent Nevada。Taking this type as of Mexican origin�察�it seems to have 

entered the United States from Sonora and Chihuahua�察�and to have spread 

in three directions�察�viz。�此�eastward through southern Texas�察�westward and 

northwestward into southern California and southern�察�Utah�察�and northward 

to the head waters of the Missouri and British America�察�though we would 

limit    the   northern    extension     of   the   present    specific    type   to  central 

Colorado�察�and would regard the still more northern forms as of the same 

origin but entitled to specific rank。 



        2。 ANHALONIUMLem。 Cact。 Gen。 Nov。 ��1839��。 



     Depressed or flattened�察�simple�察�unarmed plants�察�covered with peculiar 

imbricated   tubercles   above   and   their   scale´like   remains   below�此  �tubercle 

with lower and upper parts very different�察�lower part comparatively thin 

and flat�察�upper exposed part triangular in outline and divergent�察�very thick 

and hard�察�the lower surface smooth and keeled�察�the upper surface plane or 

convex�察 �smooth   or   tuberculate   or   variously  fissured�察  �with   a   broad   wool´ 

bearing groove or simply a more or less evident tomentulose apical areola�此�

spine´bearing areola obsolete�此�flower´bearing areola at the summit of the 

lower   peduncle´like   portion   of   the   very   young   tubercle   ��thus   appearing 

axillary with reference to the exposed part of the tubercle�� and bearing a 

dense penicellate tuft of long soft hairs which conceals the lower part of 



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酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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