嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

the soul of the indian(喩芦繁岻至)-及4何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



and     almost feminine refinement�察�among his family and friends。                    A soft�察�

low voice was considered an excellent thing in man�察�as well as in woman� �

Indeed�察�the enforced intimacy of tent life would soon become intolerable�察�

were   it   not   for   these   instinctive   reserves   and   delicacies�察  �this   unfailing 

respect for the established place and possessions of every other member of 

the family circle�察�this habitual quiet�察�order�察�and decorum。 

     Our   people�察  �though   capable   of   strong   and   durable   feeling�察  �were   not 

demonstrative in their affection at any time�察�least of all in the presence of 

guests or strangers。       Only to the aged�察�who have journeyed far�察�and are in 

a    manner     exempt     from    ordinary     rules�察  �are   permitted     some    playful 

familiarities with children and grandchildren�察�some plain speaking�察�even to 

harshness and objurgation�察�from which the others must rigidly refrain。                    In 

short�察�the old men and women are privileged to say what they please and 

how   they   please�察  �without   contradiction�察  �while   the   hardships   and   bodily 

infirmities that of necessity fall to their lot are softened so far as may be 

by universal consideration and attention。 

     There was no religious ceremony connected with marriage among us�察�



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                                THE SOUL OF THE INDIAN 



while     on   the  other   hand    the   relation   between     man    and   woman      was 

regarded as in itself mysterious and holy。             It appears that where marriage 

is solemnized by the church and blessed by the priest�察�it may at the same 

time be surrounded with customs and ideas of a frivolous�察�superficial�察�and 

even prurient character。         We believed that two who love should be united 

in   secret�察  �before   the   public   acknowledgment   of   their   union�察  �and   should 

taste their apotheosis alone with nature。           The betrothal might or might not 

be    discussed    and   approved      by  the   parents�察  �but   in  either   case   it  was 

customary   for   the   young   pair   to   disappear   into   the   wilderness�察  �there   to 

pass some days or weeks in perfect seclusion and dual solitude�察�afterward 

returning to the village as man and wife。               An exchange of presents and 

entertainments between the two families usually followed�察�but the nuptial 

blessing was given by the High Priest of God�察�the most reverend and holy 

Nature。 

     The     family    was    not   only   the   social   unit�察  �but   also   the   unit  of 

government。        The   clan   is   nothing   more   than   a   larger   family�察  �with   its 

patriarchal   chief   as   the   natural   head�察  �and   the   union   of   several   clans   by 

intermarriage   and   voluntary   connection   constitutes   the   tribe。        The   very 

name of our tribe�察�Dakota�察�means Allied People。                 The remoter degrees of 

kinship were fully recognized�察�and that not as a matter of form only�此�first 

cousins     were    known      as  brothers    and    sisters�察 �the   name     of  ;cousin; 

constituted     a   binding    claim�察  �and   our   rigid   morality    forbade    marriage 

between cousins in any known degree�察�or in other words within the clan。 

     The household proper consisted of a man with one or more wives and 

their children�察�all of whom dwelt amicably together�察�often under one roof�察�

although   some   men   of   rank   and   position   provided   a   separate   lodge   for 

each wife。       There were�察�indeed�察�few plural marriages except among the 

older     and   leading    men�察   �and    plural   wives    were    usually�察  �though     not 

necessarily�察�sisters。      A marriage might honorably be dissolved for cause�察�

but there was very little infidelity or immorality�察�either open or secret。 

     It has been said that the position of woman is the test of civilization�察�

and that of our women was secure。               In them was vested our standard of 

morals and the purity of our blood。              The wife did not take the name of 

her husband nor enter his clan�察�and the children belonged to the clan of the 



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                                THE SOUL OF THE INDIAN 



mother。      All of the family property was held by her�察�descent was traced in 

the maternal line�察�and the honor of the house was in her hands。                    Modesty 

was   her   chief   adornment�察  �hence the   younger   women   were   usually  silent 

and   retiring�此  �but   a   woman   who   had   attained   to   ripeness   of   years   and 

wisdom�察�or who had displayed notable courage in some emergency�察 �was 

sometimes invited to a seat in the council。 

     Thus   she   ruled   undisputed   within   her   own   domain�察  �and   was   to   us   a 

tower of moral and spiritual strength�察�until the coming of the border white 

man�察�the soldier and trader�察�who with strong drink overthrew the honor of 

the man�察�and through his power over a worthless husband purchased the 

virtue of his wife or his daughter。          When she fell�察�the whole race fell with 

