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hiero(錬櫛袋)-及6何蛍
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perilous to achieve than are the pettier ambitions of lesser men。
And hence it is�察 �moreover�察 �that you will find but few��14�А �private
persons paupers by comparison with the large number of tyrants who
deserve the title�撮�15�А �since the criterion of enough�察 �or too much�察 �is not
fixed by mere arithmetic�察�but relatively to the needs of the individual。��16�А�
In other words�察�whatever exceeds sufficiency is much�察�and what falls short
of that is little。��17�А�
��14�А �Reading as vulg。 ��alla mentoi kai penetas opsei oukh outos
oligous ton idioton os pollous ton turannon��。 Lit。 ;however that may
be�察 �you will see not so few private persons in a state of penury as
many despots。; Breitenbach del。 ��oukh���察 �and transl。�察 �Daher weist
du auch in dem Masse wenige Arme unter den Privat´ leuten finden�察�
als viele unter den Tyrannen。; Stob。�察 。�penetas opsei oligous ton
idioton�察 �pollous de ton turannon��。 Stob。 MS。 Par。�察 。�alla mentoi kai
plousious opsei oukh outos oligous ton idioton os penetas pollous
ton turannon��。 See Holden ad loc。 and crit。 n。
��15�А�Cf。 ;Mem。; IV。 ii。 37。
��16�А�Or�察 �not by the number of things we have�察�but in reference to the
use we make of them。; Cf。 ;Anab。; VII。 vii。 36。
��17�А �Dr。 Holden aptly cf。 Addison�察 �The Spectator�察─ �No。 574�察 �on the
text ;Non possidentem multa vocaveris recte beatum 。 。 。;
And on this principle the tyrant�察�with his multiplicity of goods�察�is less
well provided to meet necessary expenses than the private person�察 �since
the latter can always cut down his expenditure to suit his daily needs in
any way he chooses�察 �but the tyrant cannot do so�察�seeing that the largest
expenses of a monarch are also the most necessary�察 �being devoted to
various methods of safeguarding his life�察 �and to cut down any of them
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would be little less than suicidal。��18�А�
��18�А�Or�察 �and to curtail these would seem to be self´slaughter。;
Or�察�to put it differently�察�why should any one expend compassion on a
man�察�as if he were a beggar�察�who has it in his power to satisfy by just and
honest means his every need�殖�19�А�Surely it would be more appropriate to
call that man a wretched starveling beggar rather�察 �who through lack of
means is driven to live by ugly shifts and base contrivances。
��19�А �i。e。 ;to expend compassion on a man who�察 �etc。�察 �were surely a
pathetic fallacy。; Al。 ;Is not the man who has it in his power�察 �etc。�察�far
above being pitied�拭─�
Now it is your tyrant who is perpetually driven to iniquitous spoilation
of temples and human beings�察�through chronic need of money wherewith
to meet inevitable expenses�察�since he is forced to feed and support an army
��even in times of peace�� no less than if there were actual war�察�or else he
signs his own death´warrant。��20�А�
��20�А �A daily�察 �hourly constraint is laid upon him to support an army
as in war time�察�orwrite his epitaph� ─�
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V
But there is yet another sore affliction to which the tyrant is liable�察�
Sinmonides�察 �which I will name to you。 It is this。 Tyrants no less than
ordinary mortals can distinguish merit。 The orderly�撮�1�А�the wise�察�the just
and upright�察�they freely recognise�察�but instead of admiring them�察�they are
afraid of themthe courageous�察�lest they should venture something for the
sake of freedom�察 �the wise�察 �lest they invent some subtle mischief�撮�2�А �the
just and upright�察�lest the multitude should take a fancy to be led by them。
��1�А�The same epithets occur in Aristoph。 ;Plut。; 89�此�
��ego gar on meirakion epeiles' oti os tous dikaious
kai sophous kai kosmious monous badioimen。��
Stob。 gives for ��kasmious�� ��alkimous��。
��2�А �Or�察 �for fear of machinations。; But the word is suggestive of
mechanical inventions also�察 �like those of Archimedes in connection
with a later Hiero ��see Plut。 ;Marcel。; xv。 foll。���察�or of Lionardo�察�or of
Michael Angelo ��Symonds�察 �Renaissance in Italy�察─ �The Fine Arts�察─�
pp。 315�察�393��。
And when he has secretly and silently made away with all such people
through terror�察�whom has he to fall back upon to be of use to him�察�save
