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memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v10-及17何蛍
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
do�拭 �Was I to abandon Holland to our enemies�拭 �Ought I to have given
it another King�拭 �But is that case could I have expected more from
him than from my own brother�拭 �Did not all the Kings that I created
act nearly in the same manner�拭 �I therefore united Holland to the
Empire�察�and this act produced a most unfavourable impression in
Europe�察�and contributed not a little to lay the foundation of our
misfortunes; ��Memorial de Sainte Helene����
CHAPTER XVIII。
1809。
Demands for contingents from some of the small States of Germany
M。 MetternichPosition of Russia with respect to FranceUnion of
Austria and RussiaReturn of the English to SpainSoult King of
Portugal�察�and Murat successor to the EmperorFirst levy of the
landwehr in AustriaAgents of the Hamburg 'Correspondent'
Declaration of Prince CharlesNapoleon's march to GermanyHis
proclamationBernadotte's departure for the armyNapoleon's
dislike of BernadottePrince Charles' plan of campaignThe English
at CuxhavenFruitlessness of the plots of EnglandNapoleon
woundedNapoleon's prediction realisedMajor SchillHamburg
threatened and savedSchill in LubeckHis death�察�and destruction
of his bandSchill imitated by the Duke of Brunswick´OEls
Departure of the English from Cuxhaven。
Bonaparte�察�the foundations of whose Empire were his sword and his。
victories�察�and who was anxiously looking forward to the time when the
sovereigns of Continental Europe should be his juniors�察�applied for
contingents of troops from the States to which I was accredited。 The
Duchy of Mecklenburg´Schwerin was to furnish a regiment of 1800 men�察�and
the other little States�察�such as Oldenburg and Mecklenburg´Strelitz�察�were
to furnish regiments of less amount。 All Europe was required to rise in
arms to second the gigantic projects of the new sovereign。 This demand
for contingents�察�and the positive way in which the Emperor insisted upon
them�察�gave rise to an immense correspondence�察�which�察�however�察�was
unattended by any result。 The notes and orders remained in the
portfolios�察�and the contingents stayed at home。
M。 Metternich�察�whose talent has since been so conspicuously displayed��
had been for upwards of a year Ambassador from Austria to Paris。 Even
then he excelled in the art of guiding men's minds�察�and of turning to the
advantage of his policy his external graces and the favour he acquired in
the drawing´room。 His father�察�a clever man�察�brought up in the old
diplomatic school of Thugut and Kaunitz�察�had early accustomed him to the
task of making other Governments believe�察�by means of agents�察�what might
lead them into error and tend to the advantage of his own Government。
His manoeuvres tended to make Austria assume a discontented and haughty
tone�察�and wishing�察�as she said�察�to secure her independence�察�she publicly
declared her intention of protecting herself against any enterprise
similar to those of which she had so often been the victim。 This
language�察�encouraged by the complete evacuation of Germany�察�and the war
in Spain�察�the unfortunate issue of which was generally foreseen�察�was
usedin time of peace between the two empires�察�and when France was not
threatening war to Austria。
��Metternich arrived in Paris as Ambassador on 4th August 1806��
after Austria had been vanquished at Austerlitz。 It does not seem
probable�察�either from his views or his correspondence�察�that he
advised the rash attempt of Austria to attack Napoleon by herself��
compare Metternich tome 1。 p。 69�察�on the mistake of Prussia in 1805
and 1806�察�see also tome ii。 p。 221�察 �To provoke a war with France
would be madness; ��1st July 1808��。 On the other hand�察�the tone of
his correspondence in 1808 seams calculated to make Austria believe
that war was inevitable�察�and that her forces�察 �so inferior to those
of France before the insurrection in Spain�察�will at least be equal
to them immediately after that event; ��tome ii。 p。 808��。 What is
curious is that Metternich's conduct towards Napoleon while
Ambassador had led even such men as Duke Dalberg to believe that he
was really so well disposed towards Napoleon as to serve his cause
more than that of Austria。
M。 Metternich�察�who had instructions from his Court�察�gave no satisfactory
explanation of those circumstances to Napoleon�察�who immediately raised a
conscription�察�and brought soldiers from Spain into Germany。
It was necessary�察�also�察�to come to an understanding with Russia�察�who��
being engaged with her war in Finland and Turkey�察�appeared desirous
neither to enter into alliance with Austria nor to afford her support。
What�察�in fact�察�was the Emperor Alexander's situation with respect to
France�拭 �He had signed a treaty of peace at Tilsit which he felt had been
forced upon him�察�and he knew that time alone would render it possible for
him to take part in a contest which it was evident would again be renewed
either with Prussia or Austria。
Every person of common sense must have perceived that Austria�察�in taking