her。 

     Before   this   calamity   came   upon   us�察  �you   could   not   find   anywhere   a 

happier home than that created by the Indian woman。                   There was nothing 

of the artificial about her person�察�and very little disingenuousness in her 

character。      Her    early   and    consistent    training�察  �the   definiteness     of  her 

vocation�察    �and�察  �above    all�察 �her  profoundly   religious      attitude   gave    her  a 

strength and poise that could not be overcome by any ordinary misfortune。 

     Indian names were either characteristic nicknames given in a playful 

spirit�察�deed names�察�birth names�察�or such as have a religious and symbolic 

meaning。       It   has   been   said   that   when   a   child   is   born�察  �some   accident   or 

unusual   appearance   determines   his   name。           This   is   sometimes   the   case�察�

but is not the rule。       A man of forcible character�察�with a fine war record�察�

usually   bears   the   name   of   the   buffalo   or   bear�察  �lightning   or   some   dread 

natural force。      Another of more peaceful nature may be called Swift Bird 

or   Blue   Sky。    A  woman's   name   usually   suggested   something   about   the 

home�察     �often   with    the   adjective    ;pretty;    or  ;good�察─    �and   a   feminine 

termination。      Names of any dignity or importance must be conferred by 

the old men�察�and especially so if they have any spiritual significance�察�as 

Sacred   Cloud�察  �Mysterious   Night�察  �Spirit   Woman�察  �and   the   like。          Such   a 

name was sometimes borne by three generations�察�but each individual must 

prove that he is worthy of it。 

     In the life of the Indian there was only one inevitable duty��the duty 

of   prayerthe   daily   recognition   of   the   Unseen   and   Eternal。       His   daily 



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                                  THE SOUL OF THE INDIAN 



devotions   were   more   necessary   to   him   than   daily   food。           He   wakes   at 

daybreak�察  �puts   on   his   moccasins   and   steps   down           to   the   water's   edge。 

Here he throws handfuls of clear�察�cold water into his face�察�or plunges in 

bodily。     After the bath�察�he stands erect before the advancing dawn�察�facing 

the   sun   as   it   dances   upon   the   horizon�察  �and   offers   his   unspoken   orison。 

His     mate    may     precede     or   follow    him    in   his   devotions�察    �but    never 

accompanies him。 Each soul must meet the morning sun�察�the new�察�sweet 

earth�察�and the Great Silence alone� �

     Whenever�察�in the course of the daily hunt�察�the red hunter comes upon a 

scene that is strikingly beautiful or sublimea black thundercloud with the 

rainbow's glowing arch above the mountain�察�a white waterfall in the heart 

of   a   green   gorge�察  �a   vast   prairie   tinged   with   the   blood´red   of   sunsethe 

pauses   for   an   instant   in   the   attitude   of   worship。    He   sees   no   need   for 

setting   apart   one   day   in   seven   as   a   holy   day�察  �since   to   him   all   days   are 

God's。 

     Every   act   of   his   life   is�察  �in   a   very   real   sense�察  �a   religious   act。 He 

recognizes   the   spirit   in   all   creation�察  �and   believes   that   he   draws   from   it 

spiritual   power。      His   respect   for   the   immortal   part   of   the   animal�察  �his 

brother�察�often leads him so far as to lay out the body of his game in state 

and decorate the head   with symbolic paint or   feathers。                   Then   he   stands 

before it in the prayer attitude�察�holding up the filled pipe�察�in token that he 

has    freed   with    honor    the   spirit  of   his  brother�察   �whose     body    his   need 

compelled him to take to sustain his own life。 

     When food is taken�察�the woman murmurs a ;grace; as she lowers the 

kettle�察�an act so softly and unobtrusively performed that one who does not 

know the custom usually fails to catch the whisper�此 �Spirit�察�partake� ─                      �As 

her    husband      receives     the   bowl     or   plate�察  �he   likewise     murmurs       his 

invocation to the spirit。         When he becomes an old man�察�he loves to make 

a notable effort to prove his gratitude。             He cuts off the choicest morsel of 

the meat and casts it into the firethe purest and most ethereal element。 

     The hospitality of the wigwam is only limited by the institution of war。 

Yet�察   �if  an  enemy      should    honor    us   with    a  call�察 �his   trust  will   not   be 

misplaced�察  �and he   will go   away  convinced   that   he   has   met   w
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��