ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡
ºÏ×âС˵Íø ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ© ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ¡ºÊղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷¡»

theologico-political treatise p3(ÉñѧÓëÕþÖÎרÌâÑо¿3)-µÚ1²¿·Ö

¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿! Èç¹û±¾ÊéûÓÐÔĶÁÍ꣬ÏëÏ´μÌÐø½Ó×ÅÔĶÁ£¬¿ÉʹÓÃÉÏ·½ "Êղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷" ¹¦ÄÜ ºÍ "¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©" ¹¦ÄÜ£¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Treatise¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Part¡¡III¡¡¡­¡¡Chapters¡¡XI¡¡to¡¡XV¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Baruch¡¡Spinoza¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡1¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡2¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡CHAPTER¡¡XI¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡AN¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡INQUIRY¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡WHETHER¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THE¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡APOSTLES¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡WROTE¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡THEIR¡¡

EPISTLES¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡AS¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡APOSTLES¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡AND¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡PROPHETS£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡OR¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡MERELY¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡AS¡¡

TEACHERS£»¡¡AND¡¡AN¡¡EXPLANATION¡¡OF¡¡WHAT¡¡IS¡¡MEANT¡¡BY¡¡AN¡¡

APOSTLE¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨1£©¡¡No¡¡reader¡¡of¡¡the¡¡New¡¡Testament¡¡can¡¡doubt¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡were¡¡

prophets£»¡¡but¡¡as¡¡a¡¡prophet¡¡does¡¡not¡¡always¡¡speak¡¡by¡¡revelation£»¡¡but¡¡only£»¡¡at¡¡

rare¡¡intervals£»¡¡as¡¡we¡¡showed¡¡at¡¡the¡¡end¡¡of¡¡Chap¡£¡¡I¡££»¡¡we¡¡may¡¡fairly¡¡inquire¡¡

whether¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡¡¡¡¡wrote¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡Epistles¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡prophets£»¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡revelation¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

express¡¡mandate£»¡¡as¡¡Moses£»¡¡Jeremiah£»¡¡and¡¡others¡¡did£»¡¡or¡¡whether¡¡only¡¡as¡¡

private¡¡¡¡¡¡individuals¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡teachers£»¡¡¡¡¡¡especially¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡Paul£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Corinthians¡¡¡¡¡¡xiv£º6£»¡¡

mentions¡¡two¡¡sorts¡¡of¡¡preaching¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨2£©¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡examine¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡style¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Epistles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡totally¡¡

different¡¡from¡¡that¡¡employed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡prophets¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨3£©¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡prophets¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡continually¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡asserting¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡speak¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡the¡¡

command¡¡of¡¡God£º¡¡¡¨Thus¡¡saith¡¡the¡¡Lord£»¡¨¡¡¡¨The¡¡Lord¡¡of¡¡hosts¡¡saith£»¡¨¡¡¡¨The¡¡

command¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Lord£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡&c¡££»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡habit¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

assemblies¡¡of¡¡the¡¡prophets£»¡¡but¡¡also¡¡in¡¡their¡¡epistles¡¡containing¡¡revelations£»¡¡

as¡¡appears¡¡from¡¡the¡¡epistle¡¡of¡¡Elijah¡¡to¡¡Jehoram£»¡¡2¡¡Chron¡£¡¡xxi£º12£»¡¡which¡¡

begins£»¡¡¡¨Thus¡¡saith¡¡the¡¡Lord¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨4£©¡¡In¡¡the¡¡Apostolic¡¡Epistles¡¡we¡¡find¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sort¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨5£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Contrariwise£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡Cor¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡vii£º40¡¡¡¡¡¡Paul¡¡¡¡¡¡speaks¡¡¡¡¡¡according¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡own¡¡

opinion¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡many¡¡¡¡¡¡passages¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡come¡¡¡¡¡¡across¡¡¡¡¡¡doubtful¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡perplexed¡¡

phrase£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as£»¡¡¡¡¡¨We¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡think£»¡¡¡¡therefore£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rom¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡iii£º28£»¡¡¡¡¡¨Now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡think£»¡¨¡¡

£§Endnote¡¡24£§£»¡¡Rom¡£¡¡viii£º18£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡on¡£¡¡£¨6£©¡¡Besides¡¡these£»¡¡other¡¡expressions¡¡

are¡¡met¡¡with¡¡very¡¡different¡¡from¡¡those¡¡used¡¡by¡¡the¡¡prophets¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨7£©¡¡For¡¡instance£»¡¡1¡¡Cor¡£¡¡vii£º6£»¡¡¡¨But¡¡I¡¡speak¡¡this¡¡by¡¡permission£»¡¡not¡¡by¡¡

commandment£»¡¨¡¡¡¨I¡¡give¡¡my¡¡judgment¡¡as¡¡one¡¡that¡¡hath¡¡obtained¡¡mercy¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡Lord¡¡to¡¡be¡¡faithful¡¨¡¡£¨1¡¡Cor¡£¡¡vii£º25£©£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡on¡¡in¡¡many¡¡other¡¡passages¡£¡¡

