嗔秤戻幣�哉膵�云利匈嬉蝕湊蛸賜�塋床四衲���萩晦編報炎嘔囚^泡仟 ̄云利匈��
栽怩弌傍利 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

the dark lady of the sonnets(噴膨佩鮒戦議菜健繁)-及6何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



suppress it because it proves that Shakespear was not only very unlike the 

conception   of   a   god   current   in   Clapham�察  �but   was   not�察  �according   to   the 

same reckoning�察�even a respectable man。                The academic view starts with 

a   Shakespear   who   was   not   scurrilous�察  �therefore   the   verses   about   ;lousy 

Lucy; cannot have been written by him�察�and the cognate passages in the 

plays   are   either strokes   of   character´drawing   or   gags interpolated   by  the 

actors。     This     ideal   Shakespear      was   too   well   behaved      to  get   drunk�察�

therefore the tradition that his death was hastened by a drinking bout with 

Jonson and Drayton must be rejected�察�and the remorse of Cassio treated as 

a   thing   observed�察  �not   experienced�此      �nay�察  �the   disgust   of   Hamlet   at   the 

drinking   customs       of  Denmark   is     taken    to   establish  Shakespear      as  the 

superior of Alexander in self´control�察�and the greatest of teetotallers。 

     Now this system of inventing your great man to start with�察�and   then 

rejecting all the materials that do not fit him�察�with the ridiculous result that 

you   have   to   declare   that   there   are   no   materials   at   all   ��with   your   waste´ 



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paper basket full of them���察�ends in leaving Shakespear with a much worse 

character than he deserves。         For though it does not greatly matter whether 

he   wrote   the   lousy   Lucy   lines   or   not�察  �and   does   not   really   matter   at   all 

whether he got drunk when he made a night of it with Jonson and Drayton�察�

the sonnets raise an unpleasant question which does matter a good deal�察�

and the refusal of the academic Bardolaters to discuss or even mention this 

question      has   had   the   effect   of   producing     a   silent   verdict   against 

Shakespear。       Mr Harris tackles the question openly�察�and has no difficulty 

whatever      in   convincing     us   that  Shakespear      was    a  man    of   normal 

constitution     sexually�察  �and   was    not  the  victim    of  that  most    cruel  and 

pitiable of all the freaks of nature�此      �the freak which transposes the normal 

aim of the affections。       Silence on this point means condemnation�察�and the 

condemnation has been general throughout the present generation�察�though 

it only needed Mr Harris's fearless handling of the matter to sweep away 

what    is  nothing    but  a  morbid     and   very  disagreeable     modern     fashion。 

There is always some stock accusation brought against eminent persons。 

When I was a boy every well´known man was accused of beating his wife。 

Later  on�察  �for  some   unexplained   reason�察 �he   was   accused   of   psychopathic 

derangement。         And      this   fashion    is  retrospective。      The     cases    of 

Shakespear and Michel Angelo are cited as proving that every genius of 

the first magnitude was a sufferer�察�and both here and in Germany there are 

circles in which such derangement is grotesquely reverenced as part of the 

stigmata of heroic powers。 All of which is gross nonsense。                Unfortunately�察�

in Shakespear's case�察�prudery�察�which   cannot prevent the accusation  from 

being   whispered�察  �does   prevent   the   refutation   from   being   shouted。       Mr 

Harris�察�the deep´voiced�察�refuses to be silenced。            He dismisses with proper 

contempt      the   stupidity    which    places    an  outrageous      construction     on 

Shakespear's       apologies     in  the   sonnets     for  neglecting     that   ;perfect 

ceremony;       of   love    which    consists    in   returning    calls   and    making 

protestations     and   giving    presents   and    paying    the  trumpery     attentions 

which men of genius always refuse to bother about�察�and to which touchy 

people who have no genius attach so much importance。                    No leader who 

had not been tampered with by the psychopathic monomaniacs could ever 

put any construction but the obvious and innocent one on these passages。 



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But the general vocabulary of the sonnets to Pembroke ��or whoever ;Mr 

W。   H。;   really   was��   is   so   overcharged   according   to   modern   ideas   that   a 

reply on the general case is necessary。 



       Shakespear's alleged Sycophancy and Perversion 



     That reply�察�which Mr Harris does not hesitate to give�察�is twofold�此�first�察�

that   Shakespear      was�察  �in  his   attitude   towards    earls�察 �a  sycophant�察     �and�察�

second�察�that the normality of Shakespear's sexual constitution is only too 

well attested by the excessive susceptibility to the normal impulse shewn 

in   the   whole   mass   of   his   writings。  This   latter   is   the   really   conclusive 

reply。    In the case of Michel Angelo�察�for instance�察�one must admit that if 

his works are set beside those of Titian or Paul Veronese�察�it is impossible 

not to be struck by the absence in the Florentine of that susceptibility to 

feminine charm which pervades the pictures of the Venetians。                    But�察�as Mr 