up arms�察�reckoned�察�if not on the assistance�察�at least on the neutrality
of Russia。 Russia was then engaged with two enemies�察�the Swedes and the
Turks�察�over whom she hoped to triumph。 She therefore rejoiced to see
France again engage in a struggle with Austria�察�and there was no doubt
that she would take advantage of any chances favourable to the latter
power to join her in opposing the encroachments of France。 I never could
conceive how�察�under those circumstances�察�Napoleon could be so blind as to
expect assistance from Russia in his quarrel with Austria。 He must��
indeed�察�have been greatly deceived as to the footing on which the two
Courts stood with reference to each othertheir friendly footing and
their mutual agreement to oppose the overgrowing ambition of their common
enemy。
The English�察�who had been compelled to quit Spain�察�now returned there。
They landed in Portugal�察�which might be almost regarded as their own
colony�察�and marched against Marshal Soult�察�who left Spain to meet them。
Any other man than Soult would perhaps have been embarrassed by the
obstacles which he had to surmount。 A great deal has been said about his
wish to make himself King of Portugal。 Bernadotte told me�察�when he
passed through Hamburg�察�that the matter had been the subject of much
conversation at headquarters after the battle of Wagram。 Bernadotte
placed no faith in the report�察�and I am pretty sure that Napoleon also
disbelieved it。 However�察�this matter is still involved in the obscurity
from which it will only be drawn when some person acquainted with the
intrigue shall give a full explanation of it。
Since I have�察�with reference to Soult�察�touched upon the subject of his
supposed ambition�察�I will mention here what I know of Murat's expectation
of succeeding the Emperor。 When Romanzow returned from his useless
mission of mediation to London the Emperor proceeded to Bayonne。
Bernadotte�察�who had an agent in Paris whom he paid highly�察�told me one
day that he had received a despatch informing him that Murat entertained
the idea of one day succeeding the Emperor。 Sycophants�察�expecting to
derive advantage from it�察�encouraged Murat in this chimerical hope。
I know not whether Napoleon was acquainted with this circumstance�察�nor
what he said of it�察�but Bernadotte spoke of it to me as a certain fact。
It would�察�however�察�have been very wrong to attach great importance to an
expression which�察�perhaps�察�escaped Murat in a moment of ardour�察�for his
natural temperament sometimes betrayed him into acts of imprudence�察�the
result of which�察�with a man like Napoleon�察�was always to be dreaded。
It was in the midst of the operations of the Spanish war�察�which Napoleon
directed in person�察�that he learned Austria had for the first time raised
the landwehr。 I obtained some very curious documents respecting the
armaments of Austria from the Editor of the Hamburg 'Correspondent'。
This paper�察�the circulation of which amounted to not less than 60��000��
paid considerable sums to persons in different parts of Europe who were
able and willing to furnish the current news。 The Correspondent paid
6000 francs a year to a clerk in the war department at Vienna�察�and it was
this clerk who supplied the intelligence that Austria was preparing for
war�察�and that orders had been issued in all directions to collect and put
in motion all the resources of that powerful monarchy。 I communicated
these particulars to the French Government�察�and suggested the necessity
of increased vigilance and measures of defence。 Preceding aggressions��
especially that of 1805�察�were not to be forgotten。 Similar information
probably reached the French Government from many quarters。 Be that as it
may�察�the Emperor consigned the military operations in Spain to his
generals�察�and departed for Paris�察�where he arrived at the end of January
1809。 He had been in Spain only since the beginning of November 1808��'
and his presence there had again rendered our banners victorious。 But
though the insurgent troops were beaten the inhabitants showed themselves
more and more unfavourable to Joseph's cause�察�and it did not appear very
probable that he could ever seat himself tranquilly on the throne of
Madrid。
��The successes obtained by Napoleon during his stay of about three
months in Spain were certainly very great�察�and mainly resulted from
his own masterly genius and lightning´like rapidity。 The Spanish
armies�察�as yet unsupported by British troops�察�were defeated at
Gomenal�察�Espinosa�察�Reynosa�察�Tudela�察�and at the pass of the Somo
sierra Mountains�察�and at an early hour of the morning of the 4th
December Madrid surrendered。 On the 20th of December Bonaparte
marched with far superior forces against the unfortunate Sir John
Moore�察�who had been sent to advance into Spain both by the wrong
route and at a wrong time。 On the 29th�察�from the heights of
Benevento�察�his eyes were delighted by seeing the English in full
retreat。 But a blow struck him from another quarter�察�and leaving
Soult to follow up Moore he took the road to Pari
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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