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the cavalry general(楠汚錦海)-及6何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



direction�察�and a portion of his force becomes detached from his main body 

or    through     excess    of  confidence      is  caught     straggling�察    �do   not   let  the 

opportunity escape�察�but make it a rule always to pursue a weaker with a 

stronger   force。��21�А  �These�察  �indeed�察  �are   rules   of   procedure�察  �which   it   only 

requires a simple effort of the mind to appreciate。 Creatures far duller of 

wit   than   man   have   this   ability�此  �kites   and   falcons�察  �when   anything   is   left 

unguarded�察  �pounce   and   carry   it   off   and   retire   into   safety   without   being 

caught�察�or wolves�察�again�察�will hunt down any quarry left widowed of its 

guard�察  �or   thieve   what   they   can   in   darksome   corners。��22�А  �In   case   a   dog 

pursues   and   overtakes   them�察  �should   he   chance   to   be   weaker   the   wolf 

attacks him�察�or if stronger�察�the wolf will slaughter��23�А�his quarry and make 

off。   At   other   times�察  �if   the   pack   be   strong   enough   to   make   light   of   the 

guardians of a flock�察�they will marshal their battalions�察�as it were�察�some to 

drive off the guard and others to effect the capture�察�and so by stealth or fair 

fight they provide themselves with the necessaries of life。 I say�察�if dumb 

beasts are capable of conducting a raid with so much sense and skill�察�it is 

hard   if   any   average   man   cannot   prove   himself   equally   intelligent   with 

creatures which themselves fall victims to the craft of man。 

     ��19�А�e。g。 defiles�察�bridges�察�outposts�察�stores�察�etc。 

     ��20�А�e。g。 a line of outposts�察�troops in billets or bivouac�察�etc。 

     ��21�А �It is a maxim�察�the quarry should be weaker than the pursuer。; 

     ��22�А    �Zeune     cf。  Ael。   ;N。    A。;   viii。  14�察  �on   the   skill   of  wolves     in 

hunting。 

     ��23�А  �For   ��aposphaxas��   Courier   suggests   ��apospasas���察   �dragging   off 

what          he can。; 



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                                                 V 



     Here is another matter which every horseman ought to know�察�and that 

is within what distance a horse can overhaul a man on foot�察�or the interval 

necessary   to   enable   a   slower   horse   to   escape   one   more   fleet。   It   is   the 

business rather of the cavalry general to recognise at a glance the sort of 

ground on   which   infantry  will   be   superior   to   cavalry  and   where   cavalry 

will   be   superior   to   infantry。   He   should   be   a   man   of   invention�察  �ready   of 

device   to   turn   all   circumstances   to   account�察  �so   as   to   give   at   one   time   a 

small   body   of   cavalry   the   appearance   of   a   larger�察  �and   again   a   large   the 

likeness of a smaller body�察�he should have the craft to appear absent when 

close at hand�察�and within striking distance when a long way off�察�he should 

know exactly not only how to steal an enemy's position�察�but by a master 

stroke     of  cunning��1�А    �to  spirit   his  own    cavalry   away�察    �and�察  �when     least 

expected�察�deliver his attack。 Another excellent specimen of inventiveness 

may be seen in the general's ability�察�while holding a weak position himself�察�

to   conjure   up   so   lively   an   apprehension   in   the   enemy   that   he   will   not 

dream of attacking�察�or conversely�察�when�察�being in a strong position himself�察�

he   can   engender   a   fatal   boldness   in   the   adversary   to   venture   an   attack。 

Thus with   the least   cost to   yourself�察 �you will  best be   able to   catch   your 

enemy tripping。 

     ��1�А�Or�察 �sleight of hand;�察�and for ��kleptein�� = escamoter see ;Anab。; 

IV。 vi。 11�察�15�察�V。 vi。 9。 

     But to avoid suspicion of seeming to prescribe impossible feats�察�I will 

set down�察�in so many words�察�the procedure in certain crucial instances。 

     The best safeguard against failure in any attempt to enforce pursuit or 

conduct a retreat lies in a thorough knowledge of your horse's powers。��2�А�

But how is this experience to be got�拭�Simply by paying attention to their 

behaviour in the peaceable manouvres of the sham fight�察�when there is no 

real   enemy   to   intervenehow   the   animals   come   off�察  �in   fact�察  �and   what 

stamina they show in the various charges and retreats。 

     ��2�А。�empeiria���察 �empirical knowledge。; 

