嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

theologico-political treatise p2(舞僥嚥屓嵶廨籾冩梢2)-及17何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



to one's heart's content。 

     ��55��   If   anyone   thinks   that   I   am   speaking   too   generally�察  �and   without 

sufficient   warrant�察  �I   would   ask   him   to   set   himself   to   showing   us   some 

fixed plan   in   these histories   which   might   be   followed   without   blame   by 

other     writers    of   chronicles�察    �and    in  his   efforts    at  harmonizing        and 

interpretation�察      �so   strictly   to   observe      and    explain    the    phrases     and 

expressions�察�the order and the connections�察�that we may be able to imitate 

these also in our writings�察。�Endnote 17�А� ��56�� If he succeeds�察�I will at once 

give him my hand�察�and he shall be to me as great Apollo�察�for I confess that 

after long endeavours I have been unable to discover anything of the kind。 

��57��    I  may    add   that   I  set  down    nothing     here   which     I  have   not   long 

reflected upon�察�and that�察�though I was imbued from my boyhood up with 

the ordinary opinions about the Scriptures�察�I have been unable to withstand 

the force of what I have urged。 

     ��58�� However�察�there is no need to detain the reader with this question�察�

and drive him to attempt an impossible task�察�I merely mentioned the fact 

in order to throw light on my intention。 

     ��59�� I now pass on to other points concerning the treatment of these 

books。 ��60�� For we must remark�察�in addition to what has been shown�察�that 

these books   were not   guarded by  posterity  with such   care   that   no   faults 

crept in。 ��61�� The ancient scribes draw attention to many doubtful readings�察�

and     some    mutilated     passages�察    �but   not   to   all  that  exist�此  �whether     the 

commentaries         of  those    who    endeavour       to  harmonize      them。    ��62��   The 

Rabbis   evidently   let   their   fancy   run   wild。   ��63��   Such   commentators   as   I 

have�察�read�察�dream�察�invent�察�and as a last resort�察�play fast and loose with the 

language。 ��64�� For instance�察�when it is said in 2 Chronicles�察�that Ahab was 

forty´two years old when he began to reign�察�they pretend that these years 

are computed from the reign of Omri�察�not from the birth of Ahab。 ��65�� If 

this   can   be   shown   to   be   the   real   meaning   of   the   writer   of   the   book   of 

Chronicles�察�all I can say is�察�that he did not know how to state a fact。 ��66�� 

The commentators make many other assertions of this kind�察�which if true�察�



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would   prove   that   the   ancient   Hebrews   were   ignorant   both   of   their   own 

language�察�and of the way to relate a plain narrative。 ��67�� I should in such 

case recognize no rule or reason in interpreting Scripture�察�but it would be 

permissible to hypothesize to one's heart's content。 

     ��68��   If   anyone   thinks   that   I   am   speaking   too   generally�察  �and   without 

sufficient   warrant�察  �I   would   ask   him   to   set   himself   to   showing   us   some 

fixed plan   in   these histories   which   might   be   followed   without   blame   by 

other     writers    of   chronicles�察    �and    in  his   efforts    at  harmonizing        and 

interpretation�察      �so   strictly   to   observe      and    explain    the    phrases     and 

expressions�察�the order and the connections�察�that we may be able to imitate 

these also in our writings ��17��。 ��69�� If he succeeds�察�I will at once give him 

my hand�察 �and he shall be   to me   as   great Apollo�察  �for  I confess   that   after 

long endeavours I have been unable to discover anything of the kind。 ��70�� 

I   may  add   that   I   set down   nothing here   which   I   have   not long   reflected 

upon�察    �and   that�察 �though     I  was   imbued      from   my    boyhood      up   with   the 

ordinary opinions about the Scriptures�察�I have been unable to withstand the 

force of what I have urged。 

     ��71�� However�察�there is no need to detain the reader with this question�察�

and drive him to attempt an impossible task�察�I merely mentioned the fact 

in order to throw light on my intention。 

     ��72�� I now pass on to other points concerning the treatment of these 

books。 ��73�� For we must remark�察�in addition to what has been shown�察�that 

these books   were not   guarded by  posterity  with such   care   that   no   faults 

crept in。 ��74�� The ancient scribes draw attention to many doubtful readings�察�

and some mutilated passages�察�but not to all that exist�此�whether the faults 

are of sufficient importance to greatly�察�embarrass the reader I will not now 

discuss。 ��75�� I am inclined to think that they are of minor moment to those�察�

at   any    rate�察 �who     read   the   Scriptures     with   enlightenment�此       �and   I  can 

positively�察 �affirm   that   I  have   not   noticed   any  fault   or   various   reading   in 

doctrinal passages sufficient to render them obscure or doubtful。 

     ��76�� There are some people�察�however�察�who will not admit that there is 

any corruption�察�even in other passages�察�but maintain that by some unique 

exercise of providence God has preserved from corruption every word in 

the    Bible�此   �they    say   that   the    various    readings     are    the   symbols      of 



