嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

north american species of cactus(臼胆鷲繁嫺)-及14何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��


dense penicellate tuft of long soft hairs which conceals the lower part of 



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                              North American Species of Cactus 



the flower and the entire fruit and persists about the apical region of the 

plant   as   matted   and   apparently   axillary   wool�此  �ovary   naked�此  �seeds   large�察�

black�察�and tuberculate�此�embryo obovate�察�straight。 

     According       to  the  present    views    concerning     generic    limitations    in 

Cactaceae�察�Anhalonium  must   certainly  be   kept   distinct   from  Mamillaria�察�

and     to  such    a  view     Dr。  Engelmann        had   finally   come。The       generic 

distinction is based upon such characters as ��1�� the complete suppression 

of the spine´bearing areolae�察。�2�� the strong differentiation of the tubercles 

into two very distinct regions�察。�3�� the production of the flower at the apex 

of   the   basal   or  penduncle´like      portion    ��which    becomes      flattened   and 

expanded       at  maturity��    of   a  very    young    tubercle�察   �and   ��4��   the   large 

tuberculate seeds。 

     In   the  case   of   engelmanni      the  broad    woolly    groove    of  the   upper 

portion of the tubercle expands below into the flower´bearing areola�察�but 

terminates   blindly   above   just   behind   the   sharp   apex。In   prismaticum   and 

furfuraceum  the   groove   is   obliterated�察  �but   there   usually   remains   a   small 

��more or less tufted�� areola and depression just behind the apex to mark its 

upper   extremity。This   apical   areola   therefore�察  �does   not   represent   a   spine´ 

bearing areola�察�but the closed upper extremity of a tubercle groove。 

     It seems evident that Anhalonium is a much modified Cactus�察�and that 

its   affinity   is  with    the   coryphanths�察     �through    such    a  species    as   C。 

macromeris�察�in which the flower becomes extra´axillary。If in macromeris�察�

with    the   flower   standing    well   up   on  the   tubercle�察  �the   portions   of   the 

tubercle above   and below the   flower should   become very  different   from 

each   other�察  �the   upper   portion   being   so   much   modified   as   to   cause   the 

spine´bearing       areola    to   be   obliterated�察    �the   condition     of   things   in 

Anhalonium would be obtained。 

     *   Upper     surface   of  tubercle    with   a  broad    and   deep   wool´bearing 

longitudinal groove which widens below。 

                 1。 Anhalonium engelmanniLem。 Cact 42 ��1839��。 

     Mamillaria       fissurataEngelm。       Syn。    Cact。    270    ��1856��。Anhalonium 

fissuratum Engelm。 Bot。 Mex。 Bound。 75 ��1859��。 

     Depressed globose or flat�察�top´shaped below and tapering into a thick 

root�察   �5  to  12   cm。    in  diameter�此    �tubercles    ��upper    portion��    appressed´ 



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imbricate�察�12 to 18 mm。 long and about as wide at base�察�the upper surface 

convex and variously fissured ��presenting an irregular warty appearance�� 

even   to   the   edges�此  �flowers   apparently   central�察  �about   2。5   cm。   long   and 

broad�察�shading from whitish to rose�此�fruit oval�察�pale green�察�about 10 mm。 

long�此�seeds 1。6 mm。 long。 ��Ill。 Bot。 Mex。 Bound。 t。 16��Type unknown�察�but 

specimens of Wright�察�Bigelow�察�and Parry in Herb。 Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 are the 

basis of Engelmann's Mamillaria fissurata。 

     On limestone hills�察�in the ;Great   Bend; region of the Rio Grande   in 

Texas�察�and southward into Coahuila。Fl。 September´October。 

     Specimens examined�此�Texas ��Wright of 1850�察�Bigelow of 1852�察�Parry�察�

with no number or date�察�Lloyd of 1890�察�Evans of 1891�察�Briggs of 1892���此�

also growing in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 1893。 

     This species is very closely related to the Mexican A。 kotchubeyi Lem。 

��A。 sulcatum Salm´Dyck���察�but unfortunately no type of that species seems 

to be in existence�察�and Dr。 Engelmann notes ��Mex。 Bound。 Rep。 75�� that 

;it    seems     no    living   or    dead    specimen      is   at   present    extant    in 

Europe。;Judging from the description�察�the upper surface of the tubercles in 

A。 kotchubeyi�察�aside from the central furrow�察�is smooth�察�at least the margin 

is ;very entire。; 

     ** Upper surface of tubercle not grooved�察�but usually with atomentose 

pulvillus at the tip。 

                 2。 Anhalonium prismaticumLem。 Cact。 1 ��1839��。 

     Mamillaria       prismaticaLem。         Hort。    Univ。     i。   231    ��1839��。Cactus 

prismaticusKuntze�察�Rev。 Gen。 Pl。 261 ��1891��。 

     Flat   above�察  �top´shaped   below�察 �7。5   to   12。5   cm。   in   diameter�此  �tubercles 