£¨8£©¡¡We¡¡must¡¡also¡¡remark¡¡that¡¡in¡¡the¡¡aforesaid¡¡chapter¡¡the¡¡Apostle¡¡says¡¡that¡¡

when¡¡he¡¡states¡¡that¡¡he¡¡has¡¡or¡¡has¡¡not¡¡the¡¡precept¡¡or¡¡commandment¡¡of¡¡God£»¡¡

he¡¡does¡¡not¡¡mean¡¡the¡¡precept¡¡or¡¡commandment¡¡of¡¡God¡¡revealed¡¡to¡¡himself£»¡¡

but¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡words¡¡¡¡¡¡uttered¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡Christ¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡Sermon¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Mount¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨9£©¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡2¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡3¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



Furthermore£»¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡examine¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡manner¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡¡¡¡¡give¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡

evangelical¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡doctrine£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡shall¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡differs¡¡¡¡¡¡materially¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

method¡¡adopted¡¡by¡¡the¡¡prophets¡£¡¡£¨10£©¡¡The¡¡Apostles¡¡everywhere¡¡reason¡¡as¡¡

if¡¡they¡¡were¡¡arguing¡¡rather¡¡than¡¡prophesying£»¡¡the¡¡prophecies£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡other¡¡

hand£»¡¡contain¡¡only¡¡dogmas¡¡and¡¡commands¡£¡¡£¨11£©¡¡God¡¡is¡¡therein¡¡introduced¡¡

not¡¡as¡¡speaking¡¡to¡¡reason£»¡¡but¡¡as¡¡issuing¡¡decrees¡¡by¡¡His¡¡absolute¡¡fiat¡£¡¡£¨12£©¡¡

The¡¡authority¡¡of¡¡the¡¡prophets¡¡does¡¡not¡¡submit¡¡to¡¡discussion£»¡¡for¡¡whosoever¡¡

wishes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡rational¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ground¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡arguments£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wish¡¡

submits¡¡them¡¡to¡¡everyone's¡¡private¡¡judgment¡£¡¡£¨13£©¡¡This¡¡Paul£»¡¡inasmuch¡¡as¡¡

he¡¡uses¡¡reason£»¡¡appears¡¡to¡¡have¡¡done£»¡¡for¡¡he¡¡says¡¡in¡¡1¡¡Cor¡£¡¡x£º15£»¡¡¡¨I¡¡speak¡¡

as¡¡to¡¡wise¡¡men£»¡¡judge¡¡ye¡¡what¡¡I¡¡say¡£¡¨¡¡£¨14£©¡¡The¡¡prophets£»¡¡as¡¡we¡¡showed¡¡at¡¡

the¡¡end¡¡of¡¡Chapter¡¡I¡££»¡¡did¡¡not¡¡perceive¡¡what¡¡was¡¡revealed¡¡by¡¡virtue¡¡of¡¡their¡¡

natural¡¡¡¡¡¡reason£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡though¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡certain¡¡¡¡¡¡passages¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Pentateuch¡¡

which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡seem¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡appeals¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡induction£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡turn¡¡¡¡¡¡out£»¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nearer¡¡

examination£»¡¡to¡¡be¡¡nothing¡¡but¡¡peremptory¡¡commands¡£¡¡£¨15£©¡¡For¡¡instance£»¡¡

when¡¡Moses¡¡says£»¡¡Deut¡£¡¡xxxi£º27£»¡¡¡¨Behold£»¡¡while¡¡I¡¡am¡¡yet¡¡alive¡¡with¡¡you£»¡¡

this¡¡¡¡¡¡day¡¡¡¡¡¡ye¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡rebellious¡¡¡¡¡¡against¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Lord£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡how¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡

after¡¡¡¡¡¡my¡¡¡¡¡¡death£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡means¡¡¡¡¡¡conclude¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡Moses¡¡¡¡¡¡wished¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡

convince¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Israelites¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡reason¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡necessarily¡¡¡¡¡¡fall¡¡¡¡¡¡away¡¡

from¡¡the¡¡worship¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Lord¡¡after¡¡his¡¡death£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡argument¡¡would¡¡have¡¡

been¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡false£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡Scripture¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡itself¡¡¡¡shows£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Israelites¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡continued¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡faithful¡¡

during¡¡the¡¡lives¡¡of¡¡Joshua¡¡and¡¡the¡¡elders£»¡¡and¡¡afterwards¡¡during¡¡the¡¡time¡¡of¡¡

