嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
the tao teh king(祇蟻将)-及4何蛍
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
the sweet dew�察 �which�察 �without the directions of men�察 �reaches equally
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THE TAO TEH KING�察�OR THE TAO AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
everywhere as of its own accord。
4。 As soon as it proceeds to action�察�it has a name。 When it once has
that name�察。�men�� can know to rest in it。 When they know to rest in it�察�
they can be free from all risk of failure and error。
5。 The relation of the Tao to all the world is like that of the great rivers
and seas to the streams from the valleys。
33。 1。 He who knows other men is discerning�察�he who knows himself
is intelligent。 He who overcomes others is strong�察 �he who overcomes
himself is mighty。 He who is satisfied with his lot is rich�察�he who goes
on acting with energy has a ��firm�� will。
2。 He who does not fail in the requirements of his position�察�continues
long�察�he who dies and yet does not perish�察�has longevity。
34。 1。 All´pervading is the Great Tao� �It may be found on the left
hand and on the right。
2。 All things depend on it for their production�察�which it gives to them�察�
not one refusing obedience to it。 When its work is accomplished�察�it does
not claim the name of having done it。 It clothes all things as with a
garment�察�and makes no assumption of being their lord��it may be named
in the smallest things。 All things return ��to their root and disappear���察�and
do not know that it is it which presides over their doing so��it may be
named in the greatest things。
3。 Hence the sage is able ��in the same way�� to accomplish his great
achievements。 It is through his not making himself great that he can
accomplish them。
35。 1。 To him who holds in his hands the Great Image ��of the
invisible Tao���察�the whole world repairs。 Men resort to him�察�and receive
no hurt�察�but ��find�� rest�察�peace�察�and the feeling of ease。
2。 Music and dainties will make the passing guest stop ��for a time��。
But though the Tao as it comes from the mouth�察�seems insipid and has no
flavour�察�though it seems not worth being looked at or listened to�察�the use
of it is inexhaustible。
36。 1。 When one is about to take an inspiration�察�he is sure to make a
��previous�� expiration�察 �when he is going to weaken another�察 �he will first
strengthen him�察�when he is going to overthrow another�察�he will first have
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raised him up�察�when he is going to despoil another�察�he will first have made
gifts to him��this is called 'Hiding the light ��of his procedure��。'
2。 The soft overcomes the hard�察�and the weak the strong。
3。 Fishes should not be taken from the deep�察�instruments for the profit
of a state should not be shown to the people。
37。 1。 The Tao in its regular course does nothing ��for the sake of
doing it���察�and so there is nothing which it does not do。
2。 If princes and kings were able to maintain it�察 �all things would of
themselves be transformed by them。
3。 If this transformation became to me an object of desire�察 �I would
express the desire by the nameless simplicity。
Simplicity without a name Is free from all external aim。
With no desire�察�at rest and still�察 �All things go right as of their will。
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PART II。
38。 1。 ��Those who�� possessed in highest degree the attributes ��of the
Tao�� did not ��seek�� to show them�察�and therefore they possessed them ��in
fullest measure��。 ��Those who�� possessed in a lower degree those
attributes ��sought how�� not to lose them�察 �and therefore they did not
possess them ��in fullest measure��。
2。 ��Those who�� possessed in the highest degree those attributes did
nothing ��with a purpose���察�and had no need to do anything。 ��Those who��
possessed them in a lower degree were ��always�� doing�察�and had need to be
so doing。
3。 ��Those who�� possessed the highest benevolence were ��always
seeking�� to carry it out�察 �and had no need to be doing so。 ��Those who��
possessed the highest righteousness were ��always seeking�� to carry it out�察�
and had need to be so doing。
4。 ��Those who�� possessed the highest ��sense of�� propriety were
��always seeking�� to show it�察 �and when men did not respond to it�察 �they
bared the arm and marched up to them。
5。 Thus it was that when the Tao was lost�察�its attributes appeared�察�when
its attributes were lost�察�benevolence appeared�察�when benevolence was lost�察�
righteousness appeared�察�and when righteousness was lost�察�the proprieties
appeared。
6。 Now propriety is the attenuated form of leal´heartedness and good
faith�察 �and is also the commencement of disorder�察 �swift apprehension is
��only�� a flower of the Tao�察�and is the beginning of stupidity。
7。 Thus it is that the Great man abides by what is solid�察�and eschews
what is flimsy�察�dwells with the fruit and not with the flower。 It is thus
that he puts away the one and makes choice of the other。
39。 1。 The things which from of old have got the One ��the Tao�� are
Heaven which by it is bright and pure�察 �Earth rendered thereby
firm and sure�察 �Spirits with powers by it supplied�察 �Valleys kept full
throughout their void All creatures which through it do live
Princes and kings who from it get The model which to all they give。
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All these are the results of the One ��Tao��。
2。 If heaven were not thus pure�察�it soon would rend�察 �If earth were
not thus sure�察 �'twould break and bend�察 �Without these powers�察 �the
spirits soon would fail�察 �If not so filled�察�the drought would parch each
vale�察 �Without that life�察 �creatures would pass away�察 �Princes and
kings�察 �without that moral sway�察 �However grand and high�察 �would all
decay。
3。 Thus it is that dignity finds its ��firm�� root in its ��previous�� meanness�察�
and what is lofty finds its stability in the lowness ��from which it rises��。
Hence princes and kings call themselves 'Orphans��' 'Men of small virtue��'
and as 'Carriages without a nave。' Is not this an acknowledgment that in
their considering themselves mean they see the foundation of their dignity�拭�
So it is that in the enumeration of the different parts of a carriage we do
not come on what makes it answer the ends of a carriage。 They do not
wish to show themselves elegant´looking as jade�察�but ��prefer�� to be coarse´
looking as an ��ordinary�� stone。
40。 1。 The movement of the Tao By contraries proceeds�察�
And weakness marks the course Of Tao's mighty deeds。
2。 All things under heaven sprang from It as existing ��and named���察�that
existence sprang from It as non´existent ��and not named��。
41。 1。 Scholars of the highest class�察 �when they hear about the Tao�察�
earnestly carry it into practice。 Scholars of the middle class�察�when they
have heard about it�察�seem now to keep it and now to lose it。 Scholars of the
lowest class�察�when they have heard about it�察�laugh greatly at it。 If it were
not ��thus�� laughed at�察�it would not be fit to be the Tao。
2。 Therefore the sentence´makers have thus expressed themselves�此�
'The Tao�察 �when brightest seen�察 �seems light to lack�察 �Who
progress in it makes�察 �seems drawing back�察 �Its even way is like a
rugged track。 Its highest virtue from the vale doth rise�察 �Its greatest
beauty seems to offend the eyes�察 �And he has most whose lot the least
supplies。 Its firmest virtue seems but poor and low�察 �Its solid truth
seems change to undergo�察 �Its largest square doth yet no corner show
A vessel great�察 �it is the slowest made�察 �Loud is its sound�察 �but never
word it said�察 �A semblance great�察�the shadow of a shade。'
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3。 The Tao is hidden�察�and has no name�察�but it is the Tao which is skilful
at imparting ��to all things what they need�� and making them complete。
42。 1。 The Tao produced One�察 �One produced Two�察 �Two produced
Three�察 �Three produced All things。 All things leave behind them the
Obscurity ��out of which they have come���察�and go forward to embrace the
Brightness ��into which they have emerged���察�while they are harmonised by
the Breath of Vacancy。
2。 What men dislike is to be orphans�察 �to have little virtue�察 �to be as
carriages without naves�察 �and yet these are the designations which kings
and princes use for
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