     Or suppose the problem is to make your cavalry appear numerous。 In 

the first place�察�let it be a fundamental rule�察�if possible�察�not to attempt to 



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delude     the   enemy     at  close   quarters�察  �distance�察   �as  it  aids  illusion�察  �will 

promote security。 The next point is to bear in mind that a mob of horses 

clustered     together    ��owing     perhaps    to   the  creatures'    size��   will  give   a 

suggestion of number�察�whereas scattered they may easily be counted。 

     Another means by which you may give your troop an appearance of 

numerical strength beyond reality consists in posting�察�in and out between 

the    troopers�察  �so   many    lines   of  grooms��3�А    �who    should    carry   lances    if 

possible�察�or staves at any rate to look like lancesa plan which will serve 

alike   whether   you   mean   to   display   your   cavalry   force   at   the   halt   or   are 

deploying to increase front�察�in either case�察�obviously the bulk and volume 

of the force�察�whatever your formation�察�will appear increased。 Conversely�察�

if   the   problem   be   to   make   large   numbers   appear   small�察  �supposing   you 

have ground at command adapted to concealment�察�the thing is simple�此�by 

leaving   a   portion   of   your   men   exposed   and   hiding   away   a   portion   in 

obscurity�察    �you   may    effect   your   object。��4�А   �But   if  the   ground    nowhere 

admits of cover�察�your best course is to form your files��5�А�into ranks one 

behind the other�察�and wheel them round so as to leave intervals between 

each file�察�the troopers nearest the enemy in each file will keep their lances 

erect�察�and the rest low enough not to show above。 

     ��3�А  �Cf。   Polyaen。   II。   i。   17�察  �of Agesilaus   in   Macedonia�察  �394   B。C。   ��our 

author was probably present���察�IV。 iv。 3�察�of Antipater in Thessaly�察                        �323 

B。C。 

     ��4�А�Lit。 ;steal your troopers。; See ;Cyrop。; V。 iv。 48。 

     ��5�А  �Lit。   ;form   your   decads   ��squads   of   ten�察  �cf。   our   'fours'��   in   ranks 

and deploy with intervals。; 

     To come to the next topic�此�you may work on the enemy's fears by the 

various      devices     of   mock      ambuscades�察      �sham      relief   parties�察   �false 

information。 Conversely�察�his confidence will reach an overweening pitch�察�

if the idea gets abroad that his opponents have troubles of their own and 

little leisure for offensive operations。 

     But    over    and    beyond     all  that   can    be   written    on   the   subject 

inventiveness is   a   personal   matter�察 �beyond   all   formulasthe true   general 

must be able to take in�察�deceive�察�decoy�察�delude his adversary at every turn�察�

as the particular occasion demands。 In fact�察�there is no instrument of war 



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more cunning than chicanery�撮�6�А�which is not surprising when one reflects 

that even little boys�察�when playing�察 �How many ��marbles�� have I got in my 

hand�拭┌�7�А�are able to take one another in successfully。 Out goes a clenched 

fist�察  �but   with   such   cunning   that   he   who   holds   a   few   is   thought   to   hold 

several�察�or he may present several and appear to be holding only a few。 Is 

it likely that a grown man�察�giving his whole mind to methods of chicanery�察�

will   fail   of   similar   inventiveness�拭  �Indeed�察  �when   one   comes   to   consider 

what is meant by advantages snatched in war�察�one will find�察�i think�察�that 

the greater part of them�察�and those the more important�察�must be attributed 

in some way or other to displays of craft�撮�8�А�which things being so�察�a man 

had better either not attempt to exercise command�察�or�察�as part and parcel of 

his general equipment�察�let him pray to Heaven to enable him to exercise 

this faculty and be at pains himself to cultivate his own inventiveness。 

     ��6�А�Cf。 ;Cyrop。; IV。 ii。 26�察�VII。 i。 18。 

     ��7�А  。�posinda���察  �lit。   ;How   many�拭─  。�i。e。   dice�察  �nuts�察  �marbles�察  �etc。���察  �cf。 

the   old   game�察   �Buck�   �buck�   �how   many   horns   do   I   hold   up�拭─  �Schneid。 

cf。 Aristot。 ;Rhet。;iii。 5。 4。 

     ��8�А �Have been won in connection with craft。; See ;Cyrop。; I。 vi。 32�察�

;Mem。; III。 i。 6�察�IV。 ii。 15。 

     A   general�察  �who   has   access   to   the   sea�察  �may   exercise   the   faculty   as 

follows�此�he may either�察�whilst apparently engaged in fitting out his vessels�察�

strike   a   blow    on   land�撮�9�А  �or   with   a   make´believe      of   some    aggressive 

design by land�察�hazard an adventure by sea。��10�А�

     ��9�А�A ruse adopted by Jason�察�371 B。C。 Cf。 ;Hell。; VI。 iv。 21。 

     ��10�А  �Cf。   the   tactics   of   the   Athenians   at   Catana�察  �415   B。C。   Thuc。   vi。 

64。 

     I   consider   it   to   be   the   duty   of   the   cavalry   commander   to   point   out 

clearly to the state authority the essential weakness of a force of cavalry 

unaided      by   light   infantry�察   �as  opposed      to  cavalry     with   foot´    soldiers 

attached。��11�А�It is duty also�察�having got his footmen�察�to turn the force to 

good account。 It is possible to conceal them effectively�察�not only between 

the   lines�察  �but   in   rear   also   of   the   troopersthe   mounted   soldier   towering 

high above his follower on foot。 

     ��11�А   �Or�察   �di
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��