嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

the soul of the indian(喩芦繁岻至)-及7何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



creation�察    �the  Indian    adopted     this  or   that  animal    as   his  ;totem�察─    �the 

emblematic device of his society�察�family�察�or clan。                It is probable that the 

creature chosen was the traditional ancestress�察�as we are told that the First 

Man had many wives among the animal people。                      The sacred beast�察�bird�察�

or reptile�察�represented by its stuffed skin�察�or by a rude painting�察�was treated 

with   reverence   and   carried   into   battle   to   insure   the   guardianship   of   the 

spirits。    The     symbolic     attribute   of   beaver�察  �bear�察  �or  tortoise�察  �such    as 

wisdom�察�cunning�察�courage�察�and the like�察�was supposed to be mysteriously 

conferred   upon   the   wearer   of   the   badge。      The   totem   or   charm   used   in 

medicine       was    ordinarily    that   of   the   medicine     lodge    to   which     the 

practitioner belonged�察�though there were some great men who boasted a 

special revelation。 

     There are two ceremonial usages which�察�so far as I have been able to 

ascertain�察    �were     universal    among      American      Indians�察    �and   apparently 

fundamental。        These have   already  been   referred   to   as the   ;eneepee�察─�or 

vapor´bath�察�and the ;chan´du´hu´pah´yu´za´pee�察─�or ceremonial of the pipe。 

In our Siouan legends and traditions these two are preeminent�察�as handed 

down from the most ancient time and persisting to the last。 



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     In our Creation myth or story of the First Man�察�the vapor´bath was the 

magic   used   by   The´one´who´was´First´Created�察  �to   give   life   to   the   dead 

bones of his younger brother�察�who had been slain by the monsters of the 

deep。     Upon the shore of the Great Water he dug two round holes�察�over 

one of which he built a low enclosure of fragrant cedar boughs�察�and here 

he gathered together the bones of his brother。               In the other pit he made a 

fire   and   heated   four   round   stones�察  �which   he   rolled   one   by   one   into   the 

lodge   of    boughs。     Having      closed   every   aperture     save   one�察  �he  sang    a 

mystic   chant   while   he   thrust   in   his   arm   and   sprinkled   water   upon   the 

stones with a bunch of sage。           Immediately steam arose�察�and as the legend 

says�察   �there   was   an   appearance   of   life。;     A   second   time   he   sprinkled 

water�察�and   the   dry  bones   rattled   together。      The third   time   he   seemed   to 

hear   soft   singing    from   within    the   lodge�察  �and   the   fourth   time   a  voice 

exclaimed�此   �Brother�察  �let   me   out� ─     。�It   should   be   noted   that   the   number 

four is the magic or sacred number of the Indian。�� 

     This story gives the traditional origin of the ;eneepee�察─�which has ever 

since been deemed essential to the Indian's effort to purify and recreate his 

spirit。   It is used both by the doctor and by his patient。              Every man must 

enter   the   cleansing   bath   and   take   the   cold   plunge   which   follows�察  �when 

preparing for any spiritual crisis�察�for possible death�察�or imminent danger。 

     Not only the ;eneepee; itself�察�but everything used in connection with 

the    mysterious      event�察  �the   aromatic     cedar    and   sage�察   �the   water�察  �and 

especially the water´worn boulders�察�are regarded as sacred�察�or at the least 

adapted to a spiritual use。        For the rock we have a special reverent name 

;Tunkan�察─�a contraction of the Sioux word for Grandfather。 

     The natural boulder enters into many of our solemn ceremonials�察�such 

as   the   ;Rain   Dance�察─  �and   the   ;Feast   of   Virgins。;   The   lone   hunter   and 

warrior     reverently     holds   up    his  filled   pipe   to  ;Tunkan�察─     �in  solitary 

commemoration of a miracle which to him is as authentic and holy as the 

raising of Lazarus to the devout Christian。 

     There is a legend that the First Man fell sick�察�and was taught by his 

Elder Brother the ceremonial use of the pipe�察�in a prayer to the spirits for 

ease and relief。      This simple ceremony is the commonest daily expression 

of thanks or ;grace�察─�as well as an oath of loyalty and good faith when the 



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warrior goes forth upon some perilous enterprise�察�and it enters even into 

his ;hambeday�察─�or solitary prayer�察�ascending as a rising vapor or incense 

to the Father of Spirits。 

     In all the war ceremonies and in medicine a special pipe is used�察�but at 

home or on the hunt the warrior employs his own。                   The pulverized weed 

