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john jacob astor(埃魂,埃荻,安帽満)-及3何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



combination that was quite as exclusive then as now。 

     This marriage was a business partnership as well as marital and proved 

a success in every way。         Sarah was a worker�察�with all the good old Dutch 

qualities    of   patience�察   �persistence�察   �industry    and   economy。       When      her 

husband went on trips she kept store。             She was the only partner in which 

he ever had implicit faith。        And faith is the first requisite in success 

     Captain Cook had skirted the Pacific Coast from Cape Horn to Alaska�察�

and had brought to the attention of the fur´dealing and fur´wearing world 

the sea´otter of the Northern Pacific 

     He    also   gave    a  psychological      prophetic    glimpse     of  the   insidious 

sealskin sacque。 

     In Seventeen Hundred and Ninety�察�a ship from the Pacific brought a 

hundred otterskins to New York。             The skins were quickly sold to London 



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                                      John Jacob Astor 



buyers at exorbitant prices 

     The nobility  wanted sea´otter�察  �or ``Royal American   Ermine��''   as they 

called it。    The scarcity boomed the price。            Ships were quickly fitted out 

and dispatched。       Boats bound for the whale fisheries were diverted�察�and 

New Bedford had a spasm of jealousy。 

     Astor encouraged these expeditions�察�but at first invested no money in 

them�察    �as  he   considered      them    ``extra   hazardous。''       He     was   not   a 

speculator。 



     Until the year Eighteen Hundred�察�Astor lived over his store in Water 

Street�察�but he then moved to the plain and modest house at Two Hundred 

and Twenty´three Broadway�察�on the site of the old Astor House。                    Here he 

lived for twenty´five years。 

     The   fur   business   was   simple   and   very   profitable。     Astor   now   was 

confining   himself   mostly   to   beaver´   skins。      He   fixed   the   price   at   one 

dollar�察�to be paid to the Indians or trappers。           It cost fifty cents to prepare 

and transport the skin to London。             There it was sold at from five to ten 

dollars。    All of the money received for skins was then invested in English 

merchandise�察      �which    was   sold   in  New    York    at  a  profit。   In   Eighteen 

Hundred�察�Astor owned three ships which he had bought so as to absolutely 

control his trade。      Ascertaining that London dealers were reshipping furs 

to China�察�early in the century he dispatched one of his ships directly to the 

Orient�察�loaded with furs�察�with explicit written instructions to the captain as 

to what the cargo should be sold for。             The money was to be invested in 

teas and silks。 

     The ship sailed away�察�and had been gone a year。              No tidings had come 

from her。 

     Suddenly a   messenger came   with   news   that   the   ship   was   in   the bay。 

We   can   imagine   the   interest   of   Mr。   and   Mrs。 Astor   as   they   locked   their 

store and ran to the Battery。        Sure enough�察�it was their ship�察�riding gently 

on the tide�察�snug�察�strong and safe as when she had left。 

     The   profit   on   this  one   voyage   was     seventy   thousand   dollars。     By 

Eighteen      Hundred     and   Ten�察  �John   Jacob   Astor    was   worth    two   million 

dollars。    He began to invest all his surplus money in New York real estate。 



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                                       John Jacob Astor 



He   bought   acerage   property   in   the   vicinity   of   Canal   Street。      Next   he 

bought   Richmond   Hill�察  �the   estate   of   Aaron   Burr。        It   consisted   of   one 

hundred and sixty acres just above Twenty´third Street。                   He paid for the 

land   a   thousand   dollars   an   acre。   People   said Astor   was   crazy。       In   ten 

years he began to sell lots from the Richmond Hill property at the rate of 

five thousand dollars   an acre。          Fortunately  for  his   estate he did not   sell 

much of the land at this price�察�for it is this particular dirt that makes up 

that vast property known as ``The Astor Estate。'' 

     During the Revolutionary War�察�Roger Morris�察�of Putnam County�察�New 

York�察�made the mistake of siding with the Tories。 

     A  mob   collected�察  �and   Morris   and   his   family   escaped�察  �taking   ship   to 

England。 

     Before leaving�察�Morris declared his intention of coming back as soon 

as ``the insurrection was quelled。'' 

     The     British   troops�察  �we    are  reliably    informed�察    �failed   to  quell   the 

insurrection。 

     Roger Morris never came back。 

     Roger   Morris      is  known     in  history   as  the   man    who    married    Mary 

Philipse。     And   this   lady  lives   in   history  because   she   had   the   felicity   of 

having   been   proposed   to   by   George   Washington。          It   is   George   himself�察�

tells of this in his Journal�察�and George you remember could not tell a lie。 

     George      was   twenty´five�察    �he   was   on   his   way   to   Boston�察   �and   was 

entertained at the Philipse house�察�the Plaza not having then been built。 

     Mary     was    twenty�察   �pink   and   lissome。    She    played    the  harpsichord。 

Immediately after supper George�察�finding himself alone in the parlor with 

the girl�察�proposed。 

     He was an opportunist。 

     The lady pleaded for time�察�which the Father of his Country declined to 

give。    He   was   a   soldier   and   demanded   immediate   surrender。           A  small 

quarrel   followed�察  �and   George   saddled   his   horse   and   rode   on   his   way   to 

fame and fortune。 

     Mary thought he would come back�察�but George never proposed to the 

same lady twice。 Yet he thought kindly of Mary and excused her conduct 

by recording�察 �`I think ye ladye was not in ye moode。'' 



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                                        John Jacob Astor 



     Just    twenty´two      years   after   this  bout   with   Cupid�察    �General     George 

Washington�察�Commander´in´Chief of the Continental Army�察�occupied the 

Roger      Morris     Mansion      as   headquarters�察     �the   occupants      having     fled。 

Washington had a sly sense of humor�察�and on the occasion of his moving 

into the mansion�察�remarked to Colonel Aaron Burr�察�his aide�察 �`I move in 

here   for   sentimental   reasonsI   have   a   small   and   indirect   claim   on   the 

place。'' 

     It was Washington who formally confiscated the property�察�and turned it 

over to the State of New York as contraband of war。 

     The Morris estate of about fifty thousand acres was parceled out and 

sold by the State of New York to settlers。 

     It   seems�察  �however�察  �that   Roger   Morris   had   only   a   life   interest   in   the 

estate and this was a legal point so fine that it was entirely overlooked in 

the joy of confiscation。 Washington was a great soldier�察�but an indifferent 

lawyer。 

     John Jacob Astor accidentally ascertained the facts。 He was convinced 

that   the   heirs   could   not   be   robbed   of   their   rights   through   the   acts   of   a 

leaseholder�察�which�察�legally was the status of Roger Morris。                     Astor was a 

good   real   estate   lawyer   himself�察  �but   he   referred   the   point   to   the   best 

counsel he could find。           They agreed with him。            He next hunted up the 

heirs and bought their quitclaims for one hundred thousand dollars。 

     He then notified the parties who had purchased the land�察�and they in 

turn made claim upon the State for protection。 

     After much legal parleying the case was tried according to stipulation 

with   the   State   of   New   York�察  �directly�察  �as   defendant   and   Astor   and   the 

occupants as plaintiffs。         Daniel Webster and Martin Van Buren appeared 

for the State�察�and an array of lesser legal lights for Astor。 

     The case was narrowed down to the plain and simple point that Roger 

Morris   was   not   the   legal   owner  of   the   estate�察  �and   that   the   rightful   heirs 

could      not    be   made      to   suffer    for   the    ``treason�察    �contumacy       and 

contravention''   of   another。       Astor   won�察  �and   as   a   compromise   the   State 

issued   him   twenty´year   bonds   bearing   six   per   cent   interest�察  �for   the   neat 

sum   of   five   hundred   thousand   dollarsnot   that Astor   needed   the   money 

but finance was to him a game�察�and he had won。 



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                                       John Jacob Astor 



     In front of the first A。 T。 Stewart store there used to be an old woman 

who sold apples。         Regardless of weather�察�there she sat and mumbled her 

wares   at   the   passer´by。    She   was   a   combination   beggar   and   merchant�察�

with     a  blundering      wit�察 �a   ready    tongue    and    a  vocabulary      unfit   for 

publication。 

     Her commercial genius is shown in the fact that she secured one good 

paying customerAlexander T。 Stewart。                Stewart   grew to believe in   her 

as his spirit of good luck。          Once when bargains had been offered at the 

Stewart   store   and   the   old   woman   was   not   at   her   place   on   the   curb�察  �the 

merchant´prince   sent   his   carriage   for   her   in   hot   haste   ``lest   offense   be 

given。''    And the day was saved。 

     When the original store was abandoned for the Stewart ``Palace'' the 

old apple woman with her box�察�basket and umbrella were tenderly taken 

along�察�too。 

     John    Jacob    Astor    had   no   such   belief   in  luck   omens�察    �portents�察  �or 

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