Samuel£»¡¡¡¡¡¡David£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Solomon¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨16£©¡¡¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡words¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Moses¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡

merely¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡moral¡¡¡¡¡¡injunction£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡predicts¡¡¡¡¡¡rhetorically¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡future¡¡

backsliding¡¡of¡¡the¡¡people¡¡so¡¡as¡¡to¡¡impress¡¡it¡¡vividly¡¡on¡¡their¡¡imagination¡£¡¡

£¨17£©¡¡I¡¡say¡¡that¡¡Moses¡¡spoke¡¡of¡¡himself¡¡in¡¡order¡¡to¡¡lend¡¡likelihood¡¡to¡¡his¡¡

prediction£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡as¡¡a¡¡prophet¡¡by¡¡revelation£»¡¡because¡¡in¡¡verse¡¡21¡¡of¡¡the¡¡

same¡¡¡¡¡¡chapter¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡told¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡God¡¡¡¡¡¡revealed¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡same¡¡¡¡¡¡thing¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡Moses¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡

different¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡words£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡need¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡make¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Moses¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡certain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡

argument¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡God's¡¡¡¡¡¡prediction¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡decree£»¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡¡¡necessary¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡

should¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡vividly¡¡¡¡¡¡impressed¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡imagination£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡could¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡

better¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡accomplished¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡than¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡imagining¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡existing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡contumacy¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

people£»¡¡of¡¡which¡¡he¡¡had¡¡had¡¡frequent¡¡experience£»¡¡as¡¡likely¡¡to¡¡extend¡¡into¡¡

the¡¡future¡£¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡3¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡4¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨18£©¡¡All¡¡the¡¡arguments¡¡employed¡¡by¡¡Moses¡¡in¡¡the¡¡five¡¡books¡¡are¡¡to¡¡be¡¡

understood¡¡in¡¡a¡¡similar¡¡manner£»¡¡they¡¡are¡¡not¡¡drawn¡¡from¡¡the¡¡armoury¡¡of¡¡

reason£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡merely£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡modes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡expression¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡calculated¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡instil¡¡¡¡with¡¡

efficacy£»¡¡and¡¡present¡¡vividly¡¡to¡¡the¡¡imagination¡¡the¡¡commands¡¡of¡¡God¡£¡¡£¨19£©¡¡

However£»¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡wish¡¡absolutely¡¡to¡¡deny¡¡that¡¡the¡¡prophets¡¡ever¡¡argued¡¡

from¡¡revelation£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡only¡¡¡¡maintain¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡prophets¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡¡¡legitimate¡¡

use¡¡of¡¡argument¡¡in¡¡proportion¡¡as¡¡their¡¡knowledge¡¡approached¡¡more¡¡nearly¡¡

to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ordinary¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡knowledge£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡know¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡possessed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡

knowledge¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡above¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡ordinary£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡inasmuch¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡proclaimed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡absolute¡¡

dogmas£»¡¡decrees£»¡¡or¡¡judgments¡£¡¡£¨20£©¡¡Thus¡¡Moses£»¡¡the¡¡chief¡¡of¡¡the¡¡prophets£»¡¡

never¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡used¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡legitimate¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡argument£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡hand£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡long¡¡

deductions¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡arguments¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Paul£»¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Epistle¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Romans£»¡¡are¡¡in¡¡nowise¡¡written¡¡from¡¡supernatural¡¡revelation¡£¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨21£©¡¡The¡¡modes¡¡of¡¡expression¡¡and¡¡discourse¡¡adopted¡¡by¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡

in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Epistles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡show¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡clearly¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡latter¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡written¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡

revelation¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Divine¡¡¡¡¡¡command£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡merely¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡natural¡¡¡¡¡¡powers¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

judgment¡¡of¡¡the¡¡authors¡£¡¡£¨22£©¡¡They¡¡consist¡¡in¡¡brotherly¡¡admonitions¡¡and¡¡

courteous¡¡expressions¡¡such¡¡as¡¡would¡¡never¡¡be¡¡employed¡¡in¡¡prophecy£»¡¡as¡¡

for¡¡¡¡¡¡instance£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Paul's¡¡¡¡¡¡excuse¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Romans¡¡¡¡¡¡xv£º15£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨I¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡written¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡

boldly¡¡unto¡¡you¡¡in¡¡some¡¡sort£»¡¡my¡¡brethren¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨23£©¡¡¡¡¡¡We¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡arrive¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡same¡¡¡¡¡¡conclusion¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡observing¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡

never¡¡read¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡were¡¡commanded¡¡to¡¡write£»¡¡but¡¡only¡¡that¡¡they¡¡

went¡¡¡¡¡¡everywhere¡¡¡¡¡¡preaching£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡confirmed¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡words¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡signs¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨24£©¡¡

