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memoirs of napoleon bonaparte, v7-及16何蛍

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dominion�察�and that no relations�察�on a footing of equality�察�between
himself and any other power�察�could be of long duration。  The other States
of Europe had only to choose one of two thingssubmission or war。  As to
secondary States�察�they might thenceforth be considered as fiefs of the
French Government�察�and as they could not resist�察�Bonaparte easily
accustomed them to bend to his yoke。  Can there be a stronger proof of
this arbitrary influence than what occurred at Carlsruhe�察�after the
violation of the territory of Baden�察�by the arrest of the Due d'Enghien��
Far from venturing to make any observation on that violation�察�so contrary
to the rights of nations�察�the Grand Duke of Baden was obliged to publish��
in his own State�察�a decree evidently dictated by Bonaparte。  The decree
stated�察�that many individuals formerly belonging to the army of Conde
having come to the neighbourhood of Carlsruhe�察�his Electoral Highness had
felt it his duty to direct that no individual coming from Conde's army��
nor indeed any French emigrant�察�should�察�unless he had permission
previously to the place�察�make a longer sojourn than was allowed to
foreign travellers。  Such was already the influence which Bonaparte
exercised over Germany�察�whose Princes�察�to use an expression which he
employed in a later decree�察�were crushed by the grand measures of the
Empire。

But to be just�察�without however justifying Bonaparte�察�I must acknowledge
that the intrigues which England fomented in all parts of the Continent
were calculated to excite his natural irritability to the utmost degree。
The agents of England were spread over the whole of Europe�察�and they
varied the rumours which they were commissioned to circulate�察�according
to the chances of credit which the different places afforded。  Their
reports were generally false�察�but credulity gave ear to them�察�and
speculators endeavoured�察�each according to his interest�察�to give them
support。  The headquarters of all this plotting was Munich�察�where Drake��
who was sent from England�察�had the supreme direction。  His
correspondence�察�which was seized by the French Government�察�was at first
placed amongst the documents to be produced on the trial of Georges��
Moreau�察�and the other prisoners�察�but in the course of the preliminary
proceedings the Grand Judge received directions to detach them�察�and make
them the subject of a special report to the First Consul�察�in order that
their publication beforehand might influence public opinion�察�and render
it unfavourable to those who were doomed to be sacrificed。  The
instructions given by Drake to his agents render it impossible to doubt
that England wished to overthrow the Government of Bonaparte。  Drake
wrote as follows to a man who was appointed to travel through France��

     The principal object of your journey being the overthrow of the
     existing Government�察�one of the means of effecting it is to acquire
     a knowledge of the enemy's plans。  For this purpose it is of the
     highest importance to begin�察�in the first place�察�by establishing
     communications with persons who may be depended upon in the
     different Government offices in order to obtain exact information of
     all plans with respect to foreign or internal affairs。  The
     knowledge of these plans will supply the best means of defeating
     them�察�and failure is the way to bring the Government into complete
     discreditthe first and most important step towards the end
     proposed。  Try to gain over trustworthy agents in the different
     Government departments。  Endeavour�察�also�察�to learn what passes in
     the secret committee�察�which is supposed to be established at St
     Cloud�察�and composed of the friends of the First Consul。  Be careful
     to furnish information of the various projects which Bonaparte may
     entertain relative to Turkey and Ireland。  Likewise send
     intelligence respecting the movements of troops�察�respecting vessels
     and ship´building�察�and all military preparations。

Drake�察�in his instructions�察�also recommended that the subversion of
Bonaparte's Government should�察�for the time�察�be the only object in view��
and that nothing should be said about the King's intentions until certain
information could be obtained respecting his views�察�but most of his
letters and instructions were anterior to 1804。  The whole bearing of the
seized documents proved what Bonaparte could not be ignorant of�察�namely��
that England was his constant enemy�察�but after �察�examining them�察�I was of
opinion that they contained nothing which could justify the belief that
the Government of Great Britain authorised any attempt at assassination。

When the First Consul received the report of the Grand Judge relative to
Drake's plots' against his Government he transmitted a copy of it to the
Senate�察�and it was in reply to this communication that the Senate made
those first overtures which Bonaparte thought vague�察�but which��
nevertheless�察�led to the formation of the Empire。  Notwithstanding this
important circumstance�察�I have not hitherto mentioned Drake�察�because his
intrigues for Bonaparte'soverthrow appeared to me to be more immediately
connected with the preliminaries of the trial of Georges and Moreau��
which I shall notice in my next chapter。

