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栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

the spirit of place and other essays(仇圭議娼舞吉)-及4何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



though      he   were    invisible。    He     never    had   the   impersonal      ways     of  a 

herdsman in the remoter Apennines�察�with a blind�察�blank hut in the rocks 

for his dwelling。 Millet would not even have taken him as a model for a 

solitary   in   the   briefer   and   milder   sylvan   solitudes   of   France。      And   yet 

nothing   but   a   life´long�察  �habitual�察  �and   wild   solitariness   would   be   quite 

proportionate to a park of any magnitude。 

     If there is a look of human eyes that tells of perpetual loneliness�察�so 

there is also the familiar look that is the sign of perpetual crowds。                       It is 

the   London   expression�察  �and�察  �in   its   way�察  �the   Paris   expression。       It   is   the 

quickly caught�察 �though not interested�察�look�察 �the   dull but   ready  glance   of 

those who do not know of their forfeited place apart�察�who have neither the 

open   secret   nor   the   close�察  �no   reserve�察  �no   need   of   refuge�察  �no   flight   nor 

impulse of flight�察�no moods but what they may brave out in the street�察�no 

hope of news from solitary counsels。 



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           THE LADY OF THE LYRICS 



     She is eclipsed�察�or gone�察�or in hiding。          But the sixteenth century took 

her for granted as the object of song�察�she was a class�察�a state�察�a sex。                  It 

was scarcely necessary to waste the lyrist's time´ ´time that went so gaily 

to metre as not to brook delaysin making her out too clearly。                  She had 

no more of what later times call individuality than has the rose�察�her rival�察�

her foil when she was kinder�察�her superior when she was cruel�察�her ever 

fresh   and   ever   conventional   paragon。      She   needed   not   to   be   devised   or 

divined�察�she was ready。         A merry heart goes all the day�察�the lyrist's never 

grew weary。       Honest men never grow tired of bread or of any other daily 

things whereof the sweetness is in their own simplicity。 

     The    lady   of  the   lyrics  was   not   loved   in  mortal    earnest�察  �and   her 

punishment now and then for her ingratitude was to be told that she was 

loved in jest。     She did not love�察�her fancy was fickle�察�she was not moved 

by long service�察�which�察�by the way�察�was evidently to be taken for granted 

precisely like the whole long past of a dream。 She had not a good temper。 

When the poet groans it seems that she has laughed at him�察�when he flouts 

her�察  �we   may   understand   that   she   has   chidden   her   lyrist   in   no   temperate 

terms。     In doing this she has sinned not so much against him as against 

Love。     With   that   she   is   perpetually   reproved。    The   lyrist   complains   to 

Love�察�pities Love for her scorning�察�and threatens to go away with Love�察�

who is on his side。        The sweetest verse is tuned to love when the loved 

one proves worthy。 

     There is no record of success for this policy。           She goes on dancing or 

scolding�察    �as  the  case   may    be�察 �and   the  lyrist  goes   on  boasting    of  his 

constancy�察�or suddenly renounces it for a day。             The situation has variants�察�

but no surprise or ending。         The lover's convention is explicit enough�察�but 

it might puzzle a reader to account for the lady's。             Pride in her beauty�察�at 

any rate�察�is herspride so great that she cannot bring herself to perceive 

the shortness of her day。 She is so unobservant as to need to be told that 

life is brief�察�and youth briefer than life�察�that the rose fades�察�and so forth。 

     Now we need not assume that the lady of the lyrics ever lived。                   But 



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taking her as the perfectly unanimous conception of the lyrists�察�how is it 

she did not discover these things unaided�拭             �Why does the lover invariably 

imagine   her   with   a   mind   intensely   irritable   under   his   own   praise   and 

poetry�拭     �Obviously      we    cannot    have    her  explanation      of  any   of  these 

matters。     Why do the poets so much lament the absence of truth in one 

whose truth would be of little moment�拭              �And why was the convention so 

pleasant�察�among all others�察�as to occupy a whole age nay�察�two great ages´ 

´of literature�拭�

     Music seems to be principally answerable。                For the lyrics of the lady 

are ;words for music; by a great majority。              There is hardly a single poem 

in the Elizabethan Song´books�察�properly so named�察�that has what would in 

our   day   be   called   a   tone   of   sentiment。   Music   had   not   then   the   tone 

herself�察�she was ingenious�察�and so must the words be。                  She had the air of 

epigram�察�and an   accurately definite limit。  So�察�too�察�the lady of the   lyrics�察�

who   might   be   called   the   lady   of   the   stanzas�察  �so   strictly   does   she   go   by 

measure。       When      she  is  quarrelsome�察     �it  is  but  fuguishness�察    �when     she 

dances�察�she does it by a canon。             She could not but be perverse�察�merrily 

sung to such grave notes。 

     So fixed was the law of this perversity that none in the song´books is 

allowed to be kind enough for a ;melody�察─�except one lady only。 She may 

thus derogate�察�for the exceedingly Elizabethan reason that she is ;brown。; 