only the unjust�察�the incontinent�察�and the slavish´natured�殖�3�А�Of these�察�the
unjust can be trusted as sharing the tyrant's terror lest the cities should
some day win their freedom and lay strong hands upon them�察 �the
incontinent�察�as satisfied with momentary license�察�and the slavish´natured�察�
for the simple reason that they have not themselves the slightest aspiration
after freedom。��4�А�
��3�А�Or�察 �the dishonest�察�the lascivious�察�and the servile。;
��4�А �They have no aspiration even to be free�察─ �they are content to
wallow in the slough of despond。; The ��adikoi�� ��unjust�� correspond
to the ��dikaioi�� ��just���察。�akrateis�� ��incontinent�� to the ��sophoi�� ��wise��
��Breit。 cf。 ;Mem。; III。 ix。 4�察 。�sophian de kai sophrosunen ou
diorizen�����察 。�andrapododeis�� ��servile�� to the ��kasmioi���察 。�andreioi��
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��orderly�察�courageous��。
This�察�then�察�I say�察�appears to me a sore affliction�察�that we should look
upon the one set as good men�察�and yet be forced to lean upon the other。
And further�察�even a tyrant cannot but be something of a patriota lover
of that state�察�without which he can neither hope for safety nor prosperity。
On the other hand�察�his tyrrany�察�the exigencies of despotic rule�察�compel him
to incriminate his fatherland。��5�А�To train his citizens to soldiery�察�to render
them brave warriors�察�and well armed�察�confers no pleasure on him�察�rather
he will take delight to make his foreigners more formidable than those to
whom the state belongs�察 �and these foreigners he will depend on as his
body´guard。
��5�А �Or�察 �depreciate the land which gave him birth。; Holden cf。
;Cyrop。; VII。 ii。 22。 See Sturz�察�s。v。
Nay more�察�not even in the years of plenty�撮�6�А�when abundance of all
blessings reigns�察 �not even then may the tyrant's heart rejoice amid the
general joy�察�for the greater the indigence of the community the humbler he
will find them�此�that is his theory。
��6�А �In good seasons�察─ �seasons of prosperity。; Cf。 Aristot。 ;Pol。; v。
6。 17。
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VI
He continued�此 �I desire to make known to you�察 �Simonides�撮�1�А �those
divers pleasures which were mine whilst I was still a private citizen�察�but of
which to´day�察 �nay�察 �from the moment I became a tyrant�察 �I find myself
deprived。 In those days I consorted with my friends and fellows�察 �to our
mutual delectation�撮�2�А �or�察 �if I craved for quietude�撮�3�А �I chose myself for
my companion。 Gaily the hours flitted at our drinking´parties�察�ofttimes till
we had drowned such cares and troubles as are common to the life of man
in Lethe's bowl�撮�4�А�or ofttimes till we had steeped our souls in song and
dance��5�А �and revelry�察 �ofttimes till the flame of passion kindled in the
breasts of my companions and my own。��6�А �But now�察 �welladay�察 �I am
deprived of those who took delight in me�察�because I have slaves instead of
friends as my companions�察�I am robbed of my once delightful intercourse
with them�察�because I discern no vestige of goodwill towards me in their
looks。 And as to the wine´cup and slumberthese I guard against�察�even as
a man might guard against an ambuscade。 Think only� �to dread a crowd�察�to
dread solitude�察�to dread the absence of a guard�察�to dread the very guards
that guard�察�to shrink from having those about one's self unarmed�察�and yet
to hate the sight of armed attendants。 Can you conceive a more
troublesome circumstance�殖�7�А �But that is not all。 To place more
confidence in foreigners than in your fellow´citizens�察 �nay�察 �in barbarians
than in Hellenes�察�to be consumed with a desire to keep freemen slaves and
yet to be driven�察�will he nill he�察�to make slaves free�察�are not all these the
symptoms of a mind distracted and amazed with terror�拭�
��1�А�Or�察 �I wish I could disclose to you ��he added�� those heart´easing
joys。; For ��euphrosunas�� cf。 ;Od。; vi。 156�察�Aesch。 ;P。 V。; 540�察 �Eur。
;Bacch。; 376。 A favourite word with our author�察�see ;Ages。; ix。 4�察�
;Cyrop。; passim�察 �Mem。; III。 viii。 10�察 �Econ。; ix。 12。 ��2�А�Lit。 ;delighting
I in them and they in me。;
��3�А�Or�察 �when I sought tranquility I was my own
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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