嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
an account of egypt(娃式芝)-及5何蛍
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
vessel to pass。 Then after having passed through this country in the forty
days which I have said�察�you will embark again in another vessel and sail
for twelve days�察�and after this you will come to a great city called Meroe。
This city is said to be the mother´city of all the other Ethiopians�此�and they
who dwell in it reverence of the gods Zeus and Dionysos alone�察�and these
they greatly honour�察 �and they have an Oracle of Zeus established�察 �and
make warlike marches whensoever the god commands them by
prophesyings and to whatsoever place he commands。 Sailing from this city
you will come to the ;Deserters; in another period of time equal to that in
which you came from Elephantine to the mother´city of the Ethiopians。
Now the name of these ;Deserters; is /Asmach/�察�and this word signifies�察�
when translated into the tongue of the Hellenes�察 �those who stand on the
left hand of the king。; These were two hundred and forty thousand
Egyptians of the warrior class�察 �who revolted and went over to these
Ethiopians for the following cause��In the reign of Psammetichos
garrisons were set�察�one towards the Ethiopians at the city of Elephantine�察�
another towards the Arabians and Assyrians at Daphnai of Pelusion�察�and
another towards Libya at Marea�此�and even in my own time the garrisons of
the Persians too are ordered in the same manner as these were in the reign
of Psammetichos�察 �for both at Elephantine and at Daphnai the Persians
have outposts。 The Egyptians then of whom I speak had served as outposts
for three years and no one relieved them from their guard�察 �accordingly
they took counsel together�察�and adopting a common plan they all in a body
revolted from Psammetichos and set out for Ethiopia。 Hearing this
Psammetichos set forth in pursuit�察 �and when he came up with them he
entreated them much and endeavoured to persuade them not to desert the
16
´ Page 17´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
gods of their country and their children and wives�此�upon which it is said
that one of them pointed to his privy member and said that wherever this
was�察�there would they have both children and wives。 When these came to
Ethiopia they gave themselves over to the king of the Ethiopians�察�and he
rewarded them as follows��there were certain of the Ethiopians who had
come to be at variance with him�察 �and he bade them drive these out and
dwell in their land。 So since these men settled in the land of the Ethiopians�察�
the Ethiopians have come to be of milder manners�察�from having learnt the
customs of the Egyptians。
The Nile then�察 �besides the part of its course which is in Egypt�察 �is
known as far as a four months' journey by river and land�此�for that is the
number of months which are found by reckoning to be spent in going from
Elephantine to these ;Deserters;�此�and the river runs from the West and the
setting of the sun。 But what comes after that point no one can clearly say�察�
for this land is desert by reason of the burning heat。 This much however I
heard from men of Kyrene�察�who told me that they had been to the Oracle
of Ammon�察 �and had come to speech with Etearchos king of the
Ammonians�此�and it happened that after speaking of other matters they fell
to discourse about the Nile and how no one knew the sources of it�察�and
Etearchos said that once there came to him men of the Nasamonians ��this
is a Libyan race which dwells in the Syrtis�察�and also in the land to the East
of the Syrtis reaching to no great distance���察 �and when the Nasamonians
came and were asked by him whether they were able to tell him anything
more than he knew about the desert parts of Libya�察�they said that there had
been among them certain sons of chief men�察 �who were of unruly
disposition�察�and these when they grew up to be men had devised various
other extravagant things and also they had told off by lot five of
themselves to go to see the desert parts of Libya and to try whether they
could discover more than those who had previously explored furthest�此�for
in those parts of Libya which are by the Northern Sea�察 �beginning from
Egypt and going as far as the headland of Soloeis�察�which is the extreme
point of Libya�察�Libyans ��and of them many races�� extend along the whole
coast�察 �except so much as the Hellenes and Phenicians hold�察 �but in the
upper parts�察�which lie above the sea´coast and above those people whose
17
´ Page 18´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
