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flatland(献棲蒙声)-及23何蛍
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Flatland
or half´seditious utterances�察�even among the highest Polygonal or Circular
society。 When�察 �for example�察 �the question arose about the treatment of
those lunatics who said that they had received the power of seeing the
insides of things�察 �I would quote the saying of an ancient Circle�察 �who
declared that prophets and inspired people are always considered by the
majority to be mad�察 �and I could not help occasionally dropping such
expressions as ;the eye that discerns the interiors of things�察─�and ;the all´
seeing land;�察�once or twice I even let fall the forbidden terms ;the Third
and Fourth Dimensions。; At last�察 �to complete a series of minor
indiscretions�察 �at a meeting of our Local Speculative Society held at the
palace of the Prefect himself�察�some extremely silly person having read an
elaborate paper exhibiting the precise reasons why Providence has limited
the number of Dimensions to Two�察�and why the attribute of omnividence
is assigned to the Supreme aloneI so far forgot myself as to give an exact
account of the whole of my voyage with the Sphere into Space�察�and to the
Assembly Hall in our Metropolis�察 �and then to Space again�察 �and of my
return home�察�and of everything that I had seen and heard in fact or vision。
At first�察 �indeed�察 �I pretended that I was describing the imaginary
experiences of a fictitious person�察�but my enthusiasm soon forced me to
throw off all disguise�察 �and finally�察 �in a fervent peroration�察�I exhorted all
my hearers to divest themselves of prejudice and to become believers in
the Third Dimension。
Need I say that I was at once arrested and taken before the Council�拭�
Next morning�察�standing in the very place where but a very few months
ago the Sphere had stood in my company�察�I was allowed to begin and to
continue my narration unquestioned and uninterrupted。 But from the first I
foresaw my fate�察�for the President�察�noting that a guard of the better sort of
Policemen was in attendance�察�of angularity little�察�if at all�察�under 55 degrees�察�
ordered them to be relieved before I began my defence�察 �by an inferior
class of 2 or 3 degrees。 I knew only too well what that meant。 I was to be
executed or imprisoned�察�and my story was to be kept secret from the world
by the simultaneous destruction of the officials who had heard it�察�and�察�this
being the case�察�the President desired to substitute the cheaper for the more
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expensive victims。
After I had concluded my defence�察 �the President�察 �perhapsperceiving
that some of the junior Circles had been moved by evident earnestness�察�
asked me two questions�此�
1。 Whether I could indicate the direction which I meant when I used
the words ;Upward�察�not Northward;�拭�
2。 Whether I could by any diagrams or descriptions ��other than the
enumeration of imaginary sides and angles�� indicate the Figure I was
pleased to call a Cube�拭�
I declared that I could say nothing more�察 �and that I must commit
myself to the Truth�察�whose cause would surely prevail in the end。
The President replied that he quite concurred in my sentiment�察�and that
I could not do better。 I must be sentenced to perpetual imprisonment�察�but if
the Truth intended that I should emerge from prison and evangelize the
world�察�the Truth might be trusted to bring that result to pass。 Meanwhile I
should be subjected to no discomfort that was not necessary to preclude
escape�察 �and�察 �unless I forfeited the privilege by misconduct�察 �I should be
occasionally permitted to see my brother who had preceded me to my
prison。
Seven years have elapsed and I am still a prisoner�察�andif I except the
occasional visits of my brotherdebarred from all companionship save
that of my jailers。 My brother is one of the best of Squares�察�just sensible�察�
cheerful�察�and not without fraternal affection�察�yet I confess that my weekly
interviews�察 �at least in one respect�察 �cause me the bitterest pain。 He was
present when the Sphere manifested himself in the Council Chamber�察�he
saw the Sphere's changingSECTIONs�察 �he heard the explanation of the
phenomena then give to the Circles。 Since that time�察�scarcely a week has
passed during seven whole years�察�without his hearing from me a repetition
of the part I played in that manifestation�察�together with ample descriptions