is mixed with aromatic bark of the red willow�察�and pressed lightly into the 

bowl of the long stone pipe。           The worshiper lights it gravely and takes a 

whiff or two�察�then�察�standing erect�察�he holds it silently toward the Sun�察�our 

father�察�and toward the earth�察�our mother。             There are modern variations�察�as 

holding   the   pipe   to   the   Four   Winds�察  �the   Fire�察  �Water�察  �Rock�察  �and   other 

elements or objects of reverence。 

     There     are  many     religious   festivals   which    are   local  and   special    in 

character�察  �embodying   a   prayer   for   success   in   hunting   or   warfare�察  �or   for 

rain    and   bountiful    harvests�察  �but   these   two   are   the  sacraments      of  our 

religion。     For   baptism   we   substitute   the   ;eneepee�察─  �the   purification   by 

vapor�察�and in our holy communion we partake of the soothing incense of 

tobacco in the stead of bread and wine。 



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              IV BARBARISM AND THE 

                          MORAL CODE 



     Silence    the   Corner´Stone      of  Character。     Basic    Ideas    of  Morality。 

;Give     All   or  Nothing� ─     �Rules     of   Honorable     Warfare。      An    Indian 

Conception of Courage。 

     Long before I ever heard of Christ�察�or saw a white man�察�I had learned 

from an untutored woman the essence of morality。                 With the help of dear 

Nature herself�察�she taught me things simple but of mighty import。                 I knew 

God。     I   perceived   what   goodness   is。     I   saw   and   loved   what   is   really 

beautiful。     Civilization has not taught me anything better� �

     As a child�察�I understood how to give�察�I have forgotten that grace since 

I   became     civilized。   I   lived  the   natural   life�察 �whereas    I  now   live  the 

artificial。   Any pretty pebble was valuable to me then�察�every growing tree 

an   object   of   reverence。    Now   I   worship   with   the   white   man   before   a 

painted landscape whose value is estimated in dollars�               �Thus the Indian is 

reconstructed�察�as   the  natural   rocks   are ground  to   powder�察 �and   made   into 

artificial blocks which may be built into the walls of modern society。 

     The    first  American      mingled     with   his   pride   a  singular    humility。 

Spiritual   arrogance   was   foreign   to   his   nature   and   teaching。    He   never 

claimed that the power of articulate speech was proof of superiority over 

the   dumb   creation�察  �on   the   other   hand�察  �it   is   to   him   a   perilous   gift。 He 

believes profoundly in silencethe sign of a perfect equilibrium。                Silence 

is the absolute poise or balance of body�察�mind�察�and spirit。               The man who 

preserves his selfhood ever calm and unshaken by the storms of existence´ 

´not a leaf�察�as it were�察�astir on the tree�察�not a ripple upon the surface of 

shining poolhis�察�in the mind of the unlettered sage�察�is the ideal attitude 

and conduct of life。 

     If   you   ask   him�此   �What   is   silence�拭─  �he   will   answer�此   �It   is   the   Great 

Mystery� ─      �The holy silence is His voice� ─           �If you ask�此 �What are the 

fruits   of   silence�拭─  �he   will   say�此   �They   are   self´control�察  �true   courage   or 

endurance�察�patience�察�dignity�察�and reverence。            Silence is the cornerstone of 

character。; 



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     ;Guard your tongue in youth�察─�said the old chief�察�Wabashaw�察 �and in 

age you may mature a thought that will be of service to your people� ─�

     The     moment       that   man     conceived      of   a   perfect    body�察   �supple�察�

symmetrical�察      �graceful�察   �and   enduringin     that  moment      he   had   laid  the 

foundation of a moral life�          �No man can hope to maintain such a temple 

of the spirit beyond the period of adolescence�察�unless he is able to curb his 

indulgence in the pleasures of the senses。            Upon this truth the Indian built 

a rigid system of physical training�察�a social and moral code that was the 

law of his life。 

     There was aroused in him as a child a high ideal of manly strength and 

beauty�察  �the   attainment   of   which   must   depend   upon   strict   temperance   in 

eating    and   in   the  sexual    relation�察 �together    with   severe    and   persistent 

exercise。     He desired to be a worthy link in the generations�察�and that he 

might not destroy by his weakness that vigor and purity of blood which 

had    been    achieved    at  the  cost   of  much     self´denial   by   a  long   line  of 

ancestors。 

     He   was   required   to   fast   from   time   to   time   for   short   periods�察  �and   to 

work off his superfluous energy by means of hard running�察�swimming�察�and 

the    vapor´bath。      The     bodily    fatigue    thus   induced�察    �especially    when 

卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��