land comes down to the sea�察�Libya is full of wild beasts�察�and in the parts
above the land of wild beasts it is full of sand�察 �terribly waterless and
utterly desert。 These young men then ��said they���察�being sent out by their
companions well furnished with supplies of water and provisions�察 �went
first through the inhabited country�察�and after they had passed through this
they came to the country of wild beasts�察�and after this they passed through
the desert�察 �making their journey towards the West Wind�察 �and having
passed through a great tract of sand in many days�察�they saw at last trees
growing in a level place�察 �and having come up to them�察 �they were
beginning to pluck the fruit which was upon the trees�此�but as they began to
pluck it�察�there came upon them small men�察�of less stature than men of the
common size�察�and these seized them and carried them away�察�and neither
could the Nasamonians understand anything of their speech nor could
those who were carrying them off understand anything of the speech of the
Nasamonians�察 �and they led them ��so it was said�� through very great
swamps�察�and after passing through these they came to a city in which all
the men were in size like those who carried them off and in colour of skin
black�察�and by the city ran a great river�察�which ran from the West towards
the sunrising�察 �and in it were seen crocodiles。 Of the account given by
Etearchos the Ammonian let so much suffice as is here said�察�except that�察�as
the men of Kyrene told me�察�he alleged that the Nasamonians returned safe
home�察�and that the people to whom they had come were all wizards。 Now
this river which ran by the city�察�Etearchos conjectured to be the Nile�察�and
moreover reason compels us to think so�察�for the Nile flows from Libya and
cuts Libya through in the midst�察�and as I conjecture�察�judging of what is not
known by that which is evident to the view�察�it starts at a distance from its
mouth equal to that of the Ister�此�for the river Ister begins from the Keltoi
and the city of Pyrene and so runs that it divides Europe in the midst ��now
the Keltoi are outside the Pillars of Heracles and border upon the
Kynesians�察�who dwell furthest towards the sunset of all those who have
their dwelling in Europe���此�and the Ister ends�察�having its course through the
whole of Europe�察�by flowing into the Euxine Sea at the place where the
Milesians have their settlement of Istria。 Now the Ister�察 �since it flows
through land which is inhabited�察�is known by the reports of many�察�but of
18
´ Page 19´
AN ACCOUNT OF EGYPT
the sources of the Nile no one can give an account�察�for the part of Libya
through which it flows is uninhabited and desert。 About its course however
so much as it was possible to learn by the most diligent inquiry has been
told�察 �and it runs out into Egypt。 Now Egypt lies nearly opposite to the
mountain districts of Kilikia�察�and from thence to Sinope�察�which lies upon
the Euxine Sea�察 �is a journey in the same straight line of five days for a
man without encumbrance�察�and Sinope lies opposite to the place where the
Ister runs out into the sea�此 �thus I think that the Nile passes through the
whole of Libya and is of equal measure with the Ister。
Of the Nile then let so much suffice as has been said。 Of Egypt
however I shall make my report at length�察�because it has wonders more in
number than any other land�察�and works too it has to show as much as any
land�察�which are beyond expression great�此�for this reason then more shall be
said concerning it。
The Egyptians in agreement with their climate�察 �which is unlike any
other�察 �and with the river�察 �which shows a nature different from all other
rivers�察�established for themselves manners and customs in a way opposite
to other men in almost all matters�此�for among them the women frequent
the market and carry on trade�察�while the men remain at home and weave�察�
and whereas others weave pushing the woof upwards�察�the Egyptians push
it downwards�此 �the men carry their burdens upon their heads and the
women upon their shoulders�此�the women make water standing up and the
men crouching down�此�they ease themselves in their houses and they eat
without in the streets�察 �alleging as reason for this that it is right to do
secretly the things that are unseemly though necessary�察�but those which are
not unseemly�察�in public�此�no woman is a minister either of male or female
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
梁椣戻幣�� 梁心弌傍議揖扮窟燕得胎��傍竃徭失議心隈才凪万弌誌育断蛍�輌臆惨軼僑〃�燕慕得珊辛參資誼持蛍才将刮襲潜��範寔亟圻幹慕得 瓜寡追葎娼得辛參資誼寄楚署衛、持蛍才将刮襲潜填��