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the dark lady of the sonnets(噴膨佩鮒戦議菜健繁)-及5何蛍
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Mr Harris whether any woman could have stood it for long�察 �or have
thought the ;sugred; compliment worth the cruel wounds�察�the cleaving of
the heart in twain�察 �that seemed to Shakespear as natural and amusing a
reaction as the burlesquing of his heroics by Pistol�察�his sermons by Falstaff�察�
and his poems by Cloten and Touchstone。
Jupiter and Semele
This does not mean that Shakespear was cruel�此 �evidently he was not�察�
but it was not cruelty that made Jupiter reduce Semele to ashes�此 �it was
the fact that he could not help being a god nor she help being a mortal。
The one thing Shakespear's passion for the Dark Lady was not�察�was what
Mr Harris in one passage calls it�此 �idolatrous。 If it had been�察�she might
have been able to stand it。 The man who ;dotes yet doubts�察�suspects�察�yet
strongly loves�察─�is tolerable even by a spoilt and tyrannical mistress�察�but
what woman could possibly endure a man who dotes without doubting�察�
who _knows_�察 �and who is hugely amused at the absurdity of his
infatuation for a woman of whose mortal imperfections not one escapes
him�此 �a man always exchanging grins with Yorick's skull�察 �and inviting
;my lady; to laugh at the sepulchral humor of the fact that though she
paint an inch thick ��which the Dark Lady may have done���察 �to Yorick's
favor she must come at last。 To the Dark Lady he must sometimes have
seemed cruel beyond description�此 �an intellectual Caliban。 True�察 �a
Caliban who could say
Be not afeard�此 �the isle is full of noises Sounds and
sweet airs that give delight and hurt not。 Sometimes a thousand
twangling instruments Will hum about mine ears�察 �and sometimes
voices�察 �That�察�if I then had waked after long sleep Will make
me sleep again�察 �and then�察 �in dreaming�察 �The clouds�察 �methought�察�
would open and shew riches Ready to drop on me�此 �that when I
wak'd I cried to dream again。 which is very lovely�察�but the
Dark Lady may have had that vice in her ears which Cloten dreaded�此 �she
may not have seen the beauty of it�察�whereas there can be no doubt at all
that of ;My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun�察─�&c。�察�not a word was
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lost on her。
And is it to be supposed that Shakespear was too stupid or too modest
not to see at last that it was a case of Jupiter and Semele�拭�Shakespear was
most certainly not modest in that sense。 The timid cough of the minor
poet was never heard from him。
Not marble�察�nor the gilded monuments Of princes�察 �shall
outlive this powerful rhyme is only one out of a dozen passages in
which he ��possibly with a keen sense of the fun of scandalizing the modest
coughers�� proclaimed his place and his power in ;the wide world
dreaming of things to come。; The Dark Lady most likely thought this side
of him insufferably conceited�察�for there is no reason to suppose that she
liked his plays any better than Minna Wagner liked Richard's music
dramas�此 �as likely as not�察 �she thought The Spanish Tragedy worth six
Hamlets。 He was not stupid either�此 �if his class limitations and a
profession that cut him off from actual participation in great affairs of
State had not confined his opportunities of intellectual and political
training to private conversation and to the Mermaid Tavern�察 �he would
probably have become one of the ablest men of his time instead of being
merely its ablest playwright。 One might surmise that Shakespear found
out that the Dark Lady's brains could no more keep pace with his than
Anne Hathaway's�察�if there were any evidence that their friendship ceased
when he stopped writing sonnets to her。 As a matter of fact the
consolidation of a passion into an enduring intimacy generally puts an end
to sonnets。
That the Dark Lady broke Shakespear's heart�察�as Mr Harris will have it
she did�察 �is an extremely unShakespearian hypothesis。 ;Men have died
from time to time�察 �and worms have eaten them�察 �but not for love�察─ �says
Rosalind。 Richard of Gloster�察 �into whom Shakespear put all his own
impish superiority to vulgar sentiment�察�exclaims