Their¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡personal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡presence¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡signs¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡absolutely¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡necessary¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

conversion¡¡and¡¡establishment¡¡in¡¡religion¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Gentiles£»¡¡as¡¡Paul¡¡himself¡¡

expressly¡¡states¡¡in¡¡Rom¡£¡¡i£º11£»¡¡¡¨But¡¡I¡¡long¡¡to¡¡see¡¡you£»¡¡that¡¡I¡¡may¡¡impart¡¡to¡¡

you¡¡some¡¡spiritual¡¡gift£»¡¡to¡¡the¡¡end¡¡that¡¡ye¡¡may¡¡be¡¡established¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨25£©¡¡It¡¡may¡¡be¡¡objected¡¡that¡¡we¡¡might¡¡prove¡¡in¡¡similar¡¡fashion¡¡that¡¡the¡¡

Apostles¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡preach¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡prophets£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡go¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡particular¡¡

places£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡prophets¡¡did£»¡¡by¡¡the¡¡command¡¡of¡¡God¡£¡¡£¨26£©¡¡We¡¡read¡¡in¡¡the¡¡

Old¡¡Testament¡¡that¡¡Jonah¡¡went¡¡to¡¡Nineveh¡¡to¡¡preach£»¡¡and¡¡at¡¡the¡¡same¡¡time¡¡

that¡¡he¡¡was¡¡expressly¡¡sent¡¡there£»¡¡and¡¡told¡¡that¡¡he¡¡most¡¡preach¡£¡¡£¨27£©¡¡So¡¡also¡¡

it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡related£»¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡length£»¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Moses¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡went¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡Egypt¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

messenger¡¡of¡¡God£»¡¡and¡¡was¡¡told¡¡at¡¡the¡¡same¡¡time¡¡what¡¡he¡¡should¡¡say¡¡to¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡4¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡5¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡A¡¡Theologico¡­Political¡¡Treatise¡¡



children¡¡of¡¡Israel¡¡and¡¡to¡¡king¡¡Pharaoh£»¡¡and¡¡what¡¡wonders¡¡he¡¡should¡¡work¡¡

before¡¡them¡¡to¡¡give¡¡credit¡¡to¡¡his¡¡words¡£¡¡£¨28£©¡¡Isaiah£»¡¡Jeremiah£»¡¡and¡¡Ezekiel¡¡

were¡¡expressly¡¡commanded¡¡to¡¡preach¡¡to¡¡the¡¡Israelites¡£¡¡Lastly£»¡¡the¡¡prophets¡¡

only¡¡preached¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡assured¡¡by¡¡Scripture¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡received¡¡from¡¡

God£»¡¡whereas¡¡this¡¡is¡¡hardly¡¡ever¡¡said¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡in¡¡the¡¡New¡¡Testament£»¡¡

when¡¡they¡¡went¡¡about¡¡to¡¡preach¡£¡¡£¨29£©¡¡On¡¡the¡¡contrary£»¡¡we¡¡find¡¡passages¡¡

expressly¡¡implying¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Apostles¡¡chose¡¡the¡¡places¡¡where¡¡they¡¡should¡¡

preach¡¡on¡¡their¡¡own¡¡responsibility£»¡¡for¡¡there¡¡was¡¡a¡¡difference¡¡amounting¡¡to¡¡

a¡¡quarrel¡¡between¡¡Paul¡¡and¡¡Barnabas¡¡on¡¡the¡¡subject¡¡£¨Acts¡¡xv£º37£»¡¡38£©¡£¡¡£¨30£©¡¡

Often¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡wished¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡go¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡place£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡prevented£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡Paul¡¡¡¡¡¡writes£»¡¡

Rom¡£¡¡i£º13£»¡¡¡¨Oftentimes¡¡I¡¡purposed¡¡to¡¡come¡¡to¡¡you£»¡¡but¡¡was¡¡let¡¡hitherto£»¡¨¡¡

and¡¡in¡¡I¡¡Cor¡£¡¡xvi£º12£»¡¡¡¨As¡¡touching¡¡our¡¡brother¡¡Apollos£»¡¡I¡¡greatly¡¡desired¡¡

him¡¡to¡¡come¡¡unto¡¡you¡¡with¡¡the¡¡brethren£»¡¡but¡¡his¡¡will¡¡was¡¡not¡¡at¡¡all¡¡to¡¡come¡¡

at¡¡this¡¡time£º¡¡but¡¡he¡¡will¡¡come¡¡when¡¡he¡¡shall¡¡have¡¡convenient¡¡time¡£¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨31£©¡¡¡¡¡¡From¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡expressions¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡differences¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡opinion¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

Apostles£»¡¡and¡¡also¡¡from¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡Scripture¡¡nowhe
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨1£© ²È£¨1£©
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿!
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