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memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v2-及4何蛍
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
the impossibility of prescribing operations of war according to the view
of persons in Paris�察�and when I became the secretary of the General´in´
Chief I saw a despatch of the Directory�察�dated May�察�1796�察�committing the
whole plan of the campaign to his judgment�察�and assuredly there was not a
single operation or movement which did not originate with him。 Carnot
was obliged to yield to his firmness。 When the Directory�察�towards the
end of 1796�察�felt disposed to treat for peace�察�General Clarke�察�appointed
to conclude the armistice�察�was authorised�察�in case Mantua should not be
taken before the negotiation was brought to a close�察�to propose leaving
the blockade in statu quo。 Had such a condition been adopted it would
doubtless hays been stipulated that the Emperor of Austria should be
allowed to provision the garrison and inhabitants of the city day by day。
Bonaparte�察�convinced that an armistice without Mantua would by no means
conduce to peace�察�earnestly opposed such a condition。 He carried his
point�察�Mantua capitulated�察�and the result is well known。 Yet he was not
blind to the hazards of war�察�while preparing�察�during the blockade�察�an
assault on Mantua�察�he wrote thus to the Directory�此 �A bold stroke of this
nature depends absolutely for success on a dog or a goose。; This was
about a question of surprise。
Bonaparte was exceedingly sensitive to the rumours which reached him
respecting Carnot and Berthier。 He one day said to me�此 �What gross
stupidity�察�is this�拭 �It is very well to say to a general�察�'Depart for
Italy�察�gain battles�察�and sign a peace at Vienna��' but the execution that
is not so easy。 I never attached any value to the plans which the
Directory sent me。 Too many circumstances occur on the spot to modify
them。 The movement of a single corps of the enemy's army may confound a
whole plan arranged by the fireside。 Only fools can believe such stuff��
As for Berthier�察�since you have been with me�察�you see what he ishe is a
blockhead。 Yet it is he who does it all�察�it is he who gathers a great
part of the glory of the army of Italy。; I told him that this erroneous
opinion could not last long�察�that each person would be allowed his merit��
and that at least posterity would judge rightly。 This observation seemed
to please him。
Berthier was a man full of honour�察�courage�察�and probity�察�and exceedingly
regular in the performance of his duties。 Bonaparte's attachment to him
arose more from habit than liking。 Berthier did not concede with
affability�察�and refused with harshness。 His abrupt�察�egotistic�察�and
careless manners did not�察�however�察�create him many enemies�察�but�察�at the
same time�察�did not make him many friends。 In consequence of our frequent
intercourse he had contracted the friendly practice of speaking to me in
the second person singular�察�but he never wrote to me is that style。 He
was perfectly acquainted with the disposition of all the corps�察�and could
name their commanders and their respective forces。 Day or night he was
always at hand and made out with clearness all the secondary orders which
resulted from the dispositions of the General´in´Chief。 In fact�察�he was��
an excellent head of the staff of an army�察�but that is all the praise
that can be given�察�and indeed he wished for no greater。 He had such
entire confidence in Bonaparte�察�and looked up to him with so much
admiration�察�that he never would have presumed to oppose his plans or give
any advise。 Berthier's talent was very limited�察�and of a special nature��
his character was one of extreme weakness。 Bonaparte's friendship for
him and the frequency of his name in the bulletins and official
despatches have unduly elevated his reputation。 Bonaparte�察�giving his
opinion to the Directory respecting the generals employed in his army��
said�察 �Berthier has talents�察�activity�察�courage�察�characterall in his
favour。; This was in 1796。 He then made an eagle of him�察�at St。 Helena
he called him a goose。 He should neither have�察�raised him so high nor
sunk him so low。
Berthier neither merited the one nor the other。 Bonaparte was a man of
habit�察�he was much attached to all the people about him�察�and did not like
new faces。 Berthier loved him。 He carried out his orders well�察�and that
enabled him to pass off with his small portion of talent。
It was about this time that young Beauharnais came to Milan。 He was
seventeen years old。 He had lived in Paris with his mother since the
departure of Bonaparte。 On his arrival he immediately entered the
service as 'aide de camp' to the General´in´Chief�察�who felt for him an
affection which was justified by his good qualities。
Comte Delaunay d'Entraigues�察�well known in the French Revolution�察�held a
diplomatic post at Venice when that city was threatened by the French。
Aware of his being considered the agent of all the machinations then
existing against France�察�and especially against the army of Italy�察�he
endeavoured to escape�察�but the city being�察�surrounded�察�he was seized��
together with all his papers。 The apparently frank manners of the Count
pleased Bonaparte�察�who treated him with indulgence。 His papers were
restored�察�with the exception of three relating to political subjects。
He afterwards fled to Switzerland�察�and ungratefully represented himself
as having been oppressed by Bonaparte。 His false statements have induced
many writers to make of him an heroic victim。 He was assassinated by his
own servant in 1802。
I kept a copy of one of his most interesting papers。 It has been much
spoken of�察�and Fauche´Borel has�察�I believe�察�denied its authenticity and
the truth of its contents。 The manner in which it fell into the hands of
the General´in´Chief�察�the importance attached to it by d'Entraigues�察�the
differences I have observed between the manuscript I copied and versions
which I have since read�察�and the�察�knowledge of its�察�authenticity�察�having
myself transcribed it from the handwriting of the Count�察�who in my
presence vouched for the truth of the facts it detailsall these
circumstances induce me to insert it here�察�and compel me to doubt that it
was�察�as Fauche´Borel asserted�察�a fabrication。
This manuscript is entitled�察�'My Conversation with Comte de Montgaillard��
on the 4th of December 1796�察�from Six in the Afternoon till midnight�察�in
the presence of the Abbe Dumontel。'
��On my copy are written the words�察 �Extracts from this conversation�察�made
by me�察�from the original。; I omitted what I thought unimportant�察�and
transcribed only the most interesting passages。 Montgaillard spoke of
his escape�察�of his flight to England�察�of his return to France�察�of his
second departure�察�and finally of his arrival at Bale in August 1795。��
The Prince de Conde soon afterwards�察�he said�察�called me to Mulheim��
and knowing the connections I had had in France�察�proposed that I
should sound General Pichegru�察�whose headquarters were at Altkirch��
where he then was�察�surrounded by four representatives of the
Convention。
I immediately went to Neufchatel�察�taking with me four or five
hundred Louis。 I cast my eyes on Fauche´Borel�察�the King's printer
at Neufchatel�察�and also yours and mine�察�as the instrument by which
to make the first overture�察�and I selected as his colleague M。
Courant�察�a native of Neufchatel。 I persuaded them to undertake the
business�此�I supplied them with instructions and passports。 They
were foreigners�此�so I furnished them with all the necessary
documents to enable them to travel in France as foreign merchants
and purchasers of national property。 I went to Bale to wait for
news from them。
On the 13th of August Fauche and Courant set out for the
headquarters at Altkirch。 They remained there eight days without
finding an opportunity to speak to Pichegru�察�who was surrounded by
representatives and generals。 Pichegru observed them�察�and seeing
them continually wheresoever he went�察�he conjectured that they had
something to say to him�察�and he called out in a loud voice�察�while
passing them�察 �I am going to Huningen。; Fauche contrived to throw
himself in his way at the end of a corridor。 Pichegru observed him��
and fixed his eyes upon him�察�and although it rained in torrents�察�he
said aloud�察 �I am going to dine at the chateau of Madame ��Salomon。;
This chateau was three leagues from Huningen�察�and Madame Salomon was
Pichegru's mistress。
Fauche set off directly to the chateau�察�and begged to speak with
General Pichegru。 He told the general that�察�being in the possession
of some of J。 J。 Rousseau's manuscripts�察�he wished to publish them
and dedicate them to him。 ;Very good�察─�said Pichegru�察 �but I should
like to read them first�察�for Rousseau professed principles of
liberty in which I do not concur�察�and with which I should not like
to have my name connected。;;But�察─�said Fauche�察 �I have something
else to speak to you about。;;What is it�察�and on whose behalf�拭�
;On behalf of the Prince de Conde。;;Be silent�察�then�察�and follow
me。;
He conducted Fauche alone into a retired cabinet�察�and said to
him�察 �Explain yourself�察�what does Monseigneur le Prince de Conde
wish to communicate to me�拭─ �Fauche was embarrassed�察�and stammered
out something unintelligible。 ;Compose yourself。; said Pichegru��
;my sentiments are the same�察�as the Prince de Conde's。 What does he
desire of me�拭─ �Fauche�察�encouraged by these words�察�replied�察 �The
Prince wishes to join you。 He counts on you�察�and wishes to connect
himself with you。;
;These are vague and unmeaning words�察─�observed Pichegru。 ;All this
amounts to nothing。 Go back�察�and ask for written instructions�察�and
return in three days to my headquarters at Altkirch。 You will find
me alone precisely at six o'clock in the evening。;
Fauche immediately departed�察�arrived at Bale�察�and informed me of all
that had passed。 I spent the night in writing a letter to General
Pichegru。 ��The Prince de Conde�察�who was invested with all the
powers of Louis XVIII�察�except that of granting the 'cordon´bleu'��
had�察�by a note in his own handwriting��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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