Harris points out ��though he does not use this particular illustration�� Paul 

Veronese is an anchorite compared to Shakespear。                   The language of the 

sonnets     addressed     to  Pembroke�察     �extravagant     as   it  now   seems�察   �is  the 

language       of   compliment        and    fashion�察    �transfigured     no    doubt     by 

Shakespear's verbal magic�察�and hyperbolical�察�as Shakespear always seems 

to people who cannot conceive so vividly as he�察�but still unmistakable for 

anything   else   than   the   expression   of   a   friendship   delicate   enough   to   be 

wounded�察  �and   a   manly   loyalty   deep   enough   to        be   outraged。    But   the 

language   of   the   sonnets   to   the   Dark   Lady   is   the   language   of   passion�此�

their cruelty shews it。       There is no evidence that Shakespear was capable 

of being unkind in cold blood。            But in his revulsions from love�察�he was 

bitter�察   �wounding�察     �even    ferocious�察    �sparing     neither    himself    nor    the 

unfortunate woman whose only offence was that she had reduced the great 

man to the common human denominator。 

     In seizing on these two points   Mr   Harris has made   so   sure   a stroke�察�

and placed his evidence so featly that there is nothing left for me to do but 

to plead that the second is sounder than the first�察�which is�察�I think�察�marked 

by   the   prevalent   mistake   as   to   Shakespear's   social   position�察  �or�察  �if   you 

prefer   it�察  �the   confusion   between his   actual social   position   as   a   penniless 



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                             THE DARK LADY OF THE SONNETS 



tradesman's      son   taking    to  the  theatre   for   a  livelihood�察   �and   his  own 

conception of himself as a gentleman of good family。                   I am prepared to 

contend      that  though    Shakespear      was    undoubtedly      sentimental     in  his 

expressions   of   devotion   to   Mr   W。   H。   even   to   a   point   which   nowadays 

makes   both   ridiculous�察  �he   was   not   sycophantic   if   Mr   W。   H。   was   really 

attractive    and   promising�察    �and   Shakespear      deeply   attached    to  him。    A 

sycophant   does   not   tell   his   patron   that   his   fame   will   survive�察  �not   in   the 

renown      of  his  own    actions�察  �but   in  the  sonnets    of  his  sycophant。      A 

sycophant�察�when his patron cuts him out in a love affair�察�does not tell his 

patron exactly what he thinks of him。              Above all�察�a sycophant does not 

write to his patron precisely as he feels on all occasions�察�and this rare kind 

of sincerity is all over the sonnets。         Shakespear�察�we are told�察�was ;a very 

civil gentleman。;       This must mean that his desire to please people and be 

liked    by   them�察  �and   his   reluctance   to  hurt  their   feelings�察 �led   him   into 

amiable flattery even when his feelings were not strongly stirred。                  If this 

be taken into account along with the fact that Shakespear conceived and 

expressed all his emotions with a vehemence that sometimes carried him 

into ludicrous extravagance�察�making Richard offer his kingdom for a horse 

and Othello declare of Cassio that 

            Had     all  his  hairs   been    lives�察 �my   great   revenge             Had 

stomach   for   them   all�察           �we   shall   see   more   civility   and   hyperbole 

than sycophancy even in the earlier and more coldblooded sonnets。 



                         Shakespear and Democracy 



     Now   take   the   general   case   pled   against   Shakespear   as   an   enemy   of 

democracy by Tolstoy�察�the late Ernest Crosbie and others�察�and endorsed by 

Mr Harris。      Will it really stand fire�拭      �Mr Harris emphasizes the passages 

in   which     Shakespear     spoke    of   mechanics     and   even    of  small    master 

tradesmen as base persons whose clothes were greasy�察�whose breath was 

rank�察�and whose political imbecility and caprice moved Coriolanus to say 

to the Roman Radical who demanded at least ;good words; from him 

            He that will give good words to thee will flatter                     Beneath 

abhorring。             But   let   us   be   honest。  As   political   sentiments   these 



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                               THE DARK LADY OF THE SONNETS 



lines   are   an   abomination   to   every   democrat。       But   suppose   they   are   not 

po
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