嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
an account of egypt(娃式芝)-及8何蛍
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��
with the privy member made to move and not much less in size than the
rest of the body�此 �and a flute goes before and they follow singing the
praises of Dionysos。 As to the reason why the figure has this member
larger than is natural and moves it�察�though it moves no other part of the
body�察�about this there is a sacred story told。 Now I think that Melampus
the son of Amytheon was not without knowledge of these rites of sacrifice�察�
but was acquainted with them�此�for Melampus is he who first set forth to
the Hellenes the name of Dionysos and the manner of sacrifice and the
procession of the /phallos/。 Strictly speaking indeed�察�he when he made it
known did not take in the whole�察�but those wise men who came after him
made it known more at large。 Melampus then is he who taught of the
/phallos/ which is carried in procession for Dionysos�察 �and from him the
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Hellenes learnt to do that which they do。 I say then that Melampus being a
man of ability contrived for himself an art of divination�察�and having learnt
from Egypt he taught the Hellenes many things�察 �and among them those
that concern Dionysos�察�making changes in some few points of them�此�for I
shall not say that that which is done in worship of the god in Egypt came
accidentally to be the same with that which is done among the Hellenes�察�
for then these rites would have been in character with the Hellenic worship
and not lately brought in�察�nor certainly shall I say that the Egyptians took
from the Hellenes either this or any other customary observance�此�matters
concerning Dionysos from Cadmos the Tyrian and from those who came
with him from Phenicia to the land which we now call Boeotia。
Moreover the naming of almost all the gods has come to Hellas from
Egypt�此�for that it has come from the Barbarians I find by inquiry is true�察�
and I am of opinion that most probably it has come from Egypt�察�because�察�
except in the case of Poseidon and the Dioscuroi ��in accordance with that
which I have said before���察�and also of Hera and Hestia and Themis and the
Charites and Nereids�察�the Egyptians say themselves�此 �but as for the gods
whose names they profess that they do not know�察 �these I think received
their naming from the Pelasgians�察�except Poiseidon�察�but about this god the
Hellenes learnt from the Libyans�察�for no people except the Libyans have
had the name of Poseidon from the first and have paid honour to this god
always。 Nor�察 �it may be added�察 �have the Egyptians any custom of
worshipping heroes。 These observances then�察 �and others besides these
which I shall mention�察�the Hellenes have adopted from the Egyptians�察�but
to make�察 �as they do the images of Hermes with the /phallos/ they have
learnt not from the Egyptians but from the Pelasgians�察�the custom having
been received by the Athenians first of all the Hellenes and from these by
the rest�察�for just at the time when the Athenians were beginning to rank
among the Hellenes�察 �the Pelasgians became dwellers with them in their
land�察 �and from this very cause it was that they began to be counted as
Hellenes。 Whosoever has been initiated in the mysteries of the Cabeiroi�察�
which the Samothrakians perform having received them from the
Pelasgians�察 �that man knows the meaning of my speech�察 �for these very
Pelasgians who became dwellers with the Athenians used to dwell before
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that time in Samothrake�察�and from them the Samothrakians received their
mysteries。 So then the Athenians were the first of the Hellenes who made
the images of Hermes with the /phallos/�察�having learnt from the Pelasgians�察�
and the Pelasgians told a sacred story about it�察 �which is set forth in the
mysteries in Samothrake。 Now the Pelasgians formerly were wont to make
all their sacrifices calling upon the gods in prayer�察 �as I know from that
which I heard at Dodona�察�but they gave no title or name to any of them�察�
for they had not yet heard any�察�but they called them gods from some such
notion as this�察 �that they had set in order all things and so had the
distribution of everything。 Afterwards when much time had elapsed�察�they
learnt from Egypt the names of the gods�察�all except Dionysos�察�for his name
they learnt long afterwards�察�and after a time the Pelasgians consulted the
Oracle at Dodona about the names�察�for this prophetic seat is accounted to