     ��These were not plots for assassination。  Bonaparte�察�in the same
     way�察�had his secret agents in every country of Europe�察�without
     excepting England。  Alison ��chap。  xxxvii。  par。  89�� says on this
     matter of Drake that�察�though the English agents were certainly
     attempting a counter´revolution�察�they had no idea of encouraging the
     assassination of Napoleon�察�while ;England was no match for the
     French police agents in a transaction of this description�察�for the
     publication of Regular revealed the mortifying fact that the whole
     correspondence both of Drake and Spencer Smith had been regularly
     transmitted�察�as fast as it took place�察�to the police of Paris�察�and
     that their principal corresponded in that city�察�M。 Mehu de la
     Tonche�察�was himself an agent of the police�察�employed to tempt the
     British envoys into this perilous enterprise。;��

At the same time that Bonaparte communicated to the Senate the report of
the Grand Judge�察�the Minister for Foreign Affairs addressed the following
circular letter to the members of the Diplomatic Body��

     The First Consul has commanded me to forward to your Excellency a
     copy of a report which has been presented to him�察�respecting a
     conspiracy formed in France by Mr。 Drake�察�his Britannic Majesty's
     Minister at the Court of Munich�察�which�察�by its object as well as its
     date�察�is evidently connected with the infamous plot now in the
     course of investigation。

     The printed copy of Mr。 Drake's letters and authentic documents is
     annexed to the report。  The originals will be immediately sent�察�by
     order of the First Consul�察�to the Elector of Bavaria。

     Such a prostitution of the most honourable function which can be
     intrusted to a man is unexampled in the history of civilised
     nations。  It will astonish and afflict Europe as an unheard of
     crime�察�which hitherto the most perverse Governments have not dared
     to meditate。  The First Consul is too well acquainted with
     sentiments of the Diplomatic Body accredited to him not to be fully
     convinced that every one of its members will behold�察�with profound
     regret�察�the profanation of the sacred character of Ambassador��
     basely transformed into a minister of plots�察�snares�察�and corruption。

All the ambassadors�察�ministers�察�plenipotentiaries�察�envoys�察�ordinary or
extraordinary�察�whatever might be their denomination�察�addressed answers to
the Minister for Foreign Affairs�察�in which they expressed horror and
indignation at the conduct of England and Drake's machinations。  These
answers were returned only five days after the Duc d'Enghien's death��
and here one cannot help admiring the adroitness of Bonaparte�察�who thus
compelled all the representatives of the European Governments to give
official testimonies of regard for his person and Government。




CHAPTER XXYI。

1804。

     Trial of Moreau�察�Georges�察�and othersPublic interest excited by
     MoreauArraignment of the prisonersMoreau's letter to Bonaparte
     Violence of the President of the Court towards the prisoners
     Lajolais and RollandExaminations intended to criminate Moreau
     Remarkable observationsSpeech written by M。 GaratBonaparte's
     opinion of Garat's eloquenceGeneral Lecourbe and Moreau's son
     Respect shown to Moreau by the militaryDifferent sentiments
     excited by Georges and MoreauThoriot and 'Tui´roi'Georges'
     answers to the interrogatoriesHe refuses an offer of pardon
     Coster St。 VictorNapoleon and an actressCaptain Wright
     M。 de Riviere and the medal of the Comte d'ArtoisGenerous struggle
     between MM。 de PolignacSentence on the prisonersBonaparte's
     remarkPardons and executions。

On the 28th of May�察�about ten days after Napoleon had been declared
Emperor�察�the trials of Moreau and others commenced。  No similar event
that has since occurred can convey an idea of the fermentation which then
prevailed in Paris。  The indignation excited by Moreau's arrest was
openly manifested�察�and braved the observation of the police。  Endeavours
had been successfully made to mislead public opinion with respect to
Georges and some others among the accused�察�who were looked upon as
assassins in the pay of England�察�at least by that numerous portion of the
public who lent implicit faith to declarations presented to them as
official。  But the case was different with regard to those individuals
who were particularly the objects of public interest�察 �viz。  MM。 de
Polignac�察�de Riviere�察�Charles d'Hozier�察�and�察�above all�察�Moreau。  The name
of Moreau towered above all the rest�察�and with respect to him the
Government found itself not a little perplexed。  It was necessary on the
one hand to surround him with a guard sufficiently imposing�察�to repress
the eagerness of the people and of his friends�察�and yet on the other hand
care was required that this guard should not be so strong as to admit o
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