of all the phenomena in Spaceland�察�and the arguments for the existence of
Solid things derivable from Analogy。 YetI take shame to be forced to
confess it my brother has not yet grasped the nature of Three Dimensions�察�
and frankly avows his disbelief in the existence of a Sphere。
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Flatland
Hence I am absolutely destitute of converts�察�and�察�for aught that I can
see�察 �the millennial Revelation has been made to me for nothing。
Prometheus up in Spaceland was bound for bringing down fire for mortals�察�
but Ipoor Flatland Prometheuslie here in prison for bringing down
nothing to my countrymen。 Yet I existing the hope that these memoirs�察�in
some manner�察 �I know not how�察 �may find their way to the minds of
humanity in Some Dimension�察�and may stir up a race of rebels who shall
refuse to be confined to limited Dimensionality。
That is the hope of my brighter moments。 Alas�察 �it is not always so。
Heavily weights on me at times the burdensome reflection that I cannot
honestly say I am confident as to the exact shape of the once´seen�察 �oft´
regretted Cube�察 �and in my nightly visions the mysterious precept�察�
;Upward�察�not Northward�察─�haunts me like a soul´devouring Sphinx。 It is
part of the martyrdom which I endure for the cause of Truth that there are
seasons of mental weakness�察�when Cubes and Spheres flit away into the
background of scarce´possible existences�察 �when the Land of Three
Dimensions seems almost as visionary as the Land of One or None�察�nay�察�
when even this hard wall that bars me from my freedom�察�these very tablets
on which I am writing�察�and all the substantial realities of Flatland itself�察�
appear no better than the offspring of a diseased imagination�察 �or the
baseless fabric of a dream。
***
PREFACE TO THE SECOND AND REVISED EDITION�察�1884。 BY
THE EDITOR
If my poor Flatland friend retained the vigour of mind which he
enjoyed when he began to compose these Memoirs�察�I should not now need
to represent him in this preface�察 �in which he desires�察 �fully�察 �to return his
thanks to his readers and critics in Spaceland�察 �whose appreciation has�察�
with unexpected celerity�察�required a second edition of this work�察�secondly�察�
to apologize for certain errors and misprints ��for which�察�however�察�he is not
entirely responsible���察 �and�察 �thirdly�察 �to explain on or two misconceptions。
But he is not the Square he once was。 Years of imprisonment�察�and the still
heavier burden of general incredulity and mockery�察 �have combined with
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the thoughts and notions�察 �and much also of the terminology�察 �which he
acquired during his short stay in spaceland。 He has�察�therefore�察 �requested
me to reply in his behalf to two special objections�察�one of an intellectual�察�
the other of a moral nature。
The first objection is�察�that a Flatlander�察�seeing a Line�察�sees something
that must be THICK to the eye as well as LONG to the eye ��otherwise it
would not be visible�察�if it had not some thickness���察�and consequently he
ought ��it is argued�� to acknowledge that his countrymen are not only long
and broad�察�but also ��though doubtless to a very slight degree�� THICK or
HIGH。 This objection is plausible�察�and�察�to Spacelanders�察�almost irresistible�察�
so that�察�I confess�察�when I first heard it�察�I knew not what to reply。 But my
poor old friend's answer appears to me completely to meet it。
;I admit�察─�said hewhen I mentioned to him this objection ;I admit
the truth of your critic's facts�察�but I deny his conclusions。 It is true that we
have really in Flatland a Third unrecognized Dimension called `height��'
just as it also is true that you have really in Spaceland a Fourth
unrecognized Dimension�察�called by no name at present�察�but which I will
call `extra´height。' But we can no more take cognizance of our `height'
than you can of your `extra´height。' Even Iwho have been in Spaceland�察�
and have had the privilege of understanding for twenty´four hours the
meaning of `height'even I cannot now comprehend it�察�nor realize it by
the sense of sight or by any process of reason�察�I can but apprehend it by
faith。
;The reason is obvious。 Dimension implied direction�察 �implies
measurement�察 �implies the more and the less。 Now�察 �all our lines are
EQUALLY and INFINITESIMALLY thick ��or
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