be the most ancient of the Oracles which are among the Hellenes�察�and at
that time it was the only one。 So when the Pelasgians asked the Oracle at
Dodona whether they should adopt the names which had come from the
Barbarians�察�the Oracle in reply bade them make use of the names。 From
this time they sacrificed using the names of the gods�察 �and from the
Pelasgians the Hellenes afterwards received them�此 �but when the several
gods had their birth�察�or whether they all were from the beginning�察�and of
what form they are�察�they did not learn till yesterday�察�as it were�察�or the day
before�此�for Hesiod and Homer I suppose were four hundred years before
my time and not more�察�and these are they who made a theogony for the
Hellenes and gave the titles to the gods and distributed to them honours
and arts�察�and set forth their forms�此�but the poets who are said to have been
before these men were really in my opinion after them。 Of these things the
first are said by the priestesses of Dodona�察 �and the latter things�察 �those
namely which have regard to Hesiod and Homer�察�by myself。
As regards the Oracles both that among the Hellenes and that in Libya�察�
the Egyptians tell the following tale。 The priests of the Theban Zeus told
me that two women in the service of the temple had been carried away
from Thebes by Phenicians�察�and that they had heard that one of them had
been sold to go into Libya and the other to the Hellenes�察�and these women�察�
they said�察 �were they who first founded the prophetic seats among the
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nations which have been named�此�and when I inquired whence they knew
so perfectly of this tale which they told�察 �they said in reply that a great
search had been made by the priests after these women�察�and that they had
not been able to find them�察�but they had heard afterwards this tale about
them which they were telling。 This I heard from the priests at Thebes�察�and
what follows is said by the prophetesses of Dodona。 They say that two
black doves flew from Thebes in Egypt�察�and came one of them to Libya
and the other to their land。 And this latter settled upon an oak´tree and
spoke with human voice�察�saying that it was necessary that a prophetic seat
of Zeus should be established in that place�察 �and they supposed that that
was of the gods which was announced to them�察�and made one accordingly�此�
and the dove which went away to the Libyans�察�they say�察�bade the Libyans
make an Oracle of Ammon�察 �and this also is of Zeus。 The priestesses of
Dodona told me these things�察�of whom the eldest was named Promeneia�察�
the next after her Timarete�察 �and the youngest Nicandra�察 �and the other
people of Dodona who were engaged about the temple gave accounts
agreeing with theirs。 I however have an opinion about the matter as
follows��If the Phenicians did in truth carry away the consecrated women
and sold one of them into Libya and the other into Hellas�察�I suppose that in
the country now called Hellas�察 �which was formerly called Pelasgia�察 �this
woman was sold into the land of the Thesprotians�察�and then being a slave
there she set up a sanctuary of Zeus under a real oak´tree�察�as indeed it was
natural that being an attendant of the sanctuary of Zeus at Thebes�察 �she
should there�察�in the place to which she had come�察�have a memory of him�察�
and after this�察 �when she got understanding of the Hellenic tongue�察 �she
established an Oracle�察�and she reported�察�I suppose�察�that her sister had been
sold in Libya by the same Phenicians by whom she herself had been sold。
Moreover�察 �I think that the women were called doves by the people of
Dodona for the reason that they were barbarians and because it seemed to
them that they uttered voice like birds�察�but after a time ��they say�� the dove
spoke with human voice�察�that is when the woman began to speak so that
they could understand�察�but so long as she spoke a Barbarian tongue she
seemed to them to be uttering voice like a bird�此�for if it had been really a
dove�察�how could it speak with human voice�拭�And in saying that the dove
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was black�察 �they indicate that the woman was Egyptian。 The ways of
delivering oracles too at Thebes in Egypt and at Dodona closely resemble
each other�察�as it happens�察�and also the method of divination by victims has
come from Egypt。
Moreover�察�it is true also
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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