She   is   brown   and   kind�察  �and   a   ;sad   flower�察─  �but   the   song   made   for   her 

would have been too insipid�察�apparently�察�without an antithesis。                     The fair 

one is warned that her disdain makes her even less lovely than the brown。 

     Fair as a lily�察�hard to please�察�easily angry�察�ungrateful for innumerable 

verses�察�uncertain with the regularity of the madrigal�察�and inconstant with 

the   punctuality   of   a   stanza�察  �she   has   gone   with   the   arts   of   that   day�察  �and 

neither verse nor music will ever make such another lady。                   She refused to 

observe   the   transiency   of   roses�察  �she   never   really   intendedmuch   as   she 

was urgedto be a shepherdess�察�she was never persuaded to mitigate her 

dress。    In return�察�the world has let her disappear。             She scorned the poets 

until they turned upon her in the epigram of many a final couplet�察�and of 

these the last has been long written。           Her ;No; was set to counterpoint in 

the part´song�察�and she frightened Love out of her sight in a ballet。                  Those 



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occupations are gone�察�and the lovely Elizabethan has slipped away。                         She 

was something less than mortal。 

     But she who was more than mortal was mortal too。                    This was no lady 

of   the   unanimous   lyrists�察  �but   a   rare   visitant   unknown   to   these   exquisite 

little   talents。   She     was   not   set  for   singing�察  �but   poetry    spoke    of  her�察�

sometimes when she was sleeping�察�and then Fletcher said ´ 

       None can rock Heaven to sleep but her。 

       Or when she was singing�察�and Carew rhymed ´ 

       Ask   me   no   more   whither   doth   haste   The   nightingale   when   May   is 

past�察�For in your sweet dividing throat She winters�察�and keeps warm her 

note。 

       Sometimes when the lady was dead�察�and Carew�察�again�察�wrote on her 

monument ´ 

       And here the precious dust is laid�察�Whose purely´tempered clay was 

made So fine that it the guest betrayed。 

       But there was besides another Lady of the lyrics�察�one who will never 

pass from the world�察�but has passed from song。                   In the sixteenth century 

and    in  the   seventeenth      century   this   lady   was    Death。    Her     inspiration 

never   failed�察  �not   a   poet   but   found   it   as   fresh   as   the   inspiration   of   life。 

Fancy was not quenched by the inevitable thought in those days�察�as it is in 

ours�察�and the phrase lost no dignity by the integrity of use。 

     To   every   man   it   happens   that   at   one   time   of   his   lifefor   a   space   of 

years     or  for   a  space    of   monthshe      is  convinced      of   death    with   an 

incomparable reality。         It might seem as though literature�察�living the life of 

a man�察�underwent that conviction in those ages。                   Death was as often on 

the   tongues   of   men   in   older   ages�察  �and   oftener   in   their   hands�察  �but   in   the 

sixteenth   century   it   was   at   their   hearts。   The   discovery   of   death   did   not 

shake the poets from their composure。 On the contrary�察�the verse is never 

measured with more majestic effect than when it moves in honour of this 

Lady of   the lyrics。       Sir Walter   Raleigh   is but   a   jerky  writer   when   he   is 

rhyming other things�察�however bitter or however solemn�察�but his lines on 

death�察�which are also lines on immortality�察�are infinitely noble。                  These are�察�

needless to say�察 �meditations upon death by law and violence�察�and so are 

the ingenious rhymes of Chidiock Tichborne�察�written after his last prose in 



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his farewell letter to his wife;Now�察�Sweet´ cheek�察�what is left to bestow 

on thee�察�a small recompense for thy deservings;and singularly beautiful 

prose is this。     So also are Southwell's words。             But these are exceptional 

deaths�察  �and   more   dramatic   than   was   needed   to   awake   the   poetry   of   the 

meditative age。 

     It was death as the end
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��