��upper     portion��     close��y    imbricate     but   squarrose´     spreading�察    �sharply 

triangular´pyramidal and very acute ��with a sharp cartilaginous tip�察�which 

usually disappears with age and leaves the older tubercles blunt or retuse���察�

18 to   25   mm。   long   and   about   as   wide   at   base�察  �the   upper   surface   almost 

plane   and   smooth�察  �except   that   it   is   more   or   less   pulverulent   and   usually 

bears a small tomentose pulvillus ��often evanescent later�� just behind the 

claw´like   tip�此  �flowers   rose´color�此  �fruit   elongated´   oval   and   reddish。   ��Ill。 

Lem。 Cact。 t。 1。��Type unknown。 

     Referred to Mexico in general�察�but reported definitely only from San 



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                              North American Species of Cactus 



Luis Potosi。Undoubtedly found in Coahuila�察�and possibly crosses the Rio 

Grande in the region of the ;Great Bend。; 

     Specimens examined�此�San Luis   Potosi ��Eschanzier of 1891���此�Mexico 

in   general   ��specimens   from   Coll。   Salm´Dyck   in   1858�察  �Schott   of   1858���此�

also specimens cultivated in Mo。 Bot。 Gard。 in 1881�察�also growing in same 

garden in 1893。 

                        3。 Anhalonium furfuraceum��Watson��。 

     Mamillaria furfuraceaWatson�察�Proc。 Amer。 Acad。 xxv。 150 ��1890��。 

     Very closely related to prismaticum�察�but triangular portion of tubercle 

acuminate and shorter�察�having an irregularly mamillate upper surface�察�and 

the acumination ending abruptly in a cartilaginous depression containing a 

tomentose pulvillus�此�flowers 2。5 to 3 cm。 long�察�white or pinkish�察�the sepals 

brownish。 Type�察�Pringle 2580 in Gray Herb。 

     At Carneros Pass�察�Coahuila。 

     Specimens examined�此�Coahuila ��Pringle 2580 of 1889��。 

     The type of this species was not among the collections received from 

Cambridge�察  �but   a   specimen   of   the   same   distribution   from   the   National 

Herbarium shows tubercle dimensions different from those recorded in Dr。 

Watson's description。In that description   the triangular terminal surface   is 

said   to   be   ;about   an   inch   broad   by   one´half   inch�察─  �which   is   decidedly 

different from the equilateral surface of the tubercle of prismaticum。In the 

National     Herbarium      specimen      of  furfuraceum�察     �however�察   �of   the  same 

distribution�察�the surface is almost equilateral�察�measuring 15 mm。 long by 

18 mm。 wide at base。Without the acuminate upper portion the breadth of 

the triangular portion would be about double its length。The lower rim of 

the   cup´like   depression   which   terminates   the   tubercle   and   contains   the 

pulvillus     is  sometimes       slightly   prolonged      into   a   tooth�察  �which     in 

prismaticum        becomes      the   sharp   tip   of   the   tubercle。The      ;minutely 

furfuraceous´punctulate;   character   of   the   tubercle   is   common   to   all   the 

species   of   Anhalonium   I   have   seen�察  �and   simply   represents   the   external 

openings of the remarkably long cuticular passageways to the stomata。 

                 4。 Anhalonium pulvilligerumLem。 Cact。 ��1839��。 

     Anhalonium elongatumSalm´Dyck ��1850��。 

     This   seems   to   be   a   third   grooveless   Mexican   species。I   have   seen   no 



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                             North American Species of Cactus 



specimens�察  �but   judge   from   the   description   that   it   differs   from   the   two 

preceding species chiefly in its less crowded and more elongated tubercles 

��triangular    portion    5  cm。   long   by  2。5   cm。   broad   at  base���察 �which    are 

covered at apex with a tomentose pulvillus。 



                        GEOGRAPHICAL 

                        DISTRIBUTION。 



     This    curious   genus    is  strictly  Mexican�察   �and�察  �so  far  as  at  present 

recorded�察�is characteristic of Coahuila�察�but a single species ��engelmanni�� 

of the four or five known crossing the Rio Grande in the Great Bend。 



                        3。 LOPHOPHORA��gen。 nov。 



     Depressed´globose�察        �proliferous    and    cespitose�察   �tuberculate´ribbed�察�

unarmed plants�此�tubercles at first conical and bearing at summit a flower´ 

bearing   areola   with   a   dense   tuft   or   short   pencil   of   compact   erect   hairs�察�

when     mature    becoming      broad   and   rounded    ��with   the   remnant    of  the 

penicellate tuft as a persistent pulvillus in a small central depression�� and 

coalescing into broad convex vertical ribs�此�spine bearing areolae obsolete�此�

flowers borne at the summit of nascent tubercles�此�ovary naked ��that is free 

from scales�察�but often downy���此�fruit and seed unknown。 

     These     forms    have    been    variously    referred    to  Anhalonium        and 

Echinocactus�察  �but   seem   to   deserve   generic   distinction。They   differ   from 

Anhalonium   in   the   entire   suppression   of   the   upper   highly   differentiated 

portion of the tubercle�察�in the broad and rounded development of the lower 

portion�察   �and   in  the   coalescence     o
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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