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how to live on twenty-four hours a day-及7何蛍

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in an estate agent's office。  What�  �There was a block of traffic in Oxford 
Street�察�to avoid the block people actually began to travel under the cellars 
and drains�察�and the result was a rise of rents in Shepherd's Bush�  �And you 
say that isn't picturesque�  �Suppose you were to study�察�in this spirit�察�the 
property question in London for an hour and a half every other evening。  
Would it not give zest to your business�察�and transform your whole life��

You would arrive at more difficult problems。  And you would be able to 
tell us why�察�as the natural result of cause and effect�察�the longest straight 
street in London is about a yard and a half in length�察�while the longest 
absolutely straight street in Paris extends for miles。  I think you will 
admit that in an estate agent's clerk I have not chosen an example that 
specially favours my theories。

You are a bank clerk�察�and you have not read that breathless romance 
��disguised as a scientific study���察�Walter Bagehot's ;Lombard Street;�拭 �
Ah�察�my dear sir�察�if you had begun with that�察�and followed it up for ninety 
minutes every other evening�察�how enthralling your business would be to 
you�察�and how much more clearly you would understand human nature。

You are ;penned in town�察─�but you love excursions to the country and 
the observation of wild life´certainly a heart´enlarging diversion。  Why 
don't you walk out of your house door�察�in your slippers�察�to the nearest 
gas lamp of a night with a butterfly net�察�and observe the wild life of 
common and rare moths that is beating about it�察�and co´ordinate the 
knowledge thus obtained and build a superstructure on it�察�and at last 
get to know something about something��

You need not be devoted to the arts�察�not to literature�察�in order to live fully。

The whole field of daily habit and scene is waiting to satisfy that curiosity 
which means life�察�and the satisfaction of which means an understanding heart。

I promised to deal with your case�察�O man who hates art and literature�察�and 
I have dealt with it。  I now come to the case of the person�察�happily very 
common�察�who does ;like reading。;



                                                       XI

                                        SERIOUS READING


Novels are excluded from ;serious reading�察─�so that the man who�察�bent on 
self´improvement�察�has been deciding to devote ninety minutes three times 
a week to a complete study of the works of Charles Dickens will be well 
advised to alter his plans。  The reason is not that novels are not serious
some of the great literature of the world is in the form of prose fiction
the reason is that bad novels ought not to be read�察�and that good novels 
never demand any appreciable mental application on the part of the reader。  
It is only the bad parts of Meredith's novels that are difficult。  A good novel 
rushes you forward like a skiff down a stream�察�and you arrive at the end�察�
perhaps breathless�察�but unexhausted。  The best novels involve the least 
strain。  Now in the cultivation of the mind one of the most important factors 
is precisely the feeling of strain�察�of difficulty�察�of a task which one part of you 
is anxious to achieve and another part of you is anxious to shirk�察�and that f
eeling cannot be got in facing a novel。  You do not set your teeth in order to 
read ;Anna Karenina。;  Therefore�察�though you should read novels�察�you should 
not read them in those ninety minutes。

Imaginative poetry produces a far greater mental strain than novels。  It 
produces probably the severest strain of any form of literature。  It is the 
highest form of literature。  It yields the highest form of pleasure�察�and 
teaches the highest form of wisdom。  In a word�察�there is nothing to 
compare with it。  I say this with sad consciousness of the fact that the 
majority of people do not read poetry。

I am persuaded that many excellent persons�察�if they were confronted 
with the alternatives of reading ;Paradise Lost; and going round 
Trafalgar Square at noonday on their knees in sack´cloth�察�would 
choose the ordeal of public ridicule。  Still�察�I will never cease advising 
my friends and enemies to read poetry before anything。

If poetry is what is called ;a sealed book; to you�察�begin by reading 
Hazlitt's famous essay on the nature of ;poetry in general。;  It is the 
best thing of its kind in English�察�and no one who has read it can possibly 
be under the misapprehension that poetry is a mediaeval torture�察�or a 
mad elephant�察�or a gun that will go off by itself and kill at forty paces。  
Indeed�察�it is difficult to imagine the mental state of the man who�察�after 
reading Hazlitt's essay�察�is not urgently desirous of reading some poetry 
before his next meal。  If the essay so inspires you I would suggest that 
you make a commencement with purely narrative poetry。