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profoundest mysteries�察�and that mighty secrets lie hid in the twenty´eight 

hiatus which occur�察�nay�察�even in the very form of the letters。 

     ��77�� Whether they are actuated by folly and anile devotion�察�or whether 

by   arrogance   and   malice   so   that   they   alone   may   be   held   to   possess   the 

secrets   of   God�察  �I   know   not�此  �this   much   I   do   know�察  �that   I   find   in   their 

writings   nothing   which   has   the   air   of   a   Divine   secret�察  �but   only   childish 

lucubrations。      ��78��   I  have    read   and   known      certain   Kabbalistic     triflers�察�

whose insanity provokes my unceasing as astonishment。 ��79�� That faults 

have crept in will�察�I think�察�be denied by no sensible person who reads the 

passage   about   Saul�察  �above   quoted   ��1   Sam。   xiii��1��   and   also   2   Sam。   vi��2�此�

;And David arose and went with all the people that were with him from 

Judah�察�to bring up from thence the ark of God。; 

     ��80�� No one can fail to remark that the name of their destination�察�viz。�察�

Kirjath´jearim  ��Endnotee   18�В察 �has   been   omitted�此  �nor   can   we   deny  that   2 

Sam。 xiii��37�察�has been tampered with and mutilated。 ;And Absalom fled�察�

and   went   to   Talmai�察  �the   son   of Ammihud�察  �king   of   Geshur。   ��81�� And   he 

mourned for his son every day。 So Absalom fled�察�and went to Geshur�察�and 

was there three years。; ��82�� I know that I have remarked other passages of 

the same kind�察�but I cannot recall them at the moment。 

     ��83��    That    the  marginal     notes    which     are  found     continually     in  the 

Hebrew Codices are doubtful readings will�察�I think�察�be evident to everyone 

who has noticed that they often arise from the great similarity�察�of some of 

the Hebrew letters�察�such for instance�察�as the similarity between Kaph and 

Beth�察�Jod and Van�察�Daleth and Reth�察�&c。 ��84�� For example�察�the text in 2 

Sam。 v��24�察�runs ;in the time when thou hearest�察─�and similarly in Judges 

xxi��22�察 �And it shall be when their fathers or their brothers come unto us 

often�察─�the marginal version is ;come unto us to complain。; 

     ��85��   So   also   many   various   readings   have   arisen   from   the   use   of   the 

letters   named   mutes�察  �which   are   generally   not   sounded   in   pronunciation�察�

and are taken promiscuously�察�one for the other。 ��86�� For example�察�in Levit。 

xxv��29�察�it is written�察 �The house shall be established which is not in the 

walled city�察─�but the margin has it�察 �which is in a walled city。; 

     ��87�� Though these matters are self´evident�察。�Endnore 6�В察�it is necessary�察�

to answer the reasonings of certain Pharisees�察�by which they endeavour to 



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convince us that   the marginal notes serve to indicate   some   mystery�察 �and 

were   added   or   pointed   out   by  the   writers   of   the   sacred   books。   ��88��   The 

first of these reasons�察�which�察�in my�察�opinion�察�carries little weight�察�is taken 

from the practice of reading the Scriptures aloud。 

     ��89�� If�察�it is urged�察�these notes were added to show various readings 

which could not be decided upon by posterity�察�why has custom prevailed 

that the  marginal   readings should   always   be   retained�拭。�90�� Why  has   the 

meaning which is preferred been set down in the margin when it ought to 

have been incorporated in the text�察�and not relegated to a side note�拭�

     ��91�� The second reason is more specious�察�and is taken from the nature 

of   the   case。   ��92��   It  is  admitted   that    faults   have   crept    into   the   sacred 

writings by chance and not by design�察�but they say that in the five books 

the word for a girl is�察�with one exception�察�written without the letter ;he�察─�

contrary   to   all   grammatical   rules�察  �whereas          in   the   margin   it   is  written 

correctly according to the universal rule of grammar。 ��93�� Can this have 

happened   by   mistake�拭  �Is   it   possible   to   imagine   a   clerical   error   to   have 

been   committed   every�察  �time   the   word   occurs�拭  。�94��   Moreover�察  �it   would 

have     been    easy�察   �to  supply     the   emendation。       ��95��   Hence�察    �when     these 

readings      are   not   accidental     or  corrections      of  manifest     mistakes�察    �it  is 

supposed that   they  must   have been set down on purpose  by the original 

writers�察  �and   have   a   mea
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��0�� 家��0��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��