And this word ;love�察─ �which greybeards call divine�察 �Be
resident in men like one another And not in me�此 �I am myself
alone。 Hamlet has not a tear for Ophelia�此 �her death moves him to
fierce disgust for the sentimentality of Laertes by her grave�察�and when he
discusses the scene with Horatio immediately after�察�he utterly forgets her�察�
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THE DARK LADY OF THE SONNETS
though he is sorry he forgot himself�察 �and jumps at the proposal of a
fencing match to finish the day with。 As against this view Mr Harris
pleads Romeo�察�Orsino�察�and even Antonio�察�and he does it so penetratingly
that he convinces you that Shakespear did betray himself again and again
in these characters�察�but self´betrayal is one thing�察�and self´portrayal�察�as in
Hamlet and Mercutio�察 �is another。 Shakespear never ;saw himself�察─ �as
actors say�察 �in Romeo or Orsino or Antonio。 In Mr Harris's own play
Shakespear is presented with the most pathetic tenderness。 He is tragic�察�
bitter�察�pitiable�察�wretched and broken among a robust crowd of Jonsons and
Elizabeths�察 �but to me he is not Shakespear because I miss the
Shakespearian irony and the Shakespearian gaiety。 Take these away and
Shakespear is no longer Shakespear�此 �all the bite�察 �the impetus�察 �the
strength�察�the grim delight in his own power of looking terrible facts in the
face with a chuckle�察 �is gone�察 �and you have nothing left but that most
depressing of all things�此 �a victim。 Now who can think of Shakespear as
a man with a grievance�拭 �Even in that most thoroughgoing and inspired
of all Shakespear's loves�此 �his love of music ��which Mr Harris has been
the first to appreciate at anything like its value���察�there is a dash of mockery。
;Spit in the hole�察�man�察�and tune again。; ;Divine air� �Now is his soul
ravished。 Is it not strange that sheep's guts should hale the souls out of
men's bodies�拭─ �An he had been a dog that should have howled thus�察�
they would have hanged him。; There is just as much Shakespear here as
in the inevitable quotation about the sweet south and the bank of violets。
I lay stress on this irony of Shakespear's�察 �this impish rejoicing in
pessimism�察�this exultation in what breaks the hearts of common men�察�not
only because it is diagnostic of that immense energy of life which we call
genius�察�but because its omission is the one glaring defect in Mr Harris's
otherwise extraordinarily penetrating book。 Fortunately�察�it is an omission
that does not disable the book as ��in my judgment�� it disabled the hero of
the play�察 �because Mr Harris left himself out of his play�察 �whereas he
pervades his book�察�mordant�察�deep´voiced�察�and with an unconquerable style
which is the man。
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The Idol of the Bardolaters
There is even an advantage in having a book on Shakespear with the
Shakespearian irony left out of account。 I do not say that the missing
chapter should not be added in the next edition�此 �the hiatus is too great�此�
it leaves the reader too uneasy before this touching picture of a writhing
worm substituted for the invulnerable giant。 But it is none the less
probable that in no other way could Mr Harris have got at his man as he
has。 For�察 �after all�察 �what is the secret of the hopeless failure of the
academic Bardolaters to give us a credible or even interesting Shakespear�察�
and the easy triumph of Mr Harris in giving us both�拭 �Simply that Mr
Harris has assumed that he was dealing with a man�察�whilst the others have
assumed that they were writing about a god�察�and have therefore rejected
every consideration of fact�察�tradition�察�or interpretation�察�that pointed to any
human imperfection in their hero。 They thus leave themselves with so
little material that they are forced to begin by saying that we know very
little about Shakespear。 As a matter of fact�察�with the plays and sonnets in
our hands�察 �we know much more about Shakespear than we know about
Dickens or Thackeray�此 �the only difficulty is that we deliberately
suppress it because it proves that Shakespear was not only very unlike the
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