There is an infinitely finer English novel�察�written by a woman�察�than 
anything by George Eliot or the Brontes�察�or even Jane Austen�察�which 
perhaps you have not read。  Its title is ;Aurora Leigh�察─�and its author 
E。B。 Browning。  It happens to be written in verse�察�and to contain a 
considerable amount of genuinely fine poetry。  Decide to read that 
book through�察�even if you die for it。  Forget that it is fine poetry。  
Read it simply for the story and the social ideas。  And when you 
have done�察�ask yourself honestly whether you still dislike poetry。  
I have known more than one person to whom ;Aurora Leigh; has 
been the means of proving that in assuming they hated poetry they 
were entirely mistaken。

Of course�察�if�察�after Hazlitt�察�and such an experiment made in the light 
of Hazlitt�察�you are finally assured that there is something in you which 
is antagonistic to poetry�察�you must be content with history or philosophy。  
I shall regret it�察�yet not inconsolably。  ;The Decline and Fall; is not to be 
named in the same day with ;Paradise Lost�察─�but it is a vastly pretty thing�察�
and Herbert Spencer's ;First Principles; simply laughs at the claims of 
poetry and refuses to be accepted as aught but the most majestic product 
of any human mind。  I do not suggest that either of these works is suitable 
for a tyro in mental strains。  But I see no reason why any man of average 
intelligence should not�察�after a year of continuous reading�察�be fit to assault 
the supreme masterpieces of history or philosophy。  The great convenience 
of masterpieces is that they are so astonishingly lucid。

I suggest no particular work as a start。  The attempt would be futile in the 
space of my command。  But I have two general suggestions of a certain 
importance。  The first is to define the direction and scope of your efforts。  
Choose a limited period�察�or a limited subject�察�or a single author。  Say to 
yourself�此  �I will know something about the French Revolution�察�or the 
rise of railways�察�or the works of John Keats。;  And during a given period�察�
to be settled beforehand�察�confine yourself to your choice。  There is much 
pleasure to be derived from being a specialist。

The second suggestion is to think as well as to read。  I know people who 
read and read�察�and for all the good it does them they might just as well 
cut bread´and´butter。  They take to reading as better men take to drink。  
They fly through the shires of literature on a motor´car�察�their sole object 
being motion。  They will tell you how many books they have read in a year。

Unless you give at least forty´five minutes to careful�察�fatiguing reflection 
��it is an awful bore at first�� upon what you are reading�察�your ninety minutes 
of a night are chiefly wasted。  This means that your pace will be slow。

Never mind。

Forget the goal�察�think only of the surrounding country�察�and after a period�察�
perhaps when you least expect it�察�you will suddenly find yourself in a lovely 
town on a hill。



                                                  XII

                                 DANGERS TO AVOID


I cannot terminate these hints�察�often�察�I fear�察�too didactic and abrupt�察�upon 
the full use of one's time to the great end of living ��as distinguished from 
vegetating�� without briefly referring to certain dangers which lie in wait 
for the sincere aspirant towards life。  The first is the terrible danger of 
becoming that most odious and least supportable of personsa prig。  
Now a prig is a pert fellow who gives himself airs of superior wisdom。  
A prig is a pompous fool who has gone out for a ceremonial walk�察�and 
without knowing it has lost an important part of his attire�察�namely�察�his 
sense of humour。  A prig is a tedious individual who�察�having made a 
discovery�察�is so impressed by his discovery that he is capable of being 
gravely displeased because the entire world is not also impressed by it。  
Unconsciously to become a prig is an easy and a fatal thing。

Hence�察�when one sets forth on the enterprise of using all one's time�察�it is 
just as well to remember that one's own time�察�and not other people's time�察�
is the material with which one has to deal�察�that the earth rolled on pretty 
comfortably before one began to balance a budget of the hours�察�and that it 
will continue to roll on pretty comfortably whether or not one succeeds in 
one's new role of chancellor of the exchequer of time。  It is as well not to 
chatter too much about what one is doing�察�and not to betray a too´pained 
sadness at the spectacle of a whole world deliberately wasting so many 
hours out of every day�察�and therefore never really living。  It will be found�察�
ultimately�察�that in taking care of one's self one has quite all one can do。

Another danger is the danger of being tied to a programme like a slave to 
a chariot。  One's programme must not be allowed to run away with one。  
It must be respected�察�but it must not be worshipped as a fetish。  A programme 
of daily employ is not a religion。

This seems obvious。  Yet I know men whose lives are a burden to themselves
 and a distressing burden to their relatives and friends simply because they 
have failed to appreciate the obvious。  ;Oh�察�no�察─�I have heard the martyred 
wife exclaim�察 �Arthur always takes the dog out for exercise at eight o'clock 
and he always begins to read at a quarter to nine。  So it's quite